稀土元素对Cu基非晶合金形成能力和力学性能的影响

通过铜模铸造法成功制备出直径分别为5 mm和3 mm的三元Cu45Zr48Al7和四元Cu45Zr45Al7Y3大块非晶合金。采用甩带法制备了Cu42Ni8Ti48Sm2、Cu42Ni8Ti48Y2、Cu42Ni8Ti48Gd2三种条带非晶;其中,Cu42Ni8Ti48Y2合金的非晶形成能力最强。三种非晶的玻璃转变温度Tg不十分明显,在冷却过程中存在着一定浓度的初晶相预存核,过冷液相区ΔTx不能反映该合金系非晶形成能力的差异。Cu47Zr42Al6Y5和Cu47Zr42Al6Er5合金组织基本由非晶相组成;Cu47Zr42Al6La5合金组织含有较多的晶态相,其压缩断裂强度较低;压缩断裂机理为解理 穿晶。     

Cu-9Ni-6Sn弹性铜合金的组织及性能研究

铜基弹性合金广泛应用于医疗、航天航海导航仪器、机械制造、电子电力和仪表制造等行业．本文以铜镍锡系合金为研究对象,研究了熔炼铸造以及形变热处理工艺对Cu-9Ni-6Sn合金组织和性能的影响．研究表明：通过对Cu－9Ni－6S11合金铸态组织观察,发现Cu－9Ni－6Sn合金铸态组织枝晶发达,均匀化退火能一定程度消除Sn的偏析,本实验适宜的均匀化退火工艺为：850℃×6h;综合考虑合金的显微硬度、导电率以及抗拉强度,合金最佳时效工艺为：390℃×5h．在冷变形量为90％、390oCx5h条件下,Cu－9Ni－6Sn合金弹性极限为774MPa,显微硬度为Hmv390,导电率为17．5％IACS,抗拉强度可达990MPa．     

Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金固溶过程中Ti2Ni相的形貌变化

利用光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射术观察和分析了Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金在不同温度固溶处理后的显微组织．该合金的铸态组织由枝晶和枝晶间共晶组成,枝晶为Ti2Ni纤维和仅基体组成的共析组织,枝晶间共晶由棒状α相和Ti2Ni基体组成．固溶处理时Ti2Ni相的形貌和尺寸发生了明显变化．850℃以下固溶,随固溶温度的升高,纤维状的Ti2Ni发生了熔断,粒化和粗化等过程．900℃固溶时,枝晶内仪相转变为β相,Ti2Ni溶解,枝晶间α/Ti：Ni共晶组织转变为半连续Ti2Ni相分布于晶界．随温度的升高,晶界Ti2Ni球化,并在960℃时发生多边化,970℃时多边形Ti2Ni的棱角钝化．     

Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr块体非晶合金形成能力及其压缩性能

采用铜模铸造法制备了不同直径的Ti40Cu34+xNi16-xZr10(x=0,2,4,5,6)系列合金,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差氏扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了合金的相结构、显微组织、热稳定性.结果表明:只有Ti40Cu39Ni11Zr10合金成分可制备出2 mm的全非晶结构,增加制备尺寸到3 mm、4 mm后,有TiCu晶体相析出;玻璃转变温度Tg、晶化温度Tx分别为665 K和712 K,过冷液相区ΔTx为47K.压缩实验表明:Ti40Cu39Ni11Zr10块体非晶合金具有高达1 931 MPa的屈服强度,并伴有0.3%左右微量压缩变形量,塑性变形以锯齿形式出现;Ti40Cu34Ni16Zr10合金具有1.3%的压缩变形量,TiCu相的析出提高了该合金压缩变形量.     

Y对Cu基非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和力学性能的影响

研究了添加微量稀土元素Y对Cu基非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和力学性能的影响.通过铜模吸铸法制备Cu-Zr-Al-Y大块非晶合金,利用DSC和XRD分析合金的玻璃形成能力对合金进行室温压缩性能测试,用SEM分析了微观断口形貌.研究结果表明:适量Y掺入可提高合金的玻璃形成能力,当Y元素掺入量为3%时,Cu47Zr42Al8Y3非晶合金的过冷液相区宽度ΔT达到72.42K,有较高的玻璃形成能力;Y元素的掺入有利于提高合金的力学性能,而Cu47Zr42Al8Y1合金有最佳的力学性能,其压缩断裂强度为2 140.8 MPa,伸长率达到7.17%,且随着Y含量的增加,断裂方式由单一的剪切断裂变为剪切断裂和脆性断裂复合方式.     

退火处理对Ti-Zr-Cu-Be块体非晶合金力学性能的影响

采用铜模铸造法制备了直径为2mm的Ti55-xZr10+xBe27.5Cu7.5(x=0,10,20)块体非晶合金,并对其进行等温退火处理.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差氏扫描量热仪(DSC)及压缩试验等方法研究了非晶合金的相结构、显微组织和热稳定性,以及退火处理对其力学性能的影响.结果表明:该系列合金在553 K及583 K下保温长达5 h时间内依然表现为非晶态.退火处理后,Ti35Zr30Be27.5Cu7.5合金屈服强度、断裂强度均提到了提高,其中在583 K下保温1 h后屈服强度、断裂强度分别达到了1 921、2 169 MPa;其塑性由处理前的3.47%提高到了6.57%.Ti45Zr20Be27.5Cu7.5合金在退火后其力学性能变化不明显.Ti55Zr10Be27.5Cu7.5合金随着退火温度及保温时间的增加其屈服强度、断裂强度及塑性均明显降低.     

