桑叶多糖的研究进展

桑叶多糖是桑叶的一种主要活性成分之一,具有多种药理作用和生物活性功能,是目前的一个研究热点.本文对国内外近年来关于桑叶多糖的提取、分离纯化、化学结构及生物活性等多方面进行了综述,为桑叶资源的深入开发起一定借鉴作用.     

太子参多糖的研究进展

近年来中药多糖的生物活性备受关注,研究也越来越深入。在现代研究中,太子参多糖具有抗糖尿病、免疫调节、保护心肌等多种生物活性,是太子参发挥功效及保健养身功能的最重要的物质基础成分。太子参多糖相关研究是解决太子参药材质量控制难题的关键,现已成为太子参研究领域的热门。本文综述了太子参多糖的提取分离、结构组成、生理功效等方面的研究内容,以期为太子参多糖的研究、开发与利用提供参考。     

硒多糖提取、结构和生物活性的研究进展

硒多糖是一种具备硒和多糖双重活性的化合物,是一种新型的膳食硒补充剂。近年来对硒多糖的结构和生物活性的研究越来越深入,但硒多糖的结构复杂,合成方法比较局限,缺乏系统性的归纳总结。该文主要对近年来硒多糖的提取及纯化、不同硒化方式下多糖的结构表征、硒与多糖的结合方式以及硒多糖在体内外的生物活性研究进行综述,旨在为硒多糖的深入研究与探索及其产品的开发与利用提供合理有价值的参考。     

玉米芯多糖生物活性、提取纯化及结构修饰研究进展

玉米芯多糖是一种具有多种生物活性的植物多糖。文章综述了近年来玉米芯多糖的生物活性、提取纯化、多糖组成、结构修饰方面的研究,并展望了玉米芯多糖的研发方向,为进一步研究其生物活性、开发玉米芯综合利用和有效延长玉米相关产业链提供依据。     

地黄多糖提取工艺、生物活性及机制研究进展

近年来,从中药中提取的天然化合物因其广泛的生物活性,低毒性和较少的副作用而备受关注。地黄作为我国传统药食两用中药材,已有两千多年的食用历史。地黄多糖作为地黄的主要活性成分之一,具有增强免疫功能、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节血糖血脂等功效,在食品、药品和保健品开发方面具有广阔的应用前景。地黄多糖的有效提取是进行生物活性研究的基础,不同的提取方式对地黄多糖的生物活性具有一定的影响。因此,研究地黄多糖的提取工艺及揭示地黄多糖的生物活性及作用机制具有重要意义。本文针对地黄多糖进行综述,概括了近年来地黄多糖的提取方法研究进展,发现提取方法主要有普通水提法、超声辅助水提法、酶辅助水提法、微波辅助水提法、复合水提法和超临界CO2萃取法等。同时也总结了地黄多糖的生物活性及作用机制,分析了现存的问题,并对地黄多糖未来研究方向进行展望,为地黄多糖的后续生物活性研究、构建并完善生产体系以及在食品与医药领域的开发应用提供理论依据。     

夏枯草多糖的研究进展

夏枯草多糖为夏枯草的主要功效成分之一,国内外学者对夏枯草多糖的提取纯化、结构解析等研究做了大量的工作,并已证实其具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗病毒、抗纤维化、抗癌和抗补体等生物活性。本文主要综述了夏枯草多糖的提取、含量测定、纯化、结构解析和生物活性,旨在理清夏枯草多糖目前的研究状况,总结当下对夏枯草多糖研究的不足,发现夏枯草多糖的提取方法、纯化方法缺乏创新研究,结构分析和药理作用机制的研究不深入,采用新的提取纯化方法,可提高多糖的提取率及纯化效率,深入的研究夏枯草多糖的结构及其生物活性的作用机制,可大大提高夏枯草多糖的利用价值,为进一步研究和开发利用夏枯草多糖提供重要参考。     

桑葚多糖结构特征和生物活性研究进展

桑葚作为一种药食两用资源,具有抗氧化、降血糖及降血脂等多种生物活性。近年来,多糖作为桑葚主要化学成分之一,其结构与生物活性备受关注。本文对桑葚多糖近年来国内外的研究成果进行整理,综述桑葚多糖的提取制备、纯化方法、结构特征、生物活性及构效关系,并对桑葚多糖今后的研究和应用提出了可供参考的建议。     

香菇多糖Lentinan的提取分离、生物活性和构效关系的研究进展

香菇多糖Lentinan是从香菇中分离出来的具有重要生物活性的物质,文章系统地阐述了近年来有关香菇多糖Lentinan的提取分离纯化方法、生物活性、结构与活性关系等方面的研究进展,并展望了今后香菇多糖Lentian的研究方向。     

牛蒡多糖的提取及生物活性研究进展

牛蒡(Arctium lappa L.)作为传统的药食同源植物,在中国有着悠久的历史。牛蒡多糖(A.lappa L.polysaccharides,ALPs)是牛蒡中重要的活性成分之一,近年来备受关注。不同的提取和分离纯化方式会造成多糖结构上的差异,而牛蒡多糖的化学结构与多糖的生物活性紧密相关。该文总结了近年来常用的提取方式,包括热水浸提法及基于水提的新型辅助提取方法、酶解提取法、碱液提取法等,并比较了不同提取、分离纯化方式所得牛蒡多糖在分子质量、糖链结构及单糖组成方面的差异,总结了牛蒡多糖的抗炎、调节肠道菌群、降血糖、调节脂质代谢及抗氧化等多种生物活性,以期为进一步探究其生物活性机制、构效关系及应用提供参考。     

枸杞多糖的研究与应用

枸杞多糖是枸杞中主要的生物活性成分之一,因具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等多种功能作用而成为近年来研究的热点。详细介绍了枸杞多糖的制备、生物活性作用及其开发利用现状。枸杞多糖的制备过程包括提取、分离与纯化。提取方法有水提醇沉法、碱液提取法、超声波提取法、微波辅助法等;分离与纯化方法主要有Sevage法、三氯乙酸法、蛋白酶法、活性炭脱色、聚合物-盐双水相系统等,主要是去除多糖中游离蛋白质、色素等杂质,再通过分级沉淀、纤维素离子交换柱层析和凝胶柱层析方法进一步纯化得到单一多糖。此外,还对近年来枸杞多糖在医药、食品、畜牧与饲料等领域的开发利用进行了较详细介绍,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为枸杞多糖的进一步研究与开发提供参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press