应用于智能交通系统的小型化圆极化微带天线

提出了一种应用于智能交通系统的小型化圆极化微带天线。该天线由一个开缝的方形贴片及围绕方形贴片的两级寄生贴片组成,通过模式解调实现圆极化,并利用寄生贴片增加带宽和提高天线增益。测试结果表明,天线的-10 dB 阻抗带宽为10. 9%,3 dB 轴比带宽为2. 7%,在中心频率5. 8 GHz 处的增益为5. 4 dBi,交叉极化不低于21 dB。天线尺寸为25 mm×25 mm×1. 6 mm,与其它应用于智能交通系统的天线相比,该天线具有更小的平面尺寸。     

采用弧形耦合馈电的宽带圆极化陶瓷天线

提出了一种以陶瓷为介质的小型化的宽带圆极化环形贴片天线.该天线具有较大的圆极化带宽,作为卫星接收天线同时接收多个卫星系统发出的导航信号.天线的辐射和馈电相互独立并且不受环境的干扰.测试结果表明:天线的阻抗带宽和轴比带宽分别为28%和32%.增益最大值为3.9dBic.与传统的半波长贴片天线相比,本天线的体积缩小了89.6%,实现了天线小型化.该天线还具有较大的半波束功率宽度,可以覆盖倾角较低的卫星,它在卫星数目较少时,对建卫星系统有积极的使用价值.     

带引向器的非对称平衡对拓Vivaldi天线设计

设计了一副改进的非对称平衡对拓Vivaldi天线。辐射贴片外边缘用3阶多项式曲线修正,以实现很宽的阻抗带宽。在天线口径处嵌入一个金属贴片作引向器以改善天线的辐射特性。对辐射贴片引入非对称性,使得E面波束偏离得到进一步补偿。实测结果表明,该天线具有极宽的工作带宽,在2~40 GHz内的增益大于0 dBi,且在15~30 GHz内的增益大于14 dBi;E面的波束偏离在6~40 GHz频率范围内小于3°。该天线具有结构简单、尺寸紧凑（44 mm×98 mm）以及方向图稳定等优点。该天线能够较好地应用于相控阵、超宽带系统等。     

Ka频段双圆极化相控阵天线设计

设计了一个8×8的Ka频段双圆极化相控阵天线。该天线单元采用正交缝隙耦合馈电的多层贴片微带天线,并由一个小型化宽带3 d B枝节电桥实现双圆极化。为提高天线圆极化性能,依次旋转天线单元,形成2×2双圆极化天线子阵。以天线子阵为基础,扩展成8×8相控阵天线。HFSS仿真结果表明,天线在方位360°俯仰±60°范围内进行双圆极化扫描,轴比小于3 d B,且轴比带宽达30%。该研究结果可应用于卫星通信的双圆极化相控阵天线的设计。     

改善微带贴片相控阵天线轴比的方法研究

通过对微带贴片天线单元的仿真与优化,得出了法向轴比小于3 dB的右旋圆极化微带贴片天线单元;用所得的天线单元组阵得到9元相控阵天线,仿真得到其S11参数小于-16 dB、增益大于13 dB和轴比小于3 dB.针对微带贴片相控阵天线的轴比特性,提出了降低轴比的几种布阵方法,得到0.2 dB的轴比,最后分析并总结了改善微带贴片相控阵天线轴比的一般方法.     

圆环相控阵天线瞬时带宽的分析与计算

相控阵天线需要足够的瞬时带宽以满足无线通信系统的性能要求.分析了限制圆环相控阵天线瞬时带宽的影响因素,主要包括频率变化引起的天线波束指向偏差和天线孔径渡越时间对瞬时带宽的限制.比较了圆环相控阵天线与线阵相控阵天线瞬时带宽的异同,并给出了圆环相控阵天线瞬时带宽的计算方法,为圆环相控阵天线的设计提供了理论指导.     

一种低栅瓣大瞬时带宽相控阵天线的设计方法

宽带相控阵天线一般利用时延补偿技术来实现.首先分析了波束指向的偏移对相控阵天线带宽的限制.接着对子阵均匀划分、不均匀划分、部分相位加权等方法进行了全面分析和阐述.相位的确定是通过遗传算法实现的.证明了采用这些方法,阵列的栅瓣、波束指向偏移都有较大抑制,带宽相应增加,为宽带相控阵天线的设计提供了参考价值.     

一种用于共形相控阵的宽频带宽波束双圆极化微带贴片天线

介绍了一种用于共形相控阵天线的宽频带宽波束双圆极化微带贴片天线,并利用Ansoft公司的电磁场高频结构仿真软件HFSS对所设计的天线进行计算分析。所设计的微带贴片天线在设计频段内反射损耗小于-20 dB,半功率波束宽度大于±60°。     

64 单元X 波段高增益圆极化微带阵列天线设计

采用双层矩形贴片加切角的结构设计圆极化单元,并将其组成应用于X 波段64 单元高增益圆极化微带阵列天线。天线基板采用Taconic-TRF,介电常数4. 5,厚度0. 81mm,损耗角正切0. 0035。利用Ansoft HF-SS 软件对单元及阵列模型进行仿真优化。通过实际测试,64 单元阵列天线轴比AR<6dB 的带宽500MHz,增益达到21. 2dB,S11 <-10dB 的相对阻抗带宽达到6. 9%,天线具有良好的圆极化和阻抗匹配特性。圆极化天线具有较强的抗干扰能力,可很好地应用于电子侦察、电子对抗等领域。设计的圆极化微带阵列天线为组成更大阵列的天线以及构建相控阵天线提供了单元基础。     

一种卫星移动通信双极化微带贴片天线

为适应卫星移动通信中天线低剖面要求,设计了一种缝隙耦合馈电的双极化微带贴片天线。该天线为多贴片堆栈形式,双线极化通过H型缝隙进行耦合馈电,在贴片的上方辅以寄生贴片,以提高天线的增益和辐射效率。通过对影响天线性能的各个参数进行优化,垂直和水平极化双端口的驻波比在＜2时,分别覆盖22%和30.6%的带宽,端口隔离度＜30 dB,波束宽度均＞70°。该设计天线可作为固定波束或相控阵天线进行卫星通信。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks