应变式力传感器动态特性研究及动态补偿

通过测试传感器的固有频率和冲击响应,对不同结构的应变式力传感器的动态特性进行了研究。当力传感器动态特性不理想时,根据零极点配置法设计了动态补偿数字滤波器,对力传感器进行动态补偿,使之适用于动态测量。实验表明:柱式力传感器的动态特性优于S形力传感器。通过对S形传感器进行动态补偿,拓宽了力传感器的工作频带,提高了力传感器的动态性能,减小了动态误差。     

机器人腕力传感器辩识建模与动态补偿

把系统辨识、数字仿真和动态补偿有机地结合在一起，形成分析、改善传感器动态特性的完整方法，具体应用于机器人腕力传感器的研究中，证明了此方法的有效性。     

压电式压力传感器动态特性补偿技术研究

针对近爆区冲击波压力测试中压电式压力传感器因动态特性不佳造成信号畸变之问题,通过激波管动态校准试验,分析传感器动态特性;对造成动态测试误差的主要因素,利用动态补偿技术设计数字补偿滤波器,对传感器爆炸信号进行补偿处理。结果表明,该方法能有效减小动态测试误差、提高近爆区冲击波压力测试精度。     

动态测量信息的在线辨识处理及其补偿

主动测量技术向智能化发展的今天，使传感器（量仪）与计算机的功能溶为一体，通过对传感器的静、动态特性分析，其滞后特民生是产生动态误差的主要原因，为了减少或消除主动测量中的动态误差，提出了一种对被测变量的测量值进行智能化处理，在线识出表征传感器滞后特性的特征参数Ｔｍ，再利用校正（补偿）的方法，减小甚至消除传感器滞后特性的影响，使被测变量的测量值准确，迅速地跟踪被测变量的真实值。     

腕力传感器动态补偿研究

改善腕力传感器的动态品质是扩大其应用范围，使其在国际上独具特色的当务之急。本文分别用系统辨识方法和零极点配置方法设计动态补偿环节；又分别用运放和单片机实现动态补偿器，极大地提高了腕力传感器动态响应的快速性。在具体探索中，还总结、归纳出较为完整、系统的理论方法和实施方案，可用于指导其它传感器和测量系统动态特性的研究。     

气体浓度测量中的电化学传感器动态特性补偿

针对电化学气体传感器的动态响应延迟问题,设计了一种电化学气体传感器的动态特性测量装置,研究了气体传感器动态特性补偿及应用。为减小电化学气体传感器的动态响应时间,提出了用粒子群优化(PSO)算法对电化学气体传感器逆建模的动态补偿法,获得动态补偿滤波器模型,对电化学气体传感器的响应-恢复时间进行补偿。将补偿方法应用于研制的存储式气体浓度测试系统,测试结果表明该方法有效地改善了传感器的动态响应特性,并在响应时间上提高了3.6倍,恢复时间提高了2.8倍,具有可移植性强、易于实现的特点。     

总温传感器动态特性的方向敏感性研究

讨论了气流方向对一种机载总温传感器动态特性的影响，发现气流偏角对传感器的动态特性有很大的影响，首次提出了总温传感器动态特性的方向敏感性概念。本文分析了其原因，并指出在设计、生产和使用过程中控制气流偏角的大小，否则将破坏传感器的动态性能。这一结论也适用于与结构类型相似的其它总温传感器。     

可编程动态特性补偿滤波器设计

以常用的典型传感器为应用对象,设计了一种可编程配置的动态特性补偿模拟滤波器,通过单片机控制改变模拟滤波器电路的结构与参数以实现对不同传感器动态特性的补偿。通过对不同方案的分析和比较,选择了合适的电路结构以及元件参数,实现了针对常见工作频带在20 k Hz以下的机电系统3~6阶可编程传感器动态特性补偿滤波器。通过对由电路构成的一阶系统和悬臂梁系统的补偿,验证了该动态特性补偿滤波器的可用性。     

六维力传感器动态特性研究中的若干问题

本文对六维力传感器动态性能研究中的相关问题作些探讨,主要包括六维力传感器动态性能的标准问题、建立六维力传感器动态模型的理论和方法、传感器动态补偿器的设计与实现、实际实验结果和数据分析等部分,虽然本文讨论的问题是以六维力传感器作为研究对象,相信对其它种类传感器的研究也会有一定的借鉴作用.     

Improving the performance of a pyramid wavefront sensor with modal sensitivity compensation

We describe a solution to increase the performance of a pyramid wavefront sensor (P-WFS) under bad seeing conditions. We show that most of the issues involve a reduced sensitivity that depends on the magnitude of the high frequency atmospheric distortions. We demonstrate in end-to-end closed loop adaptive optics simulations that with a modal sensitivity compensation method a high-order system with a nonmodulated P-WFS is robust in conditions with the Fried parameter r 0 at 0.5 microm in the range of 0.05-0.10 m. We also show that the method makes it possible to use a modal predictive control system to reach a total performance improvement of 0.06-0.45 in Strehl ratio at 1.6 microm. Especially at r 0=0.05 m the gain is dramatic.     

