弯管转角对液压管道振动特性影响分析

飞行器液压管道的振动关系着飞行器管道系统的使用寿命及飞行安全,该振动主要由液压泵体振动、机身振动及管道与流体耦合振动三部分组成。前两种振动可以通过软管连接而得到较好的解决,最后一种振动则需要通过对管道系统进行优化设计来减弱。在管道与流体耦合振动中,管道转弯处又是耦合的敏感区域,应用有限单元法及计算流体动力学法对某型飞行器一典型的高压管段进行了数值液固耦合分析,探讨了在航空泵非定常流速下弯管转角对该管道振动特性的影响。分析结果表明,管道弯头的转角从 降低到 ,其振动幅值降低了50%,振动峰峰值降低了68.29%,可见弯管转角对管道振动的影响需要在将来的设计中应给予足够的重视。     

基于L-M算法的神经网络在环境振动分析中消除本底振动的应用

公路、铁路及城市轨道交通引起的环境振动实测数据中含有本底振动的干扰,从时域分析角度提出基于L-M(Levenberg-Marquardt)算法的神经网络法消除本底振动,阐述了该法的基本原理和实现步骤,采用L-M算法对神经网络进行训练,具有收敛速度快、计算精度高的特点。通过一段交通振动加速度时程与一段本底振动加速度时程叠加合成实测振动加速度时程,分别用L-M神经网络法和其他几种方法对合成的实测振动加速度时程进行本底振动消除计算和对比分析。计算结果表明,L-M神经网络法能更加精确的计算出真实交通振动产生的时程曲线、功率谱密度曲线、1/3倍频程中心频率处振动加速度级和计权振级。     

基于FFT多谐波平衡法的金属橡胶隔振系统振动特性分析

基于FFT多谐波平衡法,对金属橡胶隔振系统响应特性做了深入研究,并引入"平均功率比"对这类非线性隔振系统的振动传递率进行了新的定义。通过分析金属橡胶非线性隔振系统的本构关系,推导了用FFT多谐波平衡法求解系统响应及振动传递率的公式,并通过按数值方法、单一谐波法及多谐波法对给定算例的计算结果对比,说明了FFT多谐波平衡法在求解金属橡胶隔振系统响应及振动传递率时具有较高的精度。理论和分析表明,FFT多谐波平衡法可求解金属橡胶非线性系统响应及振动特性的精确解析解,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

非线性振动问题等效线性化研究

采用Newmark-β法及Runge-Kutta法求解非线性振动的响应,阐述了Newmark-β时间推进方法和求解非线性振动方程组的迭代过程.讨论了基于优化理论的等效线性化方法,并采用遗传算法求多变量极值,将实际非线性振动系统等效为线性振动系统.通过算例分析了在单自由度和多自由度情况下,非线性系统的振动响应和等效线性系统的振动响应的问题,验证了对非线性振动问题进行等效线性化的可行性.     

直升机桨叶动力分析的综合离散法

本文应用综合离散法对直升机桨叶进行动力分析,给出桨叶节点位移模式的表达式,对某桨叶计算了挥舞面弯曲振动、旋转面弯曲振动及耦合振动的固有频率,分析了桨叶在挥舞面的稳态响应。数值结果与实验数据及有限元法的计算结果非常一致。     

两种激光绝对法振动测试技术的比对实验及分析

介绍了国际标准ISO 16 0 6 3- 11“激光干涉绝对法振动校准”推荐的条纹计数法和正弦逼近法 ,在低频垂直向国家振动副基准的实现及进行的相关比对实验 ,分析研究比对结果数据。实验结果证明 ,在振动传感器加速度幅值及灵敏度幅频特性的测量中 ,两种绝对测量方法在低频范围内具有良好的一致性。     

两种激光绝对法振动测试技术的比对实验及分析

介绍了国际标准ISO 16063—11“激光干涉绝对法振动校准”推荐的条纹计数法和正弦逼近法，在低频垂直向国家振动副基准的实现及进行的相关比对实验，分析研究比对结果数据。实验结果证明，在振动传感器加速度幅值及灵敏度幅频特性的测量中，两种绝对测量方法在低频范围内具有良好的一致性。     

固体火箭发动机粘弹动力学研究

用有限元法通过复特征值分析,建立了固体火箭发动机振动特性分析的复特征值法和直接频率法两种计算模型。用其计算固体火箭发动机弯曲振动的固有频率、振型及阻尼、并进行试验验证,得到了较满意的结果。     

随机激励下结构振动声辐射的灵敏度分析和优化设计

基于有限元法、边界元法和虚拟激励法,对随机激励下结构振动声辐射灵敏度分析及优化设计问题进行研究.有限元法用于计算结构谐振响应,边界元法用于计算结构振动声辐射,虚拟激励法结合有限元和边界元计算随机激励下结构振动声辐射问题.提出随机激励下结构振动声辐射问题的优化模型及求解算法流程,重点推导了其灵敏度分析公式.数值算例验证了灵敏度分析的准确性及优化求解算法的有效性.     

