SYNTHESIS OF FULLERENE AZOBENZENE DERIVATIVES

Fullerene[60] reacted easily with 2′, 3- dimethylazobenzene - 4-diazonium hydrogen sulfate to product Fullerene azobenzene derivatives, and the results showed that was a addition reaction of carbene intermediate.This addition mechanism was first clarified in this paper.     

Influence of C60 and Fullerene Soot on the Oxidation Resistance of Vegetable Oils

The influence of fullerene soot as well as pure C₆₀ on the oxidation stability of rapeseed oil is studied. Fullerene soot (C₆₀ content between 0-6 wt.%) was synthesized by using a carbon arc method. Differential scanning calorimetry was applied to estimate the oxidation induction time of fullerene-oil composites. The addition of fullerene soot significantly hampered the peroxide formation thus increasing of oxidation stability of tested oils.     

Effect of [60] Fullerene on the Chondrogenesis in Mouse Embryonic Limb Bud Cell Culture System

[60] Fullerene solubilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) promoted the mouse embryonic limb bud cell differentiation specifically. The cell lysis caused by C60 was diminished by the addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase.     

Effect of [60] Fullerene on the Chondrogenesis in Mouse Embryonic Limb Bud Cell Culture System

Abstract

[60] Fullerene solubilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) promoted the mouse embryonic limb bud cell differentiation specifically. The cell lysis caused by C60 was diminished by the addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase.     

120 keV Ar ion-induced red and blue shift of SPR Wavelength of Au nanoparticles in fullerene C60

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Au nanoparticles are synthesized in a fullerene C60 matrix using the thermal co-evaporation technique. Fullerene C60 is chosen due to its...     

Synthesis of mono-dispersed nano-scale fullerene (C60) crystals

Fullerene (C60), which has a unique molecular structure, was used in the preparation of crystalline organic nano-crystals. Fullerene was dissolved in toluene and this fullerene solution was mixed with water drastically. During this process, fullerene transferred from toluene to water phase. The significantly different solubility of fullerene in a toluene/water solvent system played an important role in the self-assembly of single fullerene nano-crystals, as it is called drowning-out crystallization. In addition, pH of water was controlled to carry out the interfacial transference of fullerene. An optical spectrum analysis showed that the fullerene was transferred by a hydrolysis reaction from toluene to water, depending on the pH and toluene involved in the crystal structure. During the interfacial transference, the growth of nano-scale fullerene occurred at pH > 7. Importantly, fullerene nanocrystals were formed with a mono-dispersed square structure on a nano-scale (104 nm average size and 1.03 +/- 0.24 aspect ratio) at pH 10.     

Decrease in Fullerene Productivity Due to Air Leakage in Carbon Arc Method

Fullerene productivity was investigated in the carbon arc discharge method when air was deliberately introduced into He-filled arc apparatus. Values of fullerene yield and production rate did not vary until the air leakage rate, denned as an increase in the ratio of air partial pressure relative to He pressure, was 0.2%/min. Fullerene productivity drastically decreased when the air leakage rate increased above 0.2%/min. Emission spectroscopic measurement of the arc plasma suggested the possibility that this decrease in productivity was related to an increase in the formation of carbon-air combined molecular species, e.g., CN, in the plasma.     

Decrease in Fullerene Productivity Due to Air Leakage in Carbon Arc Method

Abstract

Fullerene productivity was investigated in the carbon arc discharge method when air was deliberately introduced into He-filled arc apparatus. Values of fullerene yield and production rate did not vary until the air leakage rate, denned as an increase in the ratio of air partial pressure relative to He pressure, was 0.2%/min. Fullerene productivity drastically decreased when the air leakage rate increased above 0.2%/min. Emission spectroscopic measurement of the arc plasma suggested the possibility that this decrease in productivity was related to an increase in the formation of carbon-air combined molecular species, e.g., CN, in the plasma.     

富勒烯-衣康酸共聚物的合成及其润滑性能

通过自由基聚合，合成了一种新型纳米级富勒烯－衣康酸共聚物，其易溶于水，甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃等溶剂。采用FTIR、UV－240、GPC等进行结构表征，TEM分析表明其在水溶液中形貌为理想的球形，平均粒径约为48nm，四球机试验测试结果表明，一定浓度的富勒烯共聚物可有效提高水基液的承载能力，增强抗磨能力，对其磨斑表面采用扫描电子显微镜分析，结果表明，磨痕变浅，磨斑减小，有效降低了磨损。     

CARBON NANOTUBES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FOR A NULL RISK OF SKIN IRRITATION AND ALLERGY

Fullerene soot with a high content of single-wall carbon nanotubes was tested to assess its potential biochemical activity. The results of dermatological trials did not show any signs of health hazard related to skin irritation and allergic risks.     

