Turkish diasporic responses to the Taksim Square protests: Legacy media and social media uses in Belgium,the Netherlands and Germany

Based on an offline and online survey of 967 people of Turkish origin living in these countries, we test how legacy and social media have influenced the participation of the members of the Turkish diaspora in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands in the mid-2013 protests in Turkey’s social movement referred to as Gezi Park. This study also investigates how living in Europe can influence the behavior and attitudes of the sampled individuals from the Turkish Diaspora of Germany, Belgium and Netherlands during the period when the Gezi Park demonstration took place. Our results make it clear that social media were used by those who supported the protest movement, while those who opposed the protest movement primarily used or followed traditional sources of media, including Turkish and European television. Furthermore, supporters amongst the diaspora for the Gezi-protests were primarily active in accruing social capital through bonding and social networking among those who belong to the Turkish diaspora under the guise of the Gezi Park protests. Finally, a significant number of the supporters of the protests in the three countries took part in several different means of supporting the movement, including: disseminating awareness about the Gezi protests through social media, engaging in meetings, and in some cases, even severing contact with friends and acquaintances who did not share their support for the protest movement.     

Deliberative Performance of Television News in Three Types of Democracy: Insights from the United States,Germany, and Russia

We show that television news is considerably more deliberative in established (United States, Germany) than in defective democracies (Russia) and slightly more deliberative in a power‐sharing political system (Germany) than in a power‐concentrating system (United States). We further demonstrate that public‐service channels, nonpartisan programs, and in‐depth news shows make stronger overall contributions toward deliberativeness than their respective counterparts. While national news cultures produce distinct national styles of mediated deliberation, individual channels in the United States (Fox, CNN) and Russia (REN) cut across these national patterns. The significance of deliberative media content for citizens and political elites is discussed.     

Social participation of the elderly in China: The roles of conventional media,digital access and social media engagement

China is the most rapidly aging country and has the largest aging population in the world. However, social participation is an important intervention to boost the active and healthy aging. The present study investigated the effects of media usage, together with social-demographics and health variables, on Chinese older adults. Drawing upon a national research project with a representative sample (N = 1,399) of older adults (55+) from 58 cities in China, the research findings revealed that conventional media, digital access and social media usage had positive effects on older adults’ informal social participation, while age moderated the relationship between informal social participation and digital access, particularly regarding access to tablet PCs and smartphones. Moreover, conventional media, digital access and social media engagement largely explained seniors’ formal social participation regardless of their social-demographic backgrounds. Finally, the roles of conventional media and digital media in older adults’ social participation are discussed.     

The Data Age of Mobile Cellular Network in Germany and China: Policies, Technologies and Markets (Part Ⅰ)

<正>The UMTS auction in 2000 brought approximately 100 billion DM(Deutsche Mark)for the German National Treasury.T-Mobile(D1-Netz),Vodafone(D2-Netz),E-Plus(E1-Netz)and O2(E2-Netz)have gradually evolved from GSM to full-fledged UMTS operators over the past years.The conglomerate of China Telecom was split twice.China acceded to WTO and promulgated the FITE Provisions.MIIT(Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)became the regulator and China Netcom was incorporated into China Unicom in 2008.Most recently the layout of 3G future has been reconfirmed by MIIT.Voice service has remained the main source of income in both countries and operators have continued to focus on voice quality and network availability in their respective 2G networks.Because value-added and higher-speed data applications have been gaining market attention,2.5G and 3G infrastructure has increasingly become the focal network strategy for the operators since the beginning of the new century.Germany has rolled out WCDMA/UMTS services on a large scale in the consumer market,while China has adopted all three 3G standards(TD-SCDMA,WCDMA/UMTS, CDMA2000),which shall gradually capture a wider 3G subscriber base.The summary shows that the development of the cellular technology and market in Germany and China can be discussed in three distinct historical periods.The conclusion suggests that the case of the cellular technology appears to be consistent with and applicable to a number of arguments widely disputed in economics and management related to technology and innovation,such as dominant design,technology waves/ S-Curve,disruptive technologies,Technology Adoption Life Cycle.     

The many faces of (soft) power,democracy and the Internet

Starting from a brief roundup of the correlation between ICTs and politics in Asia, and especially China, this introduction to a special issue on China explores a number of the more political and technological issues related to power and the Internet. It highlights some opportunities and dangers from a democratic technology perspective.     