复合运动激励下吊装多体系统振动分析与联合控制EI北大核心CSCD

建立了针对吊装系统在复合运动激励下的多体动力学模型,并给出了系统振动抑制的联合控制方法。以回转和变幅角速度为系统输入,分别利用做大范围运动的弹簧质量阻尼系统和空间悬吊系统描述吊臂弹性振动和吊物摆动,基于拉格朗日方程,采用递推列式法推导并给出了吊装多体系统5自由度空间运动方程。分别采用输入整形法和比例微分反馈控制法对吊物空间摆动及吊臂弹性振动进行振动控制,根据系统耦合振动特性,设计了能同时抑制吊臂振动和吊物摆动的联合控制器。系统振动分析及联合控制结果表明,所构建的动力学模型能有效分析回转和变幅复合运动激励下吊装多体系统的动力学特征,相比传统输入整形控制法,所设计的联合控制器对吊装多体系统的振动抑制效果得到较大提升。     

Ambient Vibration Tests of a Steel Footbridge

The paper presents analytical and experimental modal analysis of a steel footbridge for modal parameter identification. 3D finite element model is established for the steel footbridge based on the design drawing and modal parameters are obtained from deformed configurations. The field test is carried out by ambient vibration test under human walking excitation. Both Peak Picking method in the frequency domain and the Stochastic Subspace Identification method in the time domain are used for the output-only modal identification. From the study, good agreement is found between mode shapes, but some differences in the natural frequencies and analytical frequencies are bigger.     

Identification of the dynamical properties of structures using free vibration data and distributed genetic algorithms

The dynamical properties of structures, such as natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes, can be obtained by several identification methods. Some are based on the direct signal processing in a time domain; others transform response data to the frequency domain. The development of these techniques is useful in the production of more accurate structural models; they can be also used to test the level of damage in structures (or verify their strength to support new load actions) by using experimental data. There are situations where frequency domain algorithms and conventional system identification techniques fail, do not allow adequate solution of the identification problems or become trapped in a local optimum. It is in these cases where evolutionary optimization techniques are important tools for evaluating the dynamical properties of structural systems in practical applications. This article presents a methodology to determine the dynamic properties of structures knowing their response in terms of displacement, velocities or accelerations in the time domain when they are subjected to a free vibration excitation. In order to do that, a specialized evolutionary algorithm capable of adapting its parameters to the different types of registers obtained from the dynamic time response of a structure is implemented in a robust way, making this approach useful in practical situations. A distributed real genetic algorithm (DRGA) based on an island model of different subpopulations is used to adjust a simulated response signal of a building to the real response signal. Initially, computer-generated synthetic response signals are used but, in future, the approach will be validated with signals obtained from free vibration experimental tests and will be extended to other types of dynamical excitation signals. Finally, the method will be tested with data obtained from earthquake events.     

Free vibration analysis of anisotropic material structures using the boundary element method

This paper presents a formulation for the analysis of free vibration in anisotropic structures using the boundary element method. The fundamental solution for elastostatic is used and the inertial terms are treated as body forces providing domain integrals. The dual reciprocity boundary element method is used to reduce domain integrals to boundary integrals. Mode shapes and natural frequencies for free vibration of orthotropic structures are obtained and compared with finite element results showing good agreement.     

A compressive MUSIC spectral approach for identification of closely-spaced structural natural frequencies and post-earthquake damage detection

Motivated by practical needs to reduce data transmission payloads in wireless sensors for vibration-based monitoring of engineering structures, this paper proposes a novel approach for identifying resonant frequencies of white-noise excited structures using acceleration measurements acquired at rates significantly below the Nyquist rate. The approach adopts the deterministic co-prime sub-Nyquist sampling scheme, originally developed to facilitate telecommunication applications, to estimate the autocorrelation function of response acceleration time-histories of low-amplitude white-noise excited structures treated as realizations of a stationary stochastic process. Next, the standard multiple signal classification (MUSIC) spectral estimator is applied to the estimated autocorrelation function enabling the identification of structural natural frequencies with high resolution by simple peak picking in the frequency domain without posing any sparsity conditions to the signals. This is achieved by processing autocorrelation estimates without undertaking any (typically computationally expensive) signal reconstruction step in the time-domain, as required by various recently proposed in the literature sub-Nyquist compressive sensing-based approaches for structural health monitoring, while filtering out any broadband noise added during data acquisition. The accuracy and applicability of the proposed approach is first numerically assessed using computer-generated noise-corrupted acceleration time–history data obtained by a simulation-based framework examining white-noise excited structural systems with two closely-spaced modes of vibration carrying the same amount of energy, and a third isolated weakly excited vibrating mode. Further, damage detection potential of the developed method is numerically illustrated using a white-noise excited reinforced concrete 3-storey frame in a healthy and two damaged states caused by ground motions of increased intensity. The damage assessment relies on shifts in natural frequencies between the pre-earthquake and post-earthquake state. Overall, numerical results demonstrate that the considered approach can accurately identify structural resonances and detect structural damage associated with changes to natural frequencies as minor as 1% by sampling up to 78% below Nyquist rate for signal to noise ratio as low as 10dB. These results suggest that the adopted approach is robust and noise-immune while it can reduce data transmission requirements in acceleration wireless sensors for natural frequency identification and damage detection in engineering structures.     

