SC200超导回旋加速器磁场垫补方法研究

考虑磁铁材料的非线性、不均匀性以及有限元数值计算的精度有限,在设计主磁铁时都留有一定裕量,在完成磁铁加工组装后,根据磁场的实际测量结果对磁铁进行垫补获得理想的目标磁场分布,这样可以保证工程稳妥实施。因此磁铁垫补是加速器主磁铁设计制造的一个重要环节。本文基于SC200主磁铁模型,利用有限元分析软件TOSCA,首先研究了不同的磁极切削参数对中平面主磁场的响应影响;其次考虑到相邻切槽对中平面磁场影响的叠加效应,从理论上推导出一种求解垫补量的方法;最后通过模拟的方法验证了磁场垫补的可行性,为将来实际磁场垫补提供了有效的依据。     

基于台阶垫补的磁场优化算法研究

在回旋加速器磁铁设计过程中,磁场优化是非常重要的一个环节。由于加速器磁铁的磁场响应随着磁极台阶高度变化呈现非线性的特点,使得在优化复杂的磁场时,计算过程复杂、时间成本高且需要手动迭代。以1台圆形轴对称磁铁垫补为例,发展了磁场优化算法。利用三维电磁场仿真软件CST和数据分析软件MATLAB,研究了单个台阶垫补块对中心平面上不同半径处磁场幅值的影响,实现了一种自动优化磁场的算法,并以磁场降落指数为0.2的磁场为优化模拟实例,最终求得了对应的磁极台阶高度,证明了本算法的可行性和便捷性。     

高质量分辨率分析磁铁磁场测量及垫补

串列加速器升级工程在线同位素分离器(BRISOL)需对同质异位素进行分辨,谱仪设计质量分辨率为20 000。本文介绍了BRISOL分析磁铁的磁场测量及垫补。为达到20 000的质量分辨率,BRISOL谱仪采用由2块小铁和2块大铁组成的异能大、小铁结构消除能量色散。主分析磁铁磁场均匀性要求好于5×10~(-5),采用表面线圈对磁场进行垫补。垫补后,好场区范围内积分场均匀性由3×10~(-4)提高到了3.5×10~(-5)。     

90°电磁分离器磁场垫补

利用极面边缘垫补来扩大磁场均匀区是很有效的。本文采用均匀磁化方法计算了矩形边缘垫片产生的附加磁场,并在一台90°电磁同位素分离器的偏转磁铁上进行了垫补试验,使场的径向均匀区扩大了65%。计算与实验符合得较好。     

紧凑型回旋加速器中一种等时性磁场垫补算法

结合中国原子能科学研究院100 MeV回旋加速器中心区实验台架主磁铁镶条的垫补,发展了一种改进的多元线性回归磁场垫补算法.基于磁场测量系统实测的实验台架中心平面上的磁场分布以及有限元软件模拟数值计算的磁场,实现了这种改进的多元线性回归磁场垫补算法.该算法可适用于紧凑型回旋加速器中等时性磁场的垫补,以使所垫补的磁场满足回旋加速器束流动力学设计的要求.     

多目标遗传算法在波荡器垫补中的应用

波荡器性能一般有多个指标要求,而这些指标往往是相互冲突的,因此在磁场垫补时难以对垫补量进行精确推算,导致磁场垫补耗时和低效。为解决该问题,本文将多目标遗传算法应用于波荡器磁场垫补量推算,并对波荡器U38-S磁场进行了垫补。根据波荡器磁场垫补结构建立了计算模型,并阐述了计算模型中的主要问题,给出了U38-S磁场的垫补过程。经过3次磁场垫补,U38-S的轨迹中心偏差、相位误差和峰峰值误差分别减小到0.15 mm、1°和0.49%。由于遗传算法本身具有较强的可扩展性,本文所用方法也可应用于其他类型波荡器的磁场垫补。     