Yearning to be the center of everything,when we are the center of nothing: The parallels and reversals in chaco,hubble, and facebook

Humans have long sought to map their place in the cosmos and then situate their selves at the center of the universe. These patterns are displayed at three radically different sites — the Sun Dagger in Chaco Canyon, the Hubble Space Telescope, and social media and Facebook. Drawing from Marshall McLuhan, this article will theorize the parallels and reversals in these sites, where cosmological discoveries of the expanding universe have been countered by technological innovations involving electronic screens, such that social media counters space telescopes, cyberspace counters outer space, and Facebook counters Hubble. Perhaps the “revolution” of social media merely parallels other cultural reversals, all of which seek to return humans to the center of the universe, when we are the center of nothing. And this desire and delusion to be at the center of everything lies at the heart of contemporary issues facing the global civilization.     

The Synthesis of Quarter-Wave Transformers, Low-Pass and Half-Wave Filters in the Sine Plane (Letters)

This letter presents a method for synthesizing quarter-wave Chebyshev transformers, low-pass and half-wave filters. The method uses sine-plane synthesis which greatly simplifies the numerical calculations and allows one to obtain good numerical accuracy using just a desk calculator. Equations for the transmission coefficient are given in a simplified form.     

The transverse electrooptic modulator (TEOM): fabrication,properties, and applications in the assessment of waveguide electroopticcharacteristics

The fabrication of a novel electrooptic modulator with a transverse electrode geometry, formed by parallel electrodes on opposite faces of a thinned lithium niobate substrate straddling a strip waveguide, is reported. The device, referred to as a transverse electrooptic modulator (TEOM), has several advantages over standard electrooptic waveguide modulators using a coplanar electrode geometry. It is shown that it is possible to achieve a 30% reduction in the operating voltage for a given electrode spacing and a substantial reduction in the figure of merit, the power required per unit bandwidth, for electrooptic modulators with either lumped or traveling wave electrode structures. Moreover, a more accurate estimate of the electrooptic coefficients is possible than with modulators using strip waveguides and coplanar electrodes     

The interplay of electronic structure,molecular orientation and charge transport in organic semiconductors: Poly(thiophene) and poly(bithiophene)

Ultrathin films of poly(thiophene) (PT) and poly(bithiophene) (PBT) were prepared by electrochemical route using ionic liquid (BFEE) as medium and electrolyte. Distinct morphologies and electrical properties were observed in these materials. To evaluate its response in photovoltaics, these films were used as active layer in bilayer geometry solar cells with the electron acceptor molecule C₆₀. The best performance was observed for PT films. In order to probe the differences in molecular dynamics and structural order, ultrafast electron dynamics in the low-femtosecond regime was evaluated by resonant Auger spectroscopy using the core–hole clock method at the sulfur K absorption edge. Electron delocalization times for the different polymeric films were derived as a function of the excitation energy. Photoabsorption measurements were conducted and molecular orientation derived. These results corroborated with the morphology found for these films and thus the performance of PT and PBT in the devices, and with the proposed conduction mechanism.     

The level of local charge-neutrality and pinning of the Fermi level in irradiated nitrides wz-III-N (BN,AlN, GaN,InN)

On the basis of the density functional theory and general gradient approximation and the method of special points, the electronic spectra and the energy position of the local charge-neutrality level are calculated for the wurtzite BN, AlN, GaN, and InN compounds with the use of different heuristic models. It is shown that, with an increasing atomic mass of the cation in the wz-III-N compounds, the charge-neutrality level shifts from the position near the midgap in the BN and AlN, to the upper part of the band gap in GaN, and to the allowed energy region of the conduction band in InN. Such shifts define the semi-insulator properties of BN and AlN, the n-type conductivity of GaN, and the n ⁺-type conductivity of InN on saturation of the wz-III-N compounds with intrinsic defects induced by high-energy irradiation.     

The role of surface adsorbates in the metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial growth of (Hg,Cd)Te onto (100) GaAs Substrates

It has been established that a compound present as an impurity in the propan-2-ol used in the preparation of GaAs (100) substrates for the metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy growth of (Hg,Cd)Te has a marked effect on the crystalline perfection and surface morphology of the resulting layers. In particular, the presence of this species, which contains Na, ensures that (i) the epitaxial overgrowth is of (100) orientation without the need for ZnTe nucleation layers, and (ii) the density of pyramidal hillocks on the surface can be reproducibly < 10 cm⁻².     