制备方法对Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金显微组织和相变行为的影响

采用常规铸造和快速凝固两种合金制备方法,分别制备出化学成分为Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20的合金体材料和合金薄带,利用XRD(X射线衍射仪)、TEM(透射电子显微镜)、DSC(差示扫描量热仪)等手段研究这两种制备方法对Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金的马氏体相变行为和显微组织方面的影响。实验结果表明,经500℃退火1h处理后,Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金薄带中出现大量B19马氏体和少量Ti2Ni析出相,而固溶后的Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金体材料只存在B19马氏体,同时相比于体材料,薄带的B19马氏体衍射峰强度减小及B19晶格常数a、b增大,而c减小;Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金薄带的马氏体相变温度Ms比体材料的马氏体相变温度Ms低,且薄带的热滞△T也比体材料小。     

高强度Ti-Ni-Nb合金的制备与压缩性能

采用铜模铸造法制备了直径为2 mm的三元Ti90-xNixNb10(x=30,33,36)系列合金.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及压缩试验等方法研究了合金的相结构、显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:Ti-Ni-Nb系合金由Ti2Ni块体相和NbNi3枝晶相组成.随着合金元素Ni的增加,NbNi3枝晶相逐渐增多,Ti2Ni相逐渐减少.力学性能表明,随着Ni含量的增加,其合金断裂强度不断增加,当Ni含量为36 at.%时,合金Ti54Ni36Nb10的断裂强度达到了1950 MPa,且其塑性变形量约为1.5%.     

Nb对Cu基非晶合金热加工及力学性能的影响

为了提高Cu基非晶合金的热加工性能和力学性能,采用铜模铸造法制备了直径为2 mm的Cu47Zr47-xAl6Nbx非晶合金.分别利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热计和电子万能试验机对Cu47Zr47-xAl6Nbx非晶合金的相组成、显微组织、热力学参数和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,适量的Nb元素可以提高Cu47Zr47-xAl6Nbx非晶合金的热加工和力学性能.Cu47Zr47Al6非晶合金的过冷液相区和断裂强度分别为53.5 K和1 528 MPa.当Nb元素的原子分数为2%时,Cu47Zr45Al6Nb2非晶合金具有最大的过冷液相区和断裂强度,且可以分别达到69.0 K和1 830 MPa.     

高强韧铸造铝合金组织与性能研究

采用正交试验研究了Cu,Mg,Mn,Zn四种元素对新型高强韧耐热Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zn合金室温及250℃力学性能的影响规律,分析了Al-7.0Si-2.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.3Mn-0.8Zn合金铸态及热处理后试样的金相显微组织和250℃断口形貌.结果表明:Cu,Mg,Mn,Zn四种元素对Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zn合金室温及250℃抗拉强度和延伸率的影响顺序为,Mg>Cu>Zn≥Mn,Mg和Cu是主要影响因素,Mn和Zn是次要影响因素.随着Mg含量的增加,合金室温及250℃抗拉强度升高而伸长率下降,随着Cu含量的增加,合金室温抗拉强度升高而伸长率下降,250℃抗拉强度升高而伸长率呈先升后降趋势,Zn含量的提高有利于提高合金250℃延伸率.为使合金具有良好的综合力学性能(室温及250℃),Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zn合金的最佳质量分数为7.0%Si,2.5%Cu,0.3%Mg,0.3%Mn,0.8%Zn,且合金力学性能室温时bσ≥345 MPa,5δ≥6.0%,250℃时bσ≥220 MPa,5δ≥9.0%.     

Interfacial microstructure of Cu Cr/1Cr18Ni9Ti bi-metal materials and its effect on bonding strength

The Cu Cr/1Cr18Ni9 Ti bi-metal materials were prepared by the solid-liquid bonding method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and formation mechanism of the bonding interface were studied. The results show that there exists a serrated transition layer with a certain width at the interface of Cu Cr/1Cr18Ni9 Ti bi-metal materials, and the transition layer consists of Fe-based and Cu-based solid solutions. The elastic modulus and hardness reach the maximum values at the interface closing to the 1Cr18Ni9 Ti zone. The bonding temperature has a significant effect on the width and morphology of the transition layer. The interfacial bonding strength is at least 30% higher than that of the Cu Cr alloy, and the tensile fracture occurs at the side of the Cu Cr alloy rather than at the bonding interface.     