多目标遗传算法在波荡器垫补中的应用

波荡器性能一般有多个指标要求,而这些指标往往是相互冲突的,因此在磁场垫补时难以对垫补量进行精确推算,导致磁场垫补耗时和低效。为解决该问题,本文将多目标遗传算法应用于波荡器磁场垫补量推算,并对波荡器U38-S磁场进行了垫补。根据波荡器磁场垫补结构建立了计算模型,并阐述了计算模型中的主要问题,给出了U38-S磁场的垫补过程。经过3次磁场垫补,U38-S的轨迹中心偏差、相位误差和峰峰值误差分别减小到0.15 mm、1°和0.49%。由于遗传算法本身具有较强的可扩展性,本文所用方法也可应用于其他类型波荡器的磁场垫补。     

表面线圈垫补二极铁磁场均匀性

高分辨率的离子质谱计要求分析磁铁具有很高的磁场均匀性。串列加速器升级工程ISOL要求质量分辨率20000,分析磁铁均匀性好于1×10^-5。现有的机加工和装配水平磁铁均匀性只能做到±1．5×10^-4,磁铁加工完成后还需对磁铁进行垫补。本文采用表面线圈（图1）的方法对现有的1块C型二极铁进行垫补。     

BRIF—ISOL二极铁磁场三阶梯度指数修正研究

串列加速器升级工程在线同位素分离器（ISOL）要求质量分辨率20000，分析磁铁场均匀性要求好于0．001％。采用所谓的垫补线圈可以有效地在磁场径向产生各阶梯度场，对二极铁引起的高阶像差进行修正。使用垫补线圈的优点在于可以方便地改变磁场梯度，而不受磁铁主场强的影响，同时可以节省系统的空间。改变一阶、二阶以及三阶梯度场的垫补线圈分别叫α、β和修正线圈。     

BRIF—ISOL主磁铁的电磁力和形变计算

BRIF-ISOL系统的质量分辨率的设计值为20000。在此情况下，要求ISOL的磁铁磁场的均匀度应达到万分之一，然后经垫补实现十万分之一。磁场的均匀度和磁铁的设计加工有关，而磁铁在重力和磁力下的变形也会带来磁场分布的不均匀。ISOL束流光学系统包括7块二极磁铁。其中，偏转半径最大的主磁铁半径为2．5m，极面宽度46cm，最大极面磁感应强度0．5T。我们采用数值计算的办法计算了磁极面在电磁力和自身重量的影响下的形变。     

永磁多极磁体的另一种新型设计

本文提出的永磁多极磁体的另一种新型设计中,组成永磁体的永磁块的宽度是调变的。在理想的二维情况下,调变永磁块的宽度,只用径向磁化的永磁块,也能产生纯2N极磁场。文中给出了二维情况下标量磁势的表达式。     

波荡器磁场误差对其自发辐射的影响模拟研究

波荡器由多个单磁块组成,磁块不可避免的剩磁离散性和尺寸离散性是引起波荡器磁场误差的根本原因。波荡器磁场误差将影响波荡器自发辐射谱的质量。本文给出一种新的单磁块磁场、波荡器磁场及自发辐射的模拟方法,从单磁块磁场模拟人手,使用正态分布随机数发生器产生多组不同剩磁或者不同尺寸的单磁块,再由这种方式产生的单磁块组成波荡器,然后计算自发辐射,从而研究波荡器磁场误差对自发辐射的影响。     

3D-simulation studies of the modified magnetic multipole structure for an electron cyclotron resonance ion source

Experiments have shown that efficient operation of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source requires that the magnetic field fulfills the so-called scaling laws. In most cases the requirements for the radial magnetic field, i.e. the strength of the magnetic multipole are the most difficult to satisfy. This is due to the fact that the multipole is usually produced from permanent magnets, which makes a value of 1.3 T feasible. One possible solution to increase the multipole field is the so-called Modified MultiPole Structure (JYFL-MMPS). This new idea makes it possible to increase the magnetic field at the places where the plasma flux is in contact with the plasma chamber wall. In this article we will present detailed three-dimensional magnetic field simulations of the JYFL-MMPS.     

两种永磁多极磁体的性能的研究

利用POISCR程序计算了调变磁化方向型(MMD)和调变宽度型(MW)永磁多极磁体的磁场分布。本文对计算结果进行了分析。结果表明,考虑到永磁材料实际退磁曲线的非线性,两种型式永磁多极磁体所产生的磁场分布相似,而带软铁屏蔽的MW型磁体的场强略高于MMD型磁体。     

Analytical and experimental determination of the multipole cusp magnetic field in the VISIONI plasmatron

The VISIONI plasmatron is a plasma simulator dedicated to thermonuclear fusion material studies. The plasma is confined by means of a strong multipole cusp magnetic field produced by rectangular permanent samarium–cobalt magnets positioned just outside of the plasma chamber. The magnitude of this field as a function of the location in the plasma chamber is an important input for the ongoing plasma and material migration computer simulations for VISIONI. In this work the magnetic field in the VISIONI plasma chamber was calculated analytically. The calculated results were benchmarked and verified experimentally by Hall probe measurements. The analytical formulas are very convenient for use in different simulation codes.     

Nonlinear beam optics with real fields in compact storage rings

We analyze the proposed Karlsruhe electron storage ring for X-ray in-depth lithography using the 3rd order charged particle beam transport code MARYLIE 3.0. The ring features four 90° superconducting bending magnets. A numerical calculation of their field provides the longitudinal dependence of the multipole expansion coefficients. These are used by the code SCB to compute the Lie algebraic transfer map. Subsequent particle tracking with MARYLIE is employed to find dynamic apertures. Two different magnet designs which both lead to satisfactory dynamic apertures are presented.     

Multipole operators in semileptonic weak and electromagnetic interactions with nuclei: II. General single-particle matrix elements

We extend our previous harmonic oscillator analysis to a treatment of general single-particle matrix elements of the multipole operators arising in studies of semileptonic weak and electro-magnetic interactions with nuclei. Together with the earlier harmonic oscillator tables the present work will allow the reader to express these general matrix elements compactly in terms of specific radial integrals, which then usually must be evaluated numerically.     

旋转线圈测量法测量BEPCⅡ对撞区超导磁铁磁场

北京正负电子对撞机二期工程(BEPCⅡ)中的超导磁铁用来提高BEPCⅡ的对撞亮度,并对闭轨和耦合进行校正。超导磁铁要尽可能靠近对撞点(IP),并浸泡在1.0T的探测器BESⅢ螺线管磁场中。对撞点两侧各有1块超导磁铁,每块都包含有聚焦磁铁SCQ、水平偏转磁铁SCB/HDC、垂直校正子VDC、斜四极子SKQ及反螺线管AS等功能磁铁。利用旋转线圈的测量方法对SCQ、SCB/HDC、VDC、SKQ等进行测量,了解其积分场、高次谐波及沿束流运行方向的局部磁场。通过与BNL在垂直杜瓦中的测量结果进行的比较可知,高次谐波测量结果差别不大;与张力线的比较可知,SCQ及SCB的主极矩偏差小于3×10-3。表明提出的计算方法可进行磁场的绝对测量。     

四极磁铁比较测量

为了提供35块四极磁铁在800 MeV电子储存环上的编组排列的数据,研制了一台称为“四极铁比较测量”的测量系统。文章描写了该系统的测量原理和方法,并且给出了测量结果,最后对测量结果的误差进行了讨论。     

Multipole lenses and their application in nuclear microprobe lens systems

In principle, aberrations of nuclear microprobe lens systems can be corrected with multipole lenses. This paper discusses multipole lenses and how they may be used to correct divergence dependent aberrations in a quadrupole probe forming lens system. Also discussed is the grid shadow method which provides a practical means for experimental study of the properties of the multipole lenses as well as a potential means for adjustment of the multipoles to achieve correction. Results are presented showing the effect of sextupole, octupole and duodecapole lenses in simplified lens systems that consisted of a single magnetic quadrupole and a single magnetic multipole. Further results are presented that show the grid shadow method applied to the magnetic quadrupole Russian quadruplet of the Melbourne Proton Microprobe. In this case the system was found initially to suffer from large parasitic aberration, probably octupole, which was later significantly reduced by replacement of some damaged pole tips.