天然沸石与泥炭脱氮除磷实验研究

设计并构建了天然沸石与泥炭生物滤池装置,实验考察其在微污染景观水中脱氮除磷性能,研究其形成生物膜系统后对污染物去除的机理及效果。结果表明：该装置具备良好的生物去除污染物效果,运行稳定后CODcr、NH4＋-N和TP去除率分别可达80%、95%和41%;通过生物作用可使天然沸石与泥炭再生,实现材料持续使用。     

泥炭与沸石制取吸附材料实验研究

利用天然沸石和泥炭作为原材料,水泥作为粘结剂,研制出一种具有一定强度并同时具有脱氮除磷功能的新型吸附材料.实验结果表明:天然沸石∶天然泥炭∶水泥质量比为=2∶0.05∶1时,该材料抗压强度可达6.79 MPa,耐水性能良好.材料吸附性能实验结果揭示,该材料对氨氮和总磷具有良好的去除效果,符合准二级动力学模型.     

水文情势变化对宁夏六盘山西麓泥炭地健康状况的影响

泥炭地是具有较强的固碳作用、污染降解能力、保水、蓄水等生态功能。通过前期工作发现,宁夏六盘山西麓地区沉积形成了多片泥炭地。为了解六盘山西麓泥炭地健康状况以及水文情势变化对其影响程度,通过现场调查及室内综合研究等手段,采用分权重赋值、标准差归一化法综合对比研究,得出如下结论：在泥炭湿地的形成过程中,排水对泥炭地的损坏较大,其次为淹水时间和水位深度。提出2个建议：(1)在泥炭湿地的保护和修复中,要避免各种形式的排水沟形成,保证泥炭地有较好的淹水环境;(2)要保证泥炭地的淹水时间和有效的水位深度,维持适宜的泥炭地水文条件。     

吸氮除磷材料的研究进展

氮和磷是地表水体中比较受关注的两种污染物,生活污水过量排入河湖等地表水体中,将引起水体富营养化.着重阐述了改性后的矿物型和非矿物型材料在吸氮除磷方面的研究进展,在此基础上,对其在水处理领域的应用前景进行了展望,认为结合现代先进的化学技术对环境友好型材料进行改性,开发高效的环境友好型材料,对于同步去除水体中氮磷具有重要意...     

泥炭能源的开发与利用

本文提出泥炭开发利用的方向,应以农业综合开发为基础,以能源利用为先导,开展泥炭系列产品的研制和生产。能源利用上应通过推广泥炭沼气和制造泥炭砖等型煤燃料,加速建设小型泥炭热电厂的途径,发挥泥炭资源优势,促进工农业发展。     

我国泥炭资源的开发利用

介绍我国泥炭资源的类型、分布及组成的基础上，系统的阐述了泥炭的各种途径，对我国泥炭资源的开发具有一定的指导意义。     

泥炭燃烧的研究

在泥炭的基础燃烧试验和一台１ｔ／ｈ泥炭流化床锅炉的研制与运行实践的基础上,提出了采用流化床燃烧技术燃用泥炭的方法,本文着重介绍了泥炭的燃烧特性,并提出了该型锅炉设计中的几个关键问题。     

小型泥炭热电联产工程研究

本文简要分析了小型泥炭热电联产工程在技束上的可行性,并说明了它在节能和经济方面都有巨大的潜力。文中给出了可用于工程设计的部分地区泥炭燃料特性的数据。     

污水除磷技术的研究进展

简单介绍化学除磷技术及传统的生物除磷工艺,分析生物除磷技术的发展趋势,并对以反硝化除磷工艺为代表的生物除磷新技术的工艺原理及特点做了介绍。认为,以目前我国的经济和发展情况,生物与化学联合除磷将是水处理技术的发展趋势,但化学除磷试剂对生物处理系统性能可能会产生影响,还需进一步的研究以促进其应用和发展。     

泥炭燃料特性研究

本文是泥炭能源开发利用研究的基础部分。对泥炭燃料特性的详尽研究分析表明，可将其作为电站、工业和民用燃料，是一种潜在的重要能源。     

Peat Pyrolysis and the Analytical Semi-empirical Model

Abstract

Pyrolysis of peat could convert this material into useful fuels and valuable hydrocarbons. A study of peat pyrolysis can also serve as a useful bridge between studies of coal pyrolysis and biomass pyrolysis. Using an analytical model of pyrolysis that has previously been applied to biomass and to coal, we present here the results of applications of this model to a representative peat. The analysis suggests means of organizing and processing rate and yield data that should be useful in applications of pyrolysis for the production of fuels and chemicals.     