SiC颗粒增强锆基非晶材料的组织与变形行为

为获得高强度、低密度且有一定塑性的新型复合材料,在铜模喷铸条件下制备了体积分数分别为6%和10%的SiC颗粒增强Zr_5.05Al₉Ni_4.05Cu_36.45块体非晶合金复合材料.应用x射线衍射仪、透射电镜、材料试验机和扫描电镜分析了复合材料的相组成、微观组织、压缩性能及断口形貌.实验结果表明：界面微观组织的变化对复合材料力学性能有显著的影响.有限的界面反应物ZrC能够增强界面的结合强度,有效地传递应力,从而阻碍剪切带的局域化扩展,促使多重剪切带的萌生,有助于提高合金的强度和塑性.而过量的界面反应则弱化界面的结合强度,致使合金压缩变形时,沿界面迅速开裂,表现为脆性断裂.     

Phase transformation behaviors and shape memory effects of TiNiFeAl shape memory alloys

Measurements of electrical resistivity, X-ray diffraction, and tensile test at room temperature and ?196°C were performed to investigate the effects of Al addition substituting Ni on the phase transformation behaviors, the mechanical properties, and the shape memory effects of Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys. It is found that 1at% Al addition dramatically decreases the martensitic start transformation temperature and expands the transformation temperature range of R-phase for TiNiFeAl alloys. The results of tensile test indicate that 1at% Al improves the yield strength of Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys by 40% and 64%, but de- creases the plasticity to 11% and 12% from 26% and 27% respectively. Moreover, excellent shape memory effect of 6.6% and 7.5% were found in Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys, which results from the stress-induced martensite transformation from the R-phase.     

Si_3N_4-doped Zr_(50)Al_(15)Ni_(10)Cu_(25) glassy alloy by mechanical alloying and sintering process

Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powder was synthesized by mechanical alloying.The effect of Si3N4 addition on the crystallization behavior of the alloy during sintering process was studied.Thermal stability of the powders was performed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The phase and microstructure of the powders and bulk specimens sintered were determined by X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that,introducing 0.05%(mass fraction) Si3N4 can enhance the crystallization activation energy of the Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powders,which indicates that Si3N4 addition has hindrance effect on forming crystals from Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powder.However,0.10% Si3N4 results in the decrease of the crystallization activation energy,which makes its crystallization process easy to occur.     

Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷与3Cr13不锈钢的真空钎焊

采用AgCuZnNi钎料对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷和3Cr13不锈钢进行真空钎焊。研究了钎焊温度和钎焊时间对钎焊接头剪切强度的影响,通过SEM和EDS对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷/3Cr13不锈钢接头的显微组织、元素分布及断口形貌进行分析。研究表明:随着钎焊温度和钎焊时间的增加,钎焊接头的剪切强度先增大后减小。在钎焊温度为820℃,钎焊时间为10 min的工艺条件下,钎焊接头的结合强度达到最大,其剪切强度为154 MPa。Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷/3Cr13不锈钢焊缝由Ag基固溶体和Cu基固溶体构成。Ag基固溶体主要集中在焊缝的中部,而Cu基固溶体大多数分布在焊缝两侧与母材结合。Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷/3Cr13不锈钢接头断裂主要发生在Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷侧,其断裂方式为脆性断裂。     

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Formation of In-situ Reinforced Phases In Cast AI-4.5Cu Alloy

The thermodynamic analysis of the formation of in-situ reinforced phases in (TiB2 Al3Ti)/Al-4.5Cu composites prepared by mixed salts reaction was conducted, and heat changes of mixed salts system were analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results show that although TiB2 possesses the strongest formation ability in Al-Ti-B ternary system, [Ti] is relatively excessive in the in-situ reaction and it combines with Al to form Al3Ti phase. The reinforced phases are TiB2 and Al3Ti in the produced composites due to the reaction taking place to form reinforced phase with the addition of mixed salts into Al-4.5Cu melt between 900℃ and 1032℃.     

Equation of state of Zr41 Ti14 Cu12.5 Ni10 Be22.5 bulk metallic glass

The knowledge of the equation of state （EOS） and the compressibility of a solid are of central importance for the understanding of the behavior and the application of a condensed matter. The compression behavior of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22. 5 bulk metallic glass （BMG） is investigated at room temperature up to 24 GPa using in-situ high pressure energy dispersive X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. A model of basic cell volume has been established and the equation of state of BMG is determined by the calculation of radial distribution function. The experimental results indicate that the BMG contains a large amount of vacancy-like free volume. Low pressure （ below 7 GPa） induces the collapse of the free volume to some extent and structure relaxation in the BMG.     

喷射沉积含Sc超高强铝合金固溶处理组织与性能分析

采用金相、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析方法,研究了不同工艺条件下喷射沉积Al-12Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu-0.20Zr-0.30Sc-0.30Ni合金的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明,过喷粉颗粒的大小为3~15μm,是沉积坯等轴晶平均直径的1/6~3/4;挤压坯经460℃/0.5 h+480℃/2 h二级固溶处理后Zn,Mg,Cu等溶质元素回溶到Al基体中,固溶后未见形成W(ScCu6.6~4Al5.4~8)相,合金抗拉强度由挤压态的410 MPa增加到固溶态的750 MPa,增幅为82.9%;再经T6时效后合金的抗拉强度可达855 MPa.凝固过程形成的粗大难溶DO23结构Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子是影响合金抗拉强度的重要原因.