雪茄风味卷烟纸在卷烟中的感官作用研究

选取3种雪茄风味香精(1~#、2~#和3~#)分别制备加香卷烟纸,并应用于雪茄型卷烟进行感官评价。结果表明,与空白卷烟相比,3~#香精制备的卷烟纸能够丰富雪茄型卷烟嗅香,显著提升抽吸感官品质,增强雪茄风格。利用溶剂萃取结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析3~#香精制备的加香卷烟纸中的挥发性成分。结果表明,溶剂萃取最佳条件为：水为溶剂,提取温度40℃,提取时间2 h。此外,GC-MS共鉴定出50种挥发性成分,其中烟碱(114.61μg/g)、乙基香兰素(82.7μg/g)、香兰素(73.78μg/g)、苯甲醇(52.69μg/g)、乙基麦芽酚(48.44μg/g)、6-甲基香豆素(26.38μg/g)等化合物的含量较高。     

香兰素对卷烟主流烟气中挥发性成分的影响

目的了解食用香料香兰素对卷烟主流烟气的香味及挥发性成分的影响,为香兰素在卷烟中的致香作用及加香效果提供科学依据。方法利用吸烟机抽吸,剑桥滤片和吸收瓶捕集主流烟气,用GC/MS分析了添加有香兰素的卷烟和空白对比卷烟的所捕集烟气挥发性化学成分,并研究其挥发性化学成分的变化差异,评价香兰素对卷烟烟气香味成分及有害成分的影响。结果香兰素能很好地迁移到卷烟烟气中。结论在本实验中,香兰素能有效地提高卷烟烟气中的香味成分。     

基于离子迁移谱技术的不同赋香卷烟纸致香成分分析

以来自3个厂家23个批次的赋香卷烟纸样品为研究对象,采用顶空-气相色谱-离子迁移谱(HS-GC-IMS)技术对其致香成分进行检测,基于指纹图谱分析不同样品致香成分差异,利用统计学评价赋香卷烟纸的稳定性。结果表明：从不同赋香卷烟纸中共鉴定出29种已知致香成分,种类最多的为醇类和酮类物质;不同厂家生产的卷烟纸样品的致香成分有各自的特征峰区域,且呈现明显差异;主成分分析、偏最小二乘回归分析、夹角余弦相似度分析均表明,不同厂家卷烟纸致香成分均稳定性较好且存在一定的差异,可据此区分不同厂家的卷烟纸样品,有助于赋香卷烟纸溯源鉴别。     

甜橙香胶囊滤棒对烟气有害成分及卷烟香气特性的影响

为探讨胶囊滤棒对卷烟产品烟气指标的影响,制备了甜橙香胶囊、滤棒及试验卷烟,考察了甜橙香胶囊滤棒对焦油及七种烟气有害成分释放量、卷烟危害性指数和卷烟香气特征的影响.结果表明:甜橙香胶囊滤棒可减少焦油及七种烟气有害成分的释放量、降低卷烟危害性指数;甜橙香胶囊滤棒使一支烟具有两种不同的香气特征和口味,可改变卷烟的功能特性,捏破胶囊后,烤烟型卷烟转变为外香型卷烟,具有清甜香、甜橙香,且烟香谐调.     

卷烟纸技术研究进展

卷烟纸是卷烟辅料之一,虽然仅占整支烟的小部分,但由于其影响烟支燃烧时的空气流量并且直接参与燃烧,因此会影响卷烟燃烧性能及燃烧后的烟气化学成分。卷烟纸技术与卷烟品质关系密切,是调控烟气成分、改善抽吸品质、拓展卷烟性能的重要途径。本文主要综述卷烟纸的技术研究成果,分别从卷烟降焦减害、增香保润、新型烟草制品以及功能化卷烟纸等方面进行了阐述,最后对卷烟纸的研究方向进行了展望,期望对烟用卷烟纸的开发提供新思路。     

婴儿奶粉里的香兰素

问:香兰素是什么? 答:香兰素又称"香草醛""香兰醛",有奶香味,最早提取自香荚兰豆,目前以人工合成为主.它是世界上用途最广、用量最大的香精,常见于乳制品、巧克力、冰淇淋、蛋糕等. 问:乙基香兰素是什么? 答 :乙基香兰素是人工合成的,与天然香兰素结构类似,香味更浓郁.两者常常被统称为"香兰素".     

