镀银碳纤维布的制备及其毫米波RCS特性

采用化学镀方法在碳纤维布表面沉积了金属银层.测量了利用优化工艺制得的镀银碳纤维布的表面电阻,并采用冷热循环法对镀层结合强度进行了测试,应用雷达散射截面(RCS)测试系统对同样尺寸的镀银碳纤维布及未改性碳纤维布的毫米波波段RCS值进行了测试.结果表明:得到的镀银碳纤维布镀覆均匀、金属光泽强,有较强的导电性能.镀银碳纤维布在毫米波波段的RCS值较未改性碳纤维布有很大增幅,且与理论值相近.     

不同改性方法对碳纤维布X波段雷达反射率的影响

采用化学镀镍和聚苯胺包覆分别对碳纤维布进行表面改性。表征了不同方法改性前后碳纤维布的表观形貌和导电性,并采用弓形法对碳纤维布在X波段的雷达反射率进行测试。结果表明,未改性、镀镍和聚苯胺包覆碳纤维布的电阻分别为24.2、22.6和60.6?。频率较低时,镀镍碳纤维布的雷达反射率低于未改性碳纤维布;在8~12 GHz全频段,前者的平均反射率比后者高22.35%。聚苯胺包覆碳纤维布在8~12 GHz全频段内的雷达反射率均小于改性前的碳纤维布,其平均反射率降低了104.71%。     

碳纤维表面化学镀铜工艺的优化

以甲醛为还原剂对碳纤维表面进行化学镀铜,利用正交实验对碳纤维化学镀铜工艺进行了优化,研究了施镀时间与镀层厚度及导电性之间的关系,确定了较理想的化学镀铜工艺。结果表明,采用优化后的碳纤维化学镀铜工艺制得的镀铜碳纤维镀覆均匀,光泽性好,镀层结合力强,导电性能显著提高。     

碳纤维表面单脉冲电镀铜

采用脉冲电镀法在碳纤维表面镀铜,研究了硫酸铜、硫酸、添加剂、施镀时间、电流密度、占空比等因素的影响,确定了合适的镀液成分和电镀工艺. 采用冷热循环法检测镀层与碳纤维的结合力,采用SEM和XRD考察了铜镀层质量. 结果表明,以130 g/L CuSO4×5H2O, g/L H2SO4 50, 30 g/L KNO3及6 mL/L光亮剂为镀液、室温下电流密度82 mA/mm2、占空比40%、施镀时间6 min为电镀条件,可在碳纤维表面得到表面平整细致、结晶度良好的铜镀层. 镀层结合力由原来的270 kPa提高到450 kPa.     

硫酸盐酸性镀液中碳纤维电镀铜

针对在硫酸铜酸性镀铜液中碳纤维电镀出现的镀层粗糙、"黑心"等问题,研究了纤维预处理、镀液成分和电解规范对镀层的影响,确定了合适的碳纤维电镀铜工艺. 预处理采用空气高温氧化和硝酸粗化氧化,SEM和XPS分析显示,预处理后碳纤维表面粗糙度增加,并且存在大量亲水性含氧官能团. 讨论了镀液中游离硫酸浓度、有机添加剂及Cl-等对镀铜层质量的影响,并采用SEM, XRD等方法考察了镀层质量. 结果表明,在CuSO4 60 g/L, H2SO4 180 g/L镀液中加入适量2-巯基苯并咪唑、乙撑硫脲和聚二硫二丙烷磺酸钠等添加剂,控制Cl-含量20~60 mg/L,以及选择合适的工艺参数,可以在碳纤维表面得到均匀、平整、与纤维结合紧密的镀铜层.     

碳纤维镀铜工艺研究

研究了碳纤维镀铜化学镀温度、pH值、甲醛初始浓度和装载量等对镀铜时间和镀层质量等的影响,发现随着温度的上升镀铜所需要的时间逐渐减少;pH值升高有利于反应时间缩短;随甲醛初始浓度增加孕育期缩短,但是当超过18mL／L时孕育期将不再缩短反而有少量延长的趋势。通过光学显微镜和电子探针观察了镀层质量,发现当温度在70％～75℃,pH值13左右,甲醛初始浓度12mL／L,装载量为0．1g碳纤维每50mL镀液时,用电镀进行复合镀,能够用较短的时间获得光滑致密的镀铜层。     