电站锅炉掺烧煤泥可行性研究

掺烧煤泥的可行性研究表明，锅炉掺烧煤泥是可行的，,设备及系统无须进行任何改造就能正常运行，并能达到额定参数；具有可观的作良好的环保和社会效益；掺烧煤泥符合国家能源综合利用政策，具有典型示范作用和广阔发展前景。同时指出设计与运行中应该注意的问题。     

沸石泥炭合成材料及其脱氮除磷实验研究

利用天然沸石和泥炭作为原材料,水泥作为粘结荆,成功研制了具有抗压和抗拉强度的一种新型环保合成材料.实验结果表明:天然沸石、泥炭、水泥三者质量比为7:1:4时,合成材料的抗压强度高于混凝土实心砖等级标准中的最低等级MUl5,抗拉强度高于混凝土结构设计规范标准中的最低等级C15,耐水性良好,对氨氮和总磷的去除效果好,且遵循...     

Burning peat in Ireland: An electricity market dispatch perspective

This paper examines peat power production in Ireland under the three pillars of energy policy—security, competitiveness and environment. Peat contributes to energy security—as an indigenous fuel, it reduces dependency on imports. During a period of low capacity margins, the operation of the peat plants is useful from a system security perspective. Peat generation is being financially supported by consumers through an electricity levy. The fuel also has high carbon intensity. It is not politically viable to consider peat on equal economic criteria to other plant types because of history and location. This paper reviews electricity generation through combustion of peat in Ireland, and quantifies the costs of supporting peat utilising economic dispatch tools, finding the subsidy is not insignificant from a cost or carbon perspective. It shows that while peat is beneficial for one pillar of energy policy (security), the current usage of peat is not optimal from a competitiveness or environmental perspective. By switching from the current ‘must-run’ mode of operation for peat to the ‘dispatched’ mode used for the other generation, significant societal savings (in the range €21 m per annum) can be achieved, as well as reducing system emissions by approximately 5% per year.     

An experimental and modeling study of ash deposition behaviour for co-firing peat with lignite

Co-firing peat with lignite for power generation was studied at pilot-scale, focusing on the issue of ash deposition, the major concern for this application. A specially designed probe was used to measure the rate of ash deposition under similar conditions of power plant boiler operation. Fraction of peat in the feed was varied up to 100%. It was observed that whereas the ash deposition decreased in general with increasing fraction of low-ash peat, the decrease was significantly less than expected from ash content of the feed, suggesting higher deposition tendency of ash from the peat. Chlorine content in the deposited ash showed a maximum at a certain blend ratio of the feed, which could not be explained by fuel chlorine content alone. The ash and chlorine deposition behaviour has been analyzed and simulated by mathematical models where interactions between fuel chlorine, alkali and ash particles are parameterized. The models ought to be useful for control and optimization purposes, and also be useful for co-firing other fuel blends.     

Biorefinery process water effluent treatments by salt coagulation

Acid pretreatment is one of the critical pretreatments for the biorefinery. However, little information is available on water effluent that results from this acidic pretreatment compared to alkaline pretreatment. In this study, the wastewaters from an integrated modern magnesium bisulphite pulp mill (acidic) were utilized as models for the acid pretreatment effluents of a modern biorefinery. The coagulation technique, using high valency electrolytes, was applied for the treatment of treated and untreated process water from the pulp mill. The effectiveness of some electrolytes and the selectivity of the coagulation process were compared by measuring the removal extent of critical contaminants such as organics, phosphorus and colour. The salt coagulation process was found to be selective for colour and total phosphorus removal from the wastewater, achieving more than 90% removal of contaminants.     

反硝化除磷工艺及其微生物学原理

反硝化除磷是通过反硝化聚磷菌的代谢作用,同时完成过量吸磷和反硝化过程,在达到同步生物脱氮除磷的目的同时,解决了生物脱氮和生物除磷之间相对独立的、相互竞争的矛盾。就此项新技术的微生物学原理及其新工艺进行了重点介绍。     

Peat as a carbon source for non-platinum group metal oxygen electrocatalysts and AEMFC cathodes

Naturally abundant well-decomposed peat was used as a precursor for synthesizing several non-platinum group metal-type oxygen electrocatalysts. The materials were studied in an alkaline environment, where it was discovered that the oxygen evolution (OER) and the oxygen reduction (ORR) activity of the catalysts can be severely influenced by changing the parameters of the peat carbonization procedure. High OER activity was achieved with a minimally treated catalyst which seemed to be because of a Co-rich FeCo alloy species. In both rotating disc electrode and anion exchange membrane fuel cell experiments, the catalyst based on ZnCl₂-activated peat-derived carbon showed superior ORR performance with a peak power density of 51 mW cm^?2. It was found that the peak power densities of the catalysts correlated with several physical parameters. Above all, we demonstrate the possibility of fabricating advanced functional carbon materials for oxygen electrocatalysis from peat.