太阳能与压气机抽气储能燃气轮机CHP系统耦合特性分析

压气机抽气储能调控可改善燃气轮机能源系统性能,为了使燃气轮机系统更加灵活、高效地与外界负荷匹配,提出太阳能耦合压气机出口抽气储能的燃气轮机热电联产系统。通过建立空气透平、余热锅炉和太阳能集热器的变工况数学模型,利用Thermoflex软件建立燃气轮机压气机出口抽气变工况模型,并对耦合系统进行变工况分析,研究系统在储能、释能和运行周期内热力参数的变化,以华南地区某宾馆的逐时负荷为例对太阳能耦合压气机出口抽气储能的热电联产系统进行案例分析,并与基准热电联产系统对比。结果表明:以某典型日为1个周期,本文设计系统的1次能源利用率比传统热电联产系统高3.2%,?效率高2.4%。     

气体绝缘输电线和气体绝缘开关设备在电厂中的应用

气体绝缘输电线(GIL)适用于大容量输电,尤其适用于空间有限而对环境要求较高的场所.GIL应用于电厂的突出优点是其具有较高的输送容量和可靠性,维护工作量小和绝缘长期稳定.GIL的直埋方式、室外安装方式以及隧道安装方式在电厂中可以根据技术经济最佳化的原则来选择应用.在电厂中开关系统使用气体绝缘开关设备(GIS)以及在输电系统使用GIL能够最大限度地实现电力传输系统的可靠性,这2种技术综合应用保证了输电系统的高效率,并使全寿命周期成本达到最低.     

Performance of frequency relays for distributed generation protection

This paper investigates the efficiency of under/over frequency relays for protection of distributed synchronous generators considering islanding detection and frequency-tripping requirements. Comparison between frequency and vector surge relays, which are islanding detection-dedicated devices, shows that the former can be as effective as the latter. This feature supports the idea that frequency relays can replace vector surge relays for islanding detection purpose. In this case, frequency relays must also meet the generator manufacturer recommendations and the utility frequency-tripping requirements. In order to investigate the relay capability to meet both necessities, it is proposed the concept of application region, which defines a region in the detection time versus active power imbalance space where frequency-based relays can be adjusted to satisfy the anti-islanding and frequency-tripping requirements simultaneously. The paper also presents a set of formulas to determine directly the application region.     

The first results of testing high-capacity power gas turbine plants

In combined-cycle units that have been commissioned within recent years at Russian thermal power stations, up-to-date models of high-capacity (from 260 to 290 MW) power gas turbine units (GTUs) were installed. In their schematic diagrams and designs some engineering solutions unusual for domestic practice have been implemented. In the course of tests carried out under operating conditions, there have been obtained high efficiencies of both GTUs themselves (from 36 to 39%) and their turbine machines: compressors and turbines, low design NO _x emissions at operating loads, and favorable performance characteristics in a wide range of loads and environmental conditions.     

关于广东发展液化天然气电厂必要性的分析

当前,国民经济的高速发展加速了电力工业的发展,为此,阐述了电力工业发展存在的若干问题。通过对广东省发电能源结构的分析,论述发展液化天然气(LNG)电厂的必要性,LNG电厂在电网中主要用于调峰和带中间负荷,其建设周期短、设备灵活、环境代价低。结合广东省电力工业的现状及远景规划,发展LNG电厂是可行的而且是必要的。     

调峰调频发电公司经营管理能力评价研究

随着电力市场化改革进程的加快,作为保障电网安全、稳定运行的基本服务公司,调峰调频发电公司的管理日趋专业化.结合调峰调频发电公司的实际,建立其经营管理评价指标体系;基于标杆管理原理及雷达图评价方法,建立了标杆管理在调峰调频发电公司经营管理能力评价中的应用模型,对指标体系的处理及使用进行了分析.通过算例对上述模型的使用进行具体阐述.     

Assessing the economics of newbuild gas plants in the PJM market

Over the past several years, an unprecedented amount of new capacity has been added to the PJM footprint, at a time of negligible electricity demand growth, a shift towards policy-backed resources, and the emergence of new technologies. This report explores the potential equity investor returns for planned combined cycle gas turbines in PJM. Analysis results indicate that the current tranche of plants straddles target IRRs in the mid-teens.     

西门子燃气轮机配套发电机结构及变频启动系统

上海电气集团股份有限公司引进西门子技术生产的THDF108/53型汽轮发电机,是与F级单轴燃气轮机组相配套的汽轮发电机。介绍了该型汽轮发电机的技术规范、性能特点、主要结构特点以及辅助系统特点,重点介绍了F级燃机发电机组的变频启动方式与系统结构。该型发电机性能优良,符合相关国际国内标准要求。     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组轴系配置的思考

燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组因高效、节能、环保而越来越受到重视,为此,从我国当前大力发展燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组的实际情况出发,全面分析联合循环机组轴系的配置型式及其影响,重点比较了单轴和多轴“2拖1”机组在设备投资、占地面积、建设周期、起动停机、功率和效率、检修和控制系统方面的优缺点,为燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电新机组建设的轴系配置提供参考。     

发电机组参与电网一次调频的特性研究

一次调频是确保电力系统频率稳定的主要途径之一,但目前采用DEH(数字式电液)控制系统的发电机组,通过调节系统设置较大的调频死区,切除一次调频的控制作用,大大降低了一次调频在突发性事故中稳定电网频率的作用。为研究发电机组参与电网一次调频的特性,建立了3区域互联系统的数学模型,并通过仿真试验,分析研究了不同的调频死区参数设置条件下,电网稳定所需要的一次调频容量,确定电网负荷扰动大小与机组调频容量之间的关系,对于指导电网中发电机组调节系统的参数设置和调整以及电网一次调频容量的确定具有重要的指导意义。     