基于香气活性值的烟草提取物成分分析及感官作用评价

为探究烟草提取物中香韵特征成分对卷烟风格特征的影响,采用亚临界萃取-分子蒸馏技术,制备了产自福建、贵州、湖南的3种烟草提取物,考查焦甜香、奶香、豆香、辛香、果香、酸香、坚果香、花香特征成分在3种烟草提取物中的质量浓度及香气活性值(OAV)分布,通过嗅香和卷烟抽吸评价OAV的改变对烟草提取物风格特征的影响。结果表明：福建、贵州、湖南3种烟草提取物的香韵特征成分总质量浓度分别为2 427.62μg/mL、3 688.96μg/mL、4 628.06μg/mL;焦甜香、奶香、酸香和花香在3种烟草提取物中占比不同,福建烟草提取物以花香、焦甜香和奶香为主,贵州烟草提取物和湖南烟草提取物均以酸香和花香为主,但两种香韵在不同烟草提取物中的OVA占比不同;依据3种提取物香韵特征成分OAV的差异,在福建烟草提取物的基础上定向补加各香韵特征成分的代表性成分,复配物的清香型风格特征弱化,浓香型风格特征逐渐增强。     

6种不同香型白茶香气成分的GC-MS分析

采用顶空进样结合气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）测定青草香型、花香型、毫香型、粽叶香型、枣香型和药香型6种香型白茶的香气成分。利用聚类分析法与主成分分析法,分析6种不同香型白茶的香气成分差异。结果表明,6种不同香型白茶共检测出48种香气成分。其中,青草香型白茶以芳樟醇、1-戊烯-3-醇、己醛、顺-3-己烯醇和2-甲基丁醛等为主要特征成分;花香型白茶以芳樟醇、1-戊烯-3-醇、己醛、2-甲基丁醛和香叶醇等为主要特征成分;毫香型白茶以芳樟醇、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛、己醛和香叶醇等为主要特征成分;粽叶香型白茶以1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛、己醛、芳樟醇和2-乙基呋喃等为主要特征成分;枣香型白茶以1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛、己醛、芳樟醇和顺-3-己烯醇等为主要特征成分;药香型白茶以1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛、芳樟醇、己醛和2-乙基呋喃等为主要特征成分。聚类分析将6种香型白茶分为两大类型,青草香型、毫香型和花香型聚为一类,而粽叶香型、枣香型和药香型聚为另一类。其中1-戊烯-3-醇和芳樟醇是区分6种不同白茶香型的重要香气组分。     

老白干香型白酒香气成分分析

采用液液萃取法萃取老白干香型白酒中的香气成分,通过气相色谱-闻香法（GC-O）和气质联用（GC-MS）技术对老白干香型白酒中的香气成分进行了分析鉴定,共检测到了107种香气成分,鉴定出了其中的90种,其中对老白干香型白酒整体香气贡献大的香气成分有4-乙基愈创木酚、乙酸-2-苯乙酯、丁酸、3-甲基丁醇（异戊醇）、β-苯乙醇、2-乙酰基-5-甲基呋喃、苯丙酸乙酯、1-壬内酯、3-甲基丁酸（异戊酸）、香兰素、乙酸乙酯、1,1-二乙氧基-3-甲基丁烷和（2,2-二乙氧基乙基）苯等物质,这些香气成分是老白干香型白酒的重要香气成分。     

两种加香方式下7种葡萄糖苷配基在烟气中的裂解转移规律

目的:研究7种葡萄糖苷添加到卷烟纸上裂解产生的糖苷配基在主流和侧流烟气中的转移规律。方法:将5-甲基糠醇葡萄糖苷、薄荷醇葡萄糖苷、大茴香醇葡萄糖苷、叶醇葡萄糖苷、苯乙醇葡萄糖苷、乙基香兰素葡萄糖苷和香兰素葡萄糖苷7种单体香料按烟丝重量的0.01%分别涂抹到卷烟纸表面和注射到卷烟中,测定两种加香方式下其裂解的糖苷配基在主流烟气和侧流烟气中的裂解转移率,在此基础上分别以0.001%,0.010%,0.050%的添加量涂抹到卷烟纸上,测定7种糖苷配基在主、侧流烟气中的转移率。结果:烟丝加香方式下7种糖苷配基在主流烟气中的转移率高于卷烟纸加香方式,而侧流烟气中的转移率与之相反;糖苷配基在主流烟气和侧流烟气中转移率最高的为5-甲基糠醇,最低的为薄荷醇,其他依次为叶醇、大茴香醇、苯乙醇、乙基香兰素和香兰素;0.001%添加量条件下,7种糖苷配基在主流、侧流烟气中的转移率分别为0.27%~1.24%,0.42%~1.71%,0.010%添加量下分别为0.38%~1.87%,0.54%~2.52%,0.050%添加量下分别为0.31%~1.56%,0.47%~2.19%。结论:3个添加量下,7种糖苷配基在侧流烟气中的转移率均高于主流烟气中的;糖苷配基在主流和侧流烟气中均表现出随添加量的增加先增加后降低的趋势。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press