Structure of chemically deposited Zn(S,O,OH) buffer layer and the effects on the performance of Cu(in,Ga)Se2 solar cell

The effects of the immersion into a NH₃ aqueous solution on the structural characteristics of the chemically deposited Zn(S,O,OH) layer and photovoltaic performance of the CIGS/Zn(S,O,OH) solar cells were investigated with structural and electrical characterizations. The as‐deposited‐Zn(S,O,OH) layer possessed a layered structure of upper Zn(OH)₂ and Zn(S,O) layers, and the upper Zn(OH)₂ layer was removed by the immersion. The conversion efficiency for the CIGS solar cell was improved from 6.8% to 13.7% by removing the upper Zn(OH)₂ layer during the immersion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

读图及多屏时代科普与动漫游并肩发展

本文认为当下现代人已经逐步进入了快速阅读的时代,用一目了然的内容来激发人们的求知欲已经逐渐成为目前科学知识普及的趋势。动漫游的表现特质高度契合了科学普及的诉求,拥有表现形式通俗、直观,受众范围存在大面积交集的特点,是科普活动的天然盟友。伴随着泛在时代、读图时代、多屏时代的到来,伴随着终端技术的不断发展,科普内容与动漫游表现形式的结合,将作为相关产业发展新的突破点。     

塑封微电路在高可靠领域的应用、筛选与鉴定

主要介绍了塑封微电路(PEM)在高可靠领域的应用,并总结了JPL和NASA实验室推荐的筛选与鉴定试验程序,提出了在高可靠领域使用PEM时应考虑因素,旨在为我高可靠领域应用PEM提供可借鉴的试验方法.     

数字电视中NVOD的系统结构与应用

NVOD是有线数字电视增值业务的一个重要组成部分,主要由视频服务器和前端其他设备以及终端构成。分析基于有线数字电视的NVOD特点、系统结构和工作原理,重点介绍相关的SI信息及码流结构、在机顶盒上应用的搜索过程和类型名称的对应显示。     

钛酸钡铅系半导瓷元件化学镀镍过程中之电性能变化机理

化学镀镍过程对ＰＴＣＲ及ＭＬＣＣ等元件的电性能，往往会产生负面效应，其中氢离子引起的还原作用不可忽视，其主要机理是增加了载流子浓度和改变了晶粒边界势垒。     

The relative stabilities of tungsten hexacarbonyl,silver neodecanoate some metal acetyl- and hexafluoroacetylacetonates and the thermal properties of the palladium(II) acetonates

The relative stabilities of silver neodecanoate, tungsten hexacarbonyl, and a seriesof metal acetyl- and hexafluoroacetyl- acetonates, were determined using differential ther-mal analysis (DTA) and weight loss analysis. In general, the acetylacetonates decom-pose in the solid state at relatively low temperatures (100-200° C), with several of them exhibiting appreciable vapor pressures at temperatures below which their decomposi-tion rate is significant. Hexaf luoro derivatives of these compounds are, in general, more volatile and decompose at higher temperatures. The thermal decomposition behavior of palladium(II) acetylacetonate and palladium(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate were each investigated using DTA at atmospheric pressure and under each compound’s equilib-rium or decomposition product(s) vapor pressure in conjunction with weight loss and residue composition analysis. At the heating rates employed, ≤2° C/min, palladium(II) acetylacetonate tends to decompose upon heating in either an inert or oxidizing atmo-sphere before significant quantities volatilize. On the other hand, palladium(II) hex-afluoroacetylacetonate tends to volatilize completely before any signs of decomposition are observed under the same conditions. Heating palladium(II) acetylacetonate in ar-gon, at ≤2° C/min, shows the onset of an endotherm at approximately 196° C, at the conclusion of which a product containing 75% palladium was found, the remainder com-prised of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. In an oxidizing atmosphere at the above men-tioned heating rate, Palladium(II) acetylacetonate decomposes exothermically at 180° C yielding essentially pure palladium. Continued heating in oxygen, to 800° C results in pure PdO. At 900° C, the PdO decomposes yielding pure palladium. Depending upon the heating rates applied, one or two endotherms may be observed during the heating of palladium(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate. Heating at 2° C/min in either an argon or ox-ygen atmosphere, results in an endothermic transition due to fusion at 105° C in argon (101° C in oxygen), followed by a second endothermic transition at 231° C in argon (223° C in oxygen), due to the normal boiling point being achieved. If heating rates are slow enough,e.g. 0.1° C/min, complete volatilization may occur before the normal boiling point is reached.     

HA在纳米分子筛MCM-41中光谱特性研究

详细研究了HA(竹红菌甲素)在分子筛MCM-41中的光谱特性。观察到HA在强激光脉冲激发下产生了双光子吸收,指认长波荧光发射带为激发态质子转移荧光。结果表明,只有在强光作用下才会发生激发态质子转移。