CARBON NANOTUBES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FOR A NULL RISK OF SKIN IRRITATION AND ALLERGY

Fullerene soot with a high content of single-wall carbon nanotubes was tested to assess its potential biochemical activity. The results of dermatological trials did not show any signs of health hazard related to skin irritation and allergic risks.     

Synthesis of Heterocycle-Containing [60]Fullerene Derivatives

Fullerene functionalization with heterocycles is reviewed, focusing attention on cycloaddition methodology and oxidative heterocyclization.¹     

Fullerene Reactivity in an Oxygen Plasma

Fullerene reactivity in an oxygen plasma was measured and compared with those determined under the same conditions for a comprehensive set of 50 carbon materials. The possible reasons for the high plasma reactivity of the fullerene sample in an oxygen plasma are discussed.     

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF FULLERENE DERIVATIVES ON GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE

Fullerene derivatives which have carboxylic acid moiety effectively inhibited glutathione reductase activity. Preincubation of the reductase and fullerene derivative at 37°C enhanced the inhibition activity.     

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF FULLERENE DERIVATIVES ON GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE

Fullerene derivatives which have carboxylic acid moiety effectively inhibited glutathione reductase activity. Preincubation of the reductase and fullerene derivative at 37°C enhanced the inhibition activity.     

Fullerene[60]功能材料的潜在应用前景

Fullerene[60]多氢化物可望在储氢材料方面获得应用前景，C60H36催化分解可望出氢气。Fullerene[60]的多硝基化合物可望作为含能材料的添加剂。这方面的研究是Fullerene化学的一个新     

Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry of fullerenes

Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) was evaluated for the analysis of fullerenes. An important response improvement was found when using toluene mediated APPI in negative mode if compared with other atmospheric pressure ionization (API) sources (electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization). Fullerene APPI negative mass spectra were dominated by the isotopic cluster of the molecular ion, although isotopic patterns for M+1, M+2, and M+3 ions showed higher than expected relative abundances. These discrepancies are explained by the presence of two isobaric ions, one due to (13)C and the other due to the addition of hydrogen to a double bond of the fullerene structure. Triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, and accurate mass measurements were used to confirm these assignments. Additionally, cluster ions M+16 and M+32 were characterized following the same strategy. Ions due to the addition of oxygen and alkyl additions were attributed to the presence of methanol in the mobile phase. For the fast chromatographic separation of fullerenes (less than 3.5 min), a sub-2 μm C18 column and isocratic elution (toluene/methanol, 45:55 v/v) was used. Highly selective-selected ion monitoring (H-SIM) mode (mass resolving power, >12,500 fwhm) was proposed monitoring the two most intense isotope ions in the [M](-?) cluster. Method limits of quantitation down to 10 pg L(-1) for C(60) and C(70) fullerenes and between 0.75 and 5.0 ng L(-1) for larger fullerenes were obtained. Finally, the ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-APPI-MS method was used to analyze fullerenes in river and pond water samples.     

Synthesis of Heterocycle-Containing [60]Fullerene Derivatives

Abstract

Fullerene functionalization with heterocycles is reviewed, focusing attention on cycloaddition methodology and oxidative heterocyclization. ^{1 1}This paper was presented before the Symposium 3 on ‘Expanded Horizons of Fullerene Science and Technology’ organized by L. Y. Chiang, E.Osawa, H. Terrones and M. Saunders at the 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials (ICAM-IV), Aug. 27 to Sept. 1, 1995, Cancun, Mexico.

     

Fullerene Research in the Czech Republic

Abstract

Fullerene Science and Technology, both the field and the journal, have observed considerable progress during the last few years. The field has continued to mature as witnessed by the many new and interesting results published in thousands of journal articles (1-3) and in a multitude of books and conference proceedings. The recognition of fullerene sciences as a self-containing field of research has been culminating in the awarding of the 1996 Chemistry Nobel Prize to Professors Robert S. Curl, Harold W. Kroto, and Richard E. Smailey.     

Fullerene C60 coated silicon nanowires as anode materials for lithium secondary batteries

A Fullerene C60 film was introduced as a coating layer for silicon nanowires (Si NWs) by a plasma assisted thermal evaporation technique. The morphology and structural characteristics of the materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM observations showed that the shape of the nanowire structure was maintained after the C60 coating and the XPS analysis confirmed the presence of the carbon coating layer. The electrochemical characteristics of C60 coated Si NWs as anode materials were examined by charge-discharge tests and electrochemical impedance measurements. With the C60 film coating, Si NW electrodes exhibited a higher initial coulombic efficiency of 77% and a higher specific capacity of 2020 mA h g(-1) after the 30th cycle at a current density of 100 microA cm(-2) with cut-off voltage between 0-1.5 V. These improved electrochemical characteristics are attributed to the presence of the C60 coating layer which suppresses side reaction with the electrolyte and maintains the structural integrity of the Si NW electrodes during cycle tests.