嗜杀酵母Sa2发酵籼米小曲酒的工艺研究

该文对以籼米为原料,纯种根霉曲作糖化剂,嗜杀酵母(Sa2)曲作发酵剂的小曲酒的生产工艺进行了探讨,并对影响小曲酒的出酒率和品质的因素(糖化温度、糖化时间、纯种根霉曲添加量、嗜杀酵母曲添加量、加水量和发酵时间)作了研究.确定了籼米小曲酒发酵的最佳工艺条件:纯种根霉曲加曲量0.4％,糖化温度30℃,糖化时间1d,加水量120％,发酵时间4d,嗜杀酵母曲种加曲量0.8％.     

醋酸发酵辣椒酒精发酵阶段的工艺研究

醋酸发酵辣椒的工艺过程包括酒精发酵和醋酸发酵.该文主要研究确定了醋酸发酵辣椒生产过程中酒精发酵的最佳工艺参数,即发酵温度29℃,初始糖度为15°Bx,接种酵母:根霉比例为1∶3,接种量6％,发酵时间48h,在此条件下酒精度可以达到6.70％vol.     

藕花发酵酒饮料的研制

以莲藕和莲花为原料，通过根霉、黑曲霉和酵母混菌发酵，制得风味宜人、具有保健功能的酒饮料。确定了生产的主要技术条件为：莲藕与莲花质量比100：8、藕花复合原汁浓度50％、霉菌接种量7％、前发酵时间22h、前发酵温度28℃、酵母接种量5％、后发酵时间52h、后发酵温度32℃、蔗糖添加量5％。     

糯米稠酒发酵工艺的优化研究

通过单因素试验和正交试验对稠酒的生产工艺进行优化,确定了稠酒的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,稠酒生产的最佳液化条件为添加1．0％的液化酶在40℃作用120min;最佳糖化条件为添加0．5％的糖化酶在30℃糖化24h;复合酵母的最佳配比：甜酒曲：黄酒酵母：葡萄酒酵母为0．8％：0．05％：0．1％;最佳的发酵条件为发酵温度30℃,加水量1倍,发酵时间72h,组合酵母按比例添加甜酒曲0．64％、黄酒酵母0．04％、葡萄酒酵母0．08％。在此条件下生产的稠酒风味独特,具有浓郁的醇香滋味。     

利用豆渣、黄浆水发酵生产曲酸的研究

实验以豆腐渣、黄浆水为主要原料利用米曲霉发酵生产曲酸,对发酵生成曲酸所需添加的各种营养因素和发酵条件进行了研究。得出该茵利用豆渣的最佳发酵培养基为:豆渣80％、麸皮24％、酵母膏1.2％、Mg-SO4·7H2O 0.16％,pH为自然;接种量为10％,每250mL三角瓶装量为50g,在30℃发酵培养,5～6d菌体生长量和曲酸产量最大。米曲霉利用黄浆水生产曲酸的最佳发酵培养基为:葡萄糖12％、酵母膏0.5％、MgSO4·7H2O0.05％、K2HPO4 0.05％、黄浆水100％,pH为6.0,接种量10％。每250mL三角瓶装量100mL在30℃转速为200r/min的摇床振荡发酵培养,5～6d菌体生长量和曲酸产量最大。     

多菌种根霉菌圆盘制曲的生产研究

利用圆盘制曲技术进行多菌种根霉曲生产,确定圆盘自动化生产工艺,根霉M1、G1和G3复合菌种比例分别为50%～70%、20%～30%、10%～20%,接种量为1‰～3‰;圆盘培养分为两个阶段,1h～20h为菌丝大量繁殖期,培养温度为30℃～34℃,通风量为10Hz～15Hz;20h～32h为产酶期,培养温度为34℃～36℃,通风量为20Hz～25Hz。多菌种根霉曲产质量稳定,糖化作用与产酸能力较强,比单菌种根霉曲相比,试饭糖分、酸度分别提高20.5%、89.6%。     

水分与温度对根霉Q303生长繁殖的影响

根霉曲是采用纯培养技术,将根霉与酵母在麸皮上分开培养后再混合配制而成的.根霉曲具有较强的糖化发酵力,适合各种淀粉质原料小曲酿酒工艺使用.水分和温度是保证根霉Q303菌种质量的关键.在拌麸皮时加45%～50%的水较适宜;制曲过程的品温最好控制在36～38℃;前期干燥温度一般为40～45℃,后期烘干温度可控制在45～50℃.     

根霉曲培菌糖化工艺条件的研究

采用单因素和正交试验研究了根霉曲培菌糖化过程中不同的入箱温度、培菌时间和根霉菌添加量对糖化醅感官质量和糖分的影响，结果表明，影响根霉曲培菌糖化效果的因素依次为：根霉曲添加量>入箱温度>培菌时间；根霉曲培菌糖化的最佳工艺为：入箱温度为28℃，培菌时间26 h，根霉曲添加量为7‰。本研究及结果可为根霉曲培菌糖化工艺调整、糖化醅质量提升及根霉曲在酿酒中的应用提供数据支撑和理论指导。     

玫瑰醋纯种"发花"工艺的研究

研究了不同霉菌种类、接种量、霉菌比例、冲缸放水时间对浙江玫瑰醋"发花"及后续发酵的影响,提出了一条可行的玫瑰醋纯种"发花"工艺.试验优选的玫瑰醋纯种"发花"工艺条件是:菌种为黑曲霉与根霉;"发花"时间7 d;菌种总接种量为米量的0.8%;菌种配比为黑曲:根霉=0.5:1或黑曲:根霉=0.8:1.     

台湾液态法米酒工艺简化试验总结

对台湾米酒工艺进行简化工艺设计，改生料大米发酵为熟料发酵，增加大陶缸浸米，其他未作改动。试验：浸米10h左右，蒸饭汽压0．1MPa，蒸20min，醪液温度调至270℃接种发酵，四级根霉、酵母混合菌种的接种量为（大米的）0．8％－1％。如改为熟料液态法，用根霉曲作发酵剂后，出酒率也由生料的80％左右提高到90％。（孙悟）     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press