低密频太阳能帆板动力学参数在轨辨识和振动控制

太阳能帆板是典型的柔性空间结构,其固有频率低且密集,阻尼很小。为了抑制其振动,建立了基于动力学参数辨识的振动控制方法。该方法利用特征系统实现算法及其扩展算法如ERA/DC或OKID辨识结构的动力学参数,然后利用最优控制理论设计控制器。根据辨识和控制的方法以及适用的情况,提出了三种在轨辨识和控制集成方案,即ERA(ERA/DC)和LQR或LQG,OKID和LQG。对一具有低密频大型柔性空间站结构的数值仿真表明,上述在轨辨识和控制集成方案具有辨识速度快,辨识精度高,控制效果好等优点,适于柔性空间结构的在轨辨识和控制。     

Multiple Sinusoidal Vibration Test Development for Engine Mounted Components

Durability testing is required before vehicle launching to prevent failure before designed life. Limited publications were found on specifying vibration testing to validate durability and reliability of engine mounted components. These published test methods did not consider engine firing order effects and oversimplified the vibration profiles. In this paper, a new ordered multiple sinusoidal vibration test method is proposed to improve the existing procedures. The test method is designed to fulfill an infinite life durability requirement for engine mounted components subjected to a four-stroke internal combustion engine vibration. An innovative test development procedure, based on engine vibration field data, is illustrated in details in this paper. The ordered multiple sinusoidal vibration test method covers the choice of sweep type, sweep time, frequency range, vibration magnitude and profile, and test duration. Instead of obtaining the vibration magnitude directly from order analysis results, vibration magnitudes are determined by fully analyzing the vibration data in both time domain and frequency domain. Test profiles designed by enveloping method are proposed for a better represent of the engine excitations.     

Identification of Elastic Properties of Composite Laminates

This article is focused on application of the response surface method (RSM) for solution of structural identification problems. The approximating functions are obtained from the data of deterministic numerical experiment. The numerical experiment is performed in the sample points of experiment design. A minimal mean squared distance Latin hypercube (MMSDLH) design is used in the present paper. For building the response surfaces, a local approximation method is employed. An example of application of the response surface method and experiment design for identification of elastic properties of laminated composite material is discussed. Elastic properties of carbon/epoxy laminate are determined employing the experimentally measured eigenfrequencies of composite plates. The identification functional represents differences between experimentally measured and numerically calculated frequencies, which are dependent on variables to be identified. The identification parameters are five elastic constants of material. The elastic constants identified from vibration test have been compared with the values obtained from independent static test. Good agreement of the results is observed.     

基于香农采样定理的结构风振时域计算改进

基于同步测点的风压时程数据的响应计算有两种方法:时域法和频域法,它们得到的结果存在一定的差异。针对如何改善时域算法的精度进行研究,提出基于香农采样定理对风压时程数据进行加密的方法。将此方法运用到一个有解析解的两自由度结构算例和一个实际工程算例中,对采样数据量和采样频率都一定的荷载时程数据进行香农插值加密;分别采用插值加密之后的数据与未插值加密的数据进行计算,得到频域和时域结果。通过计算结果的比较得到以下结论:荷载时程数据相同的情况下,对于风致振动响应,频域计算的结果一般比时域计算更精确,时域计算的误差主要由高频部分的误差引起;运用香农采样定理,对已采得的数据进行插值加密,频域计算精度基本不变,但时域计算精度能得到提高。     

基于ARMAX模型及MA参数修正的框架结构动态参数识别

结构动态参数识别和特征提取是工程，特别是重大工程质量和寿命全过程监控的核心研究内容，本文用ARMAX模型对结构的输出数据建模，然后识别结构的步和阻尼，在识别过程中为了消除相位多值性而带来的ARMAX模型对结构的输出建模，然后识别结构的频率和阻尼进行识别，最后对此方法在十六层框架结构模型上进行了试验验证，计算结果表明，该方法获得较好的效果。     

基于快速独立分量分析的模态振型识别方法研究

摘要：快速、准确地识别出结构的模态参数,特别是结构的振型是结构损伤精确识别与健康监测的重要前提。大多的模态参数识别时域方法都是从曲线拟合的角度或解算特征值的过程来实现。振型向量通过求解各阶模态的留数获得,这些方法依赖于模态频率与模态阻尼的识别。本文提出一种模态振型的直接提取方法,该方法基于快速独立分量分析技术,以模态响应之间的独立性构造目标函数,通过优化目标函数寻求振型向量的最优解,直接从结构自由响应或脉冲响应的数据矩阵中提取结构的振型向量。三自由度数值算例表明该方法有效,具有很高的识别精度且对测量噪声具有很好的鲁棒性。