一种混杂碳纤维布

本发明公开了一种混杂碳纤维布。本发明所提供的混杂碳纤维布,是沿所述碳纤维布的长度方向上间隔含浸有树脂。本发明采用部分含浸的方法,在纤维布上间隔含浸树脂,提高了纤维布的张拉强度和张拉的均匀性,并通过混杂PBO连续纤维布来控制碳纤维布的早期局部破坏和连锁性的断裂,吸收碳纤维布早期部分断裂所带来的冲击,使得混杂碳纤维布具有良好的张拉强度,可广泛应用于的构造物修复及加固。     

快速超厚电刷镀铜溶液的性能及应用

研制成功的10^#电刷镀铜溶液沉积速≥40μm／min，镀厚能力≥0．3mm，镀层与基体结合力符合GB5270—85标准，并具有施工环境友好等特点，克服了传统酸性镀铜结合力差，碱性镀铜沉积速度慢、镀厚能力弱等缺点。该电刷镀铜溶液已成功应用于多种材质的军、民关键产品的功能性或修复性镀铜，特别适合刷镀超厚镀层。     

碳纤维表面无钯化学镀镍-磷合金镀层的性能分析

在碳纤维表面沉积了无钯化学镀Ni-P合金层,通过SEM、XPS、XRD和DSC等分析了Ni-P合金镀层的性能,用Weibull理论分析了Ni-P镀层对碳纤维单丝抗拉强度的影响.结果表明:用无钯化学镀的方法得到的Ni-P合金镀层均匀,结合强度高,耐氧化性好.当镀层厚度为0.15μm时,抗拉强度达到最大值3.11 GPa,是未镀的1.1倍.     

碳纤维镀铜及其对铜基复合材料界面影响

碳纤维与铜之间的润湿性很差，导致碳纤维-铜复合材料的界面问题十分突出，给碳纤维增强铜基复合材料具有的优异性能带来很大的影响.用化学反应法在碳纤维表面镀铜,然后再与铜复合，可以有效地解决上述问题.但由于碳纤维具有纤细疏水、表面惰性的特点，对它镀铜很难.本文以CuSO₄为主盐，锌粉为还原剂，研究了4种不同类型添加剂: A（烷基苯磺酸盐）、B（烷基磺酸盐）、C（十二烷基脂肪酸盐）和D（十二烷基脂肪酸盐+乙酸钠）对碳纤维镀铜的影响.结果表明：D型添加剂最有利于碳纤维镀铜, 它能有效地解决碳纤维镀铜时经常发生的碳纤维束“黑心”问题.在实验中观察到整束碳纤维被均匀、连续地镀上了铜.通过扫描电镜观察：在镀铜碳纤维的断面上可以看到镀层和碳纤维结合得很牢固;在镀铜碳纤维与铜复合所得的复合材料中碳纤维与铜之间的界面结合得十分紧密.     

碳纤维布化学镀铜工艺的研究

采用以甲醛为还原剂的化学镀铜液,用硝酸银作活化剂,在碳纤维布表面沉积出连续、均匀、有光泽的化学镀铜层。研究了不同前处理工艺对碳纤维布化学镀铜的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜表征了化学镀铜层的表面形貌,并用数字电压表测试了碳纤维布化学镀铜前后的导电性。     

氮化硼/碳纤维复合织物的性能研究

将氮化硼粉末负载于碳纤维织物上,用扫描电镜和紫外分光光度计观察和测试了氮化硼/碳纤维复合织物的表面形貌和紫外漫反射性能。结果显示:有大量氮化硼负载于碳纤维织物上;在250～600 nm波长范围,氮化硼/碳纤维复合织物的紫外漫反射性能比纯碳纤维织物的更好。用网络分析仪测试了氮化硼/碳纤维复合织物的电磁屏蔽性能,发现负载了氮化硼的碳纤维织物的电磁屏蔽性能略弱于纯碳纤维织物。     

Modification of the carbon fiber surface with a copper coating for composite materials with epoxy

Surface treatment of carbon fibers is essential to provide adequate interfacial interaction, and strength in carbon fiber/epoxy composites. The electrodeposition of a metallic copper coating on the carbon fiber surface has been examined as an alternative method to improve carbon fiber-epoxy interfacial properties. The wettability of the carbon fiber by the epoxy resin was improved as a result of copper electrodeposition. As a consequence, the adhesion between the carbon fiber and epoxy was also greatly improved by the surface electrolytic treatment used. The electrodeposition conditions affected significantly both wettability and adhesion phenomena. The electrolytic current had a strong effect on the interface performance. It was found that there was an intermediate electrolytic current, within the range used, which promoted better wetting and composite strength, compared with conventionally surface-oxidized carbon fibers.     