Nonlinear compensation for non-contact electronic joystick with a single hall sensor

A new non-contact electronic joystick using a single hall-sensor, which detects a horizontal vector in the magnetic field, is demonstrated. Furthermore, the nonlinear characteristics between the output of the hall-sensor and the movement of the joystick bar are compensated to be linear. The dynamic horizontal vector of the magnetic flux is detected by the hall-sensor, whereas a permanent magnet is rotated with the joystick bar, which has a two-dimensional detecting area. Using the nonlinear adjustment equations, the output signals of the hall-sensor become linear, giving higher accuracy in two-dimensional movement. Through real experiments, it is shown that the single hall-sensor structure mechanism is superior to the dual-sensor structure in sensing two-dimensional motion without offset.     

Selective real-time measurement of styrene vapor using a surface-acoustic-wave sensor with a regenerable organoplatinum coating

The performance of a coated surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor for monitoring styrene vapor is investigated. The effects of several organic co-contaminants and atmospheric humidity are described, and regeneration of the sensor coating is demonstrated. The dual-SAW delay-line oscillator employs a reagent coating of trans-PtCl2(ethylene)(pyridine) to trap styrene via ethylene substitution. The rate of change of the sensor frequency is used to provide real-time measurement of styrene vapor concentrations. No effect on the response to styrene is observed upon simultaneous exposure to each of several olefin and non-olefin solvent vapors used with styrene in industrial processes. Butadiene, however, presents a reversible negative interference by successfully competing with styrene for reaction with the trapping agent. The response to styrene exhibits a moderate positive humidity dependence. Following prolonged exposure, the original complex can be regenerated in situ by exposure to ethylene gas, permitting repeated use of the sensor. An emphasis is placed on the application of the sensor to workplace air monitoring.     

A thickness-shear quartz resonator force sensor with dual-mode temperature compensation

An AT-cut thickness-shear quartz crystal resonator (QXR) has been used as a force sensing and self-temperature-sensing (STS) element to develop a digital output force sensor. The QXR is fixed in a two-line mounting configuration in a cylindrical metal shell by double diaphragms, through which a diametric force proportional to the unknown force is applied to the QXR. The double diaphragms improve the reliability and the mechanical stability of the sensor significantly. In order to increase the measurement range and the sensitivity, the energy trapping-based QXR is cut to a symmetrical, incomplete circular shape to decrease stress concentration. Because operating the QXR in dual-mode excitation allows the separation of force change effects from temperature change effects, force measurement and STS are accomplished simultaneously with the same QXR. The structure and the configuration are optimized with theoretical analysis and FEM. The dual-mode STS and temperature compensation are described in detail, as well as a trimming method to reduce activity dips of AT-cut QXRs.     

Performance evaluation of a fluid temperature-compensated single sensor constant temperature anemometer

The performance of a hot-wire anemometer configuration is affected by variation in the fluid temperature. The classical temperature compensation techniques in such anemometers employ two sensors. The performance of a temperature-compensated hot-wire anemometer configuration, using a single sensor alternating between two operating temperatures, and proposed for constant fluid velocity, is investigated under conditions of time-varying fluid velocity. The measurement error introduced is quantified and can be practically eliminated using a low-pass digital filter.     

Open air calibration with temperature compensation of a luminescence quenching-based oxygen sensor for portable instrumentation

This report addresses the task of calibrating an optical sensor for oxygen determination. Detailed analyses of the functional dependences from our measurement system results have been carried out with the additional aim of temperature compensation. As a result, an empirical calibration function has been successfully derived for the luminescent quenching-based oxygen sensor included in a self-designed portable instrument. This function also compensates for the temperature influence on the quenching luminescence process in the range from 0 to 45 degrees C. Moreover, the calibration procedure is extremely simple because only a single standard is needed. In fact, the oxygen measurement system can be calibrated with exposure to an open air atmosphere, and therefore, neither laboratory standards nor trained personnel are required. The method has been applied to a set of 11 units of the mentioned sensor (up to 24% oxygen concentration) giving an overall deviation between our calibrated system results and the laboratory standards of 0.3% oxygen concentration (calculated with 95% confidence level). The proposed calibration function has shown itself to be applicable for different sensing film thicknesses and luminophore concentrations using the same fittings parameter. Additionally, this function has been successfully applied to other oxygen dyes. Good agreement has also been found when the performance of the instrument was compared to a commercially available portable instrument based on an electrochemical sensor. We believe that this work could be an interesting finding for spreading the use of optical sensors for atmospheric oxygen determination in commercial measurement equipment for different purposes in confined working atmospheres, such as mines, undergrounds, warehouses, vehicles, and ships.