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介绍了类GPS超声定位系统及其工作原理,给出了两基站定位的解析算法并对其定位精度作了分析。理论分析表明,目标的定位精度与它在空间中的位置和基站的几何布局有关。在基站几何布局一定的情况下,为获得较高的定位精度,应根据目标所在空间中的不同位置选择不同的定位基站。根据PDOP(平面位置精度因子)在定位空间中的分布图,给出了两基站定位时的基站选择原则。最后通过仿真验证了上述分析的正确性。 相似文献
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单基地模式的声呐探测系统存在工作方式固定、定位精度低的缺陷多基地定位声呐中 T-Rn 定位方式存在观测和测量缺失的问题。文章结合多基地系统在跟踪阶段中所获得的信号波达时间、接收信号幅度和信号来向角等多元先验信息,对基于波达时间及方位的定位算法进行了深入研究。文章提出了一种利用空间椭圆轨迹交汇的目标位置解算算法,并以空间反向投影算法辅助完成目标定位。该算法首先获取目标回波的相位关系,利用基于广义互相关的时延估计算法得到系统工作周期内的平均时延估计量。基阵的垂直方位观测量可通过接收信号的方位估计值获得,轨迹解算算法分别采用了椭圆轨迹交汇与几何定位法。最后给出了完整的算法流程,误差评估的仿真结果验证了交汇定位算法的有效性,该方式可有效保证多基地模式下的目标定位跟踪任务的执行效率,对实际工程应用中系统定位精度的评估有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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《中国测试》2019,(12):1-6
针对地下爆炸炸点定位中,缺乏具体指标完成不同算法及传感节点布局下定位精度的评估,难以定量分析各种方案及布局优劣程度以选出最佳方案。该文提出一种定位精度计算方法,利用到达时间差、到达角度及融合定位算法分别计算不同布局的定位精度,通过定位精度的准确度、稳定度等指标,完成经典布局在不同算法下的定位效果评估。仿真结果表明,所提出的精度计算方法评估体系可以有效反映出空间定位中垂直定位和水平定位精度分布对比,其中,融合算法能够有效改善其他算法在水平和垂直定位中的不足,在使用最优布局情况下,垂直定位精度可达1.5 m,水平定位精度可达0.2 m,在整体区域定位中稳定性最高。 相似文献
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At Kunming International Flower Auction Market (KIFA), about 2.5 million cut flowers traded in 10,000 transactions need to be distributed daily to buyers in its distribution area. Small lots and many buyers per trolley are two distinctive features at KIFA and the identities of the buyers and their demands are not known in advance. The growing transaction volume has recently increased the distribution workforce and the buyers’ waiting time. In this paper, we introduce a modified class-based location policy using KIFA’s historical data to improve its current put system performance. We use the closest-open location method in each class area, which improves the put system performance at KIFA. We examine the effects of the distribution area shape and the number of blocks in each class area on performance measures, and find that KIFA’s put system performance can be further improved. 相似文献
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Modelling the location decision of two competing firms that intend to build a new facility in a planar market can be done
by a Huff-like Stackelberg location problem. In a Huff-like model, the market share captured by a firm is given by a gravity
model determined by distance calculations to facilities. In a Stackelberg model, the leader is the firm that locates first and takes into account the actions of the competing chain (follower) locating a new facility after the leader. The follower problem is known to be a hard global optimisation problem. The leader
problem is even harder, since the leader has to decide on location given the optimal action of the follower. So far, in literature
only heuristic approaches have been tested to solve the leader problem. Our research question is to solve the leader problem
rigorously in the sense of having a guarantee on the reached accuracy. To answer this question, we develop a branch-and-bound
approach. Essentially, the bounding is based on the zero sum concept: what is gain for one chain is loss for the other. We
also discuss several ways of creating bounds for the underlying (follower) sub-problems, and show their performance for numerical
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This work has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain through grant SEJ2005/06273/ECON. M. Elena
Sáz was supported by a junior research grant of Mansholt Graduate School (Wageningen Universiteit). 相似文献
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随着水下网络系统的发展,水下移动节点的分布式定位技术的研究受到关注。提出了一种自组织、可容忍节点失效与测距误差、计算量和通信开销小的分布式水下节点定位算法,该算法利用自适应加权、循环三角组合测量法提高定位精度。对基于TOA测距的循环三角组合算法的定位精度进行了仿真,分析参考节点数对平均定位误差的影响,并与三边测量法的定位精度进行了比较。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的定位精度,对节点失效和测距误差的鲁棒性高,并且降低了水下网络对参考节点的密度要求。 相似文献
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Two-dimensional imaging properties of locally isotropic and isoplanatic point spread functions are described in a general radiographic context. In particular, the radiographic response to a two-dimensional wedge-shaped object is shown to possess several properties which enable the identification of the wedge corner on the image, thereby alleviating the need for image enhancement techniques. Extensions to the location of flat-edged boundaries are also discussed. The potential dimensioning application of this analysis lies in the precise and objective location of points of interest on radiographs of more complex two-dimensional objects. 相似文献
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单台雷达的定位精度低,致使多台雷达的融合定位精度较低.在多台雷达实时跟踪目标过程中,雷达的测角误差随距离的增加而增大,而测距误差变化较小.为了提高远距离目标的跟踪定位精度,本文提出了组网雷达的交会定位方法.利用至少3台雷达的测距信息,依据雷达与目标的空间几何关系,推导出该方法的数学模型,分析了定位精度的影响因素.利用组网雷达的实际测量数据进行试验,仿真结果表明,距离目标较近时交会法与融合法的定位精度相当,距离目标较远时交会法优于融合法. 相似文献
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Joaquin E. Torres-Soto 《国际生产研究杂志》2013,51(13):3979-4005
We consider two multi-period dynamic-demand capacitated location problems. In the first problem, the facilities are allowed to be relocated in each period, whereas in the second they are kept at a fixed location determined at the beginning of the planning horizon. We provide Lagrangian Relaxation and Benders Decomposition algorithms, including an ?-optimal BD algorithm, for the solution for the first model and a Benders Decomposition algorithm for the second. For detailed analysis, we generate a wide variety of instances to test the performance of the algorithms by taking into account varying number of customer locations and time periods in the planning horizon as well as fixed cost structures and facility capacities. We observe that the efficiency of the solution algorithms depends on the input data structure, specifically the cost structures, the facility capacities (which, in turn, dictate the expected number of open facilities), and the variation in the total customer demand from period to period. 相似文献
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提出了一种新颖简单的虹膜内边缘(瞳孔)定住算法.此算法分别对虹膜图像的每一行进行处理.首先,采用一种简单的齿形变换对虹膜图像每一行的灰度曲线进行变换,变换后的灰度曲线为齿形并且虹膜内边缘点出现在齿形曲线的转折点处.然后,根据在虹膜内边缘点处齿形灰度曲线的斜率由负值变为正值的特点。检测虹膜内边缘点并定住虹膜内边缘的位置.此算法具有新颖、简单、准确和速度快等特点. 相似文献
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本文介绍了一种采用圆周阵对目标声源进行被动定位和跟踪的方法,与线阵不同,圆四可对目标进行全方位跟踪,且测距精度不受目标方位变化的影响,文中给出了圆周阵的测距,测向公式,并从理论上分析了测距性能,计算机仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。 相似文献