Mechanical,thermal, and burning properties of viscose fabric composites: Influence of epoxy resin modification

The influence of epoxy resin modification by 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on various properties of warp knitted viscose fabric is reported in this study. Dynamic mechanical, impact resistance, flexural, thermal properties, and burning behavior of the epoxy/viscose fabric composites are studied with respect to varying content of silane coupling agent. The results obtained for APTES‐modified epoxy resin based composites reinforced with unmodified viscose fabric composites are compared to unmodified epoxy resin based composites reinforced with APTES‐modified viscose fabric. The dynamic mechanical behavior of the APTES‐modified resin based composites indicates improved interfacial adhesion. The composites prepared from modified epoxy resin exhibited a twofold increase in impact resistance. The improved adhesion between the fiber and modified resin was also visible from the scanning electron microscope analysis of the impact fracture surface. There was less influence of resin modification on the flexural properties of the composites. The 5% APTES modification induced early degradation of composites compared to all other composites. The burning rate of all the composites under study is rated to be satisfactory for use in automotive interior applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46673.     

Enhancing hygrothermal resistance of aeronautical carbon fabric/epoxy composites via air plasma processing

Air plasma processing is introduced as a surface modification technique for carbon fibers to enhance the hygrothermal resistance of carbon fabric/epoxy composites. On carbon fiber surface subjected to 4-min plasma processing, there are 37.6% of carbon species present as –C–O–C groups and 9.3% of carbon species as –COOH groups. The moisture adsorption behavior of composites can be described by Fick’s law. Increase in temperature accelerates the initial moisture adsorption rate and results in a higher diffusion coefficient. The decreasing interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites is mainly ascribed to the loss of adhesion at the fiber/matrix interface. A lower equilibrium moisture content of composites is caused by air plasma processing, which leads to the improved interfacial bonding strength and the higher retention rate of ILSS of carbon fabric/epoxy composites. The interface sensitivity and temperature dependence of moisture adsorption for carbon fabric/epoxy composites are discussed. The results presented herein demonstrate an effective strategy for enhancing hygrothermal resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced composites.     

电磁屏蔽织物的制备及性能表征

采用真空磁控溅射在涤纶织物上镀上金属镍,然后电镀上金属铜和镍。测试了样品的表面电阻、耐磨性、附着力及其在1kHz~40GHz频率范围内的电磁屏蔽性能。结果表明,样品具有良好的导电性、耐磨性和附着力,在30MHz~1.5GHz内的屏蔽效能大于70dB,在1.5GHz~40GHz内的屏蔽效能大于60dB,可以满足各种条件下的电磁屏蔽要求。     

碳纤维表面化学镀Ni-Co-Fe-P工艺研究

介绍了碳纤维表面化学镀Ni-Fe-Co-P的工艺流程,探讨了碳纤维的去胶方法.通过正交实验法优化了化学镀Ni-Fe-Co-P的配方和工艺条件,观察了碳纤维的表面形貌,测试了镀层的结合力,研究了碳纤维增重率与时间和温度的关系.结果表明,在400℃灼烧30min,可去胶完全.本工艺得到的镀层均匀致密,结合力好.     

Effect of Organic Gas Plasmas on the Adhesion of Matrix Resins to Carbon Fibers

IM7 carbon fibers were surface treated in methane, ethylene, trifluoromethane and tetrafluoromethane plasmas. The surface chemical composition of the fibers was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adhesion between as-received and plasma-treated carbon fibers and polyethersulfone (PES) and an epoxy resin was measured by the microbond pull-out test. XPS showed that the methane and ethylene plasmas deposited a thin layer of hydrocarbon on the fiber surface. The trifluoromethane plasma deposited a layer of fluorocarbon on the surface of the fibers. The tetrafluoromethane plasma etched the fibers and introduced a significant amount of fluorine on the surface. The microbond pull-out test results indicated that an etching plasma, such as the tetrafluoromethane plasma, improved the adhesion between carbon fibers and PES. These results are consistent with earlier work performed with ammonia plasma. The adhesion is believed to be due primarily to the differential thermal shrinkage between the fiber and the matrix. It was shown that in the case of a reactive matrix such as an epoxy resin, the fiber chemical composition plays a role in the fiber-matrix adhesion. However, this chemical effect is secondary to the cleaning effect of the surface treatment.     

碳纤维表面化学镀镍工艺研究

介绍了碳纤维表面化学镀镍的工艺流程,前处理主要包括丙酮清洗、粗化、敏化/活化、还原和分散。观察了碳纤维的表面形貌,测试了镀层的结合力。结果表明,预处理对镀层质量而言非常关键。本工艺得到的镀层均匀、完整,结合力良好。