Performance of demodulation-based frequency measurement algorithms used in typical PMUs

This paper presents a method for evaluating the performance of demodulation-based frequency measurement algorithms in the presence of additive interfering sinusoids. Determination of the performance of amplitude measurement schemes under such conditions is straightforward once the frequency responses of the filters involved in the process are known, since the error induced by a single interfering tone is easily computed using the cascade algorithm's frequency response magnitude. This paper presents a similar method for predicting the worst error of frequency measurement schemes with respect to sinusoidal interference. Once acquainted with the proposed error prediction formula, the only difficulty in designing effective frequency measurement algorithms is the appropriate selection of output filters to achieve the specified performance. The method has been used successfully in designing frequency measurement algorithms currently used in Hydro-Que/spl acute/bec's special protection schemes.     

Performance of three algorithms for frequency measurement under transient conditions

This article compares the transient performance of three algorithms for electric frequency measurement. The algorithms are based on different techniques: (a) measurement of intervals between zero-crossings; (b) adjustment of points to a sinusoidal waveform; and (c) measurement of phase shift between fundamental components of Discrete Fourier Transform. The comparison was performed by application of the three algorithms to signals obtained by numerical simulation and to voltage waveforms sampled in experimental cases. For the case of numerically simulated signals, a theoretical frequency was defined as a reference value for the comparison with the measured values. In the experimental sampled waveforms, the effect of abrupt signal changes and the effect of filters are shown. The characteristics of the filters were selected to obtain a similar time delay in the measurement of a step in the frequency. With such filters, the three algorithms showed a similar transient behavior in all the analyzed cases. The analysis of the effect of harmonic distortion in the voltage signal is out of the scope of this article.     

粉煤灰分选设备性能及其在电厂中应用的效益分析

对粉煤灰分选设备的结构、工作原理、工艺流程和性能特点进行了阐述,并以深圳妈湾电厂25t/h粉煤灰分选设备为例,对其投资及投产后的经济效益进行了分析,证明采用粉煤灰分选设备具有显著的经济效益。     

电站用T91钢的性能及焊接

从化学成分，合金化原理，室温力学性能，高温力学性能，焊接接头的微观特点，焊接裂纹敏感性等几个方面系统介绍了T01钢的研究现状，并指出掌握T91钢的焊接和高温运行行为，克服其焊缝韧性劣化倾向及HAZ蠕变断裂强度下降，以充分发挥母材潜力，是T91钢的焊接研究急需突破的技术难题和紧迫任务。     

电厂辅机变频调速系统的滑模自适应鲁棒控制

针对电厂辅机（风机和泵类）电机变频调速控制系统非线性、响应慢、扰动大等问题,提出辅机变频调速系统的滑模自适应鲁棒控制（SMARC）方法,利用SMARC能够实时逼近系统输入系数的特性,将系统模型误差、外界干扰造成的系统内部参数变化等问题减小到最小范围,通过滑模控制消除电机变频调速转速跟踪误差,实现电机对给定运行转速的高精度跟踪。对某燃气轮机辅机开式水系统SMARC进行仿真和实际应用,结果表明:在变频调速电机启动瞬间和达到稳定转速后,正常运行过程中突加转矩,SMARC具有较强的转速跟踪能力,抗负载扰动比传统的PID控制更具优势,且超调量小;在电机启动过程中,SMARC误差仅为1.75%;现场实际应用也证明本文方法有效可行。     

发电厂高压变频器选型和存在问题的探讨

随着高压变频调速技术日趋成熟。韶关电厂于2005年首先对一台200MW机组的引风机进行高压变频调速改造试用，结合本厂的实际应用经验，对高压变频器选型与应用时应注意的技术问题进行阐述．同时对实际应用中存在的问题进行了分析。     

1000MW机组一次调频性能优化

针对超超临界直流百万机组在一次调频时响应滞后、积分电量少的问题,提出了对数字电液调节系统(DEH)、协调控制系统(CCS)中与一次调频相关的控制策略进行优化的改进方案.在现场试验中,解决了一次调频动作时百万机组功率响应滞后、实际积分电量少的问题.首次在西门子补汽阀控制技术下的超超临界直流百万机组上成功地进行了一次调频优化试验,对汽机主控指令中压力修正环节采用动态分离,确保一次调频动作时,汽机调门不会出现逆向调节.在国内超超临界直流百万机组实际运行中,采用减少低压抽汽来弥补极端工况下机组一次调频能力的不足.研究成果有效提高了百万机组的一次调频能力,有利于提高电网频率质量和安全稳定运行水平.     

燃煤电厂排烟方式对比研究

比较计算燃煤电厂烟气的抬升高度和落地空气质量浓度,讨论通过常规的烟囱排放或通过冷却塔排放哪种方式更有利于空气环境质量的改善。计算方法采用德国标准规范的烟团抬升模式和污染物扩散模式。比较方案选择了冷却塔和烟囱各3种设计方案。计算结果表明,使用149.6m高的冷却塔排放烟气,其抬升高度明显高于其他方案,其一次性落地空气质量浓度明显小于其他方案;使用120m高的冷却塔和240m烟囱排放烟气,其抬升高度和一次性落地空气质量浓度结果相当;210m烟囱不加GGH方案的情况为最差。