Drawing, Form and Architecture: Two Projects for First-Year Students

Two recent projects for a first-year course in drawing for architecture students have been organized by Sylvie Duvernoy, Michela Rossi and Kay Bea Jones. The first, a four-phase program centering around a tour of the architecture of the Midwest in the United States, was implemented in Spring 2008. The second, a day-long seminar on designs for temporary architecture, took place in December 2008. In both, the use of mathematical concepts to provide an underlying organization for the generation of architectural form was fundamental.     

Nexus 2010: Relationships between Architecture and Mathematics

The eighth edition of the international, interdisciplinary Nexus conference on architecture and mathematics took place from Sunday 13 June through Tuesday 15 June 2010, in Porto, Portugal.     

The Past, Present, and Future for Software Architecture

It's been 10 years since David Garlan and Mary Shaw wrote their seminal book Software Architecture Perspective on an Emerging Discipline, since Maarten Boasson edited a special issue of IEEE Software on software architecture, and since the first International Software Architecture Workshop took place. What has happened over these 10 years? What have we learned? Where do we look for information? What's the community around this discipline? And where are we going from here?This article is part of a focus section on software architecture.     

Nexus 2012: Relationships Between Architecture and Mathematics

The ninth edition of the biennial conference series “Nexus: Relationships Between Architecture and Mathematics” took place at the Politecnico di Milan in June 2012. There are many connections between architecture and mathematics: mathematic principles may be used as a basis for an architectural design, or as a tool for analyzing an existing monument; architecture may be a concrete expression of mathematical ideas, becoming, in a sense, “visual mathematics”. The purpose of the Nexus conference series is to bring together all those working with ideas related to both architecture and mathematics, and to allow researchers to exchange ideas first-hand. Papers presented at the conference are published in the Nexus Network Journal, providing a permanent archive of studies in architecture and mathematics, and in 2012 a special volume of papers from the Ph.D. Day and the poster session was published.     

The Requirements of Using Provenance in e-Science Experiments

In e-Science experiments, it is vital to record the experimental process for later use such as in interpreting results, verifying that the correct process took place or tracing where data came from. The process that led to some data is called the provenance of that data, and a provenance architecture is the software architecture for a system that will provide the necessary functionality to record, store and use process documentation to determine the provenance of data items. However, there has been little principled analysis of what is actually required of a provenance architecture, so it is impossible to determine the functionality they would ideally support. In this paper, we present use cases for a provenance architecture from current experiments in biology, chemistry, physics and computer science, and analyse the use cases to determine the technical requirements of a generic, technology and application-independent architecture. We propose an architecture that meets these requirements, analyse its features compared with other approaches and evaluate a preliminary implementation by attempting to realise two of the use cases.     

云计算环境下的一种高效的资源管理策略

近年,随着物联网相关研究工作的深入进行和新业务需求的日益增长,基于物联网技术的各种应用系统不断涌现。通常,人们希望智能物具有环境场所感知能力,因此提出一种基于物联网技术的场所感知应用系统。首先,围绕信息物品维、自主网络维、智能应用维3个维度构建该系统的体系结构,并分析了系统中主要实体间的关系;其次,讨论了体系结构中面向场所感知的专门部件的关键支撑技术及其发展方向,主要涉及环境物位姿传感、场所感知智能应用两个方面,其中,特别地给出一种物联网条件下可行的场所感知算法;最后,通过仿真实验验证了该系统的感知效果。     

工业机器人浇铸控制系统的设计与应用

根据浇铸机器人的功能需求和特点,设计了具有良好通用性和开放性的工业机器人浇铸控制系统的软硬件结构.以三轴浇铸机器人为应用实例,分析了其运动学正逆解算法,并根据实际生产需求,通过PLC程序中定义的M指令实现整个浇铸系统的I/O信号交互控制.实际应用结果表明,该浇铸控制系统有效地提高了浇铸生产效率,并且运行稳定可靠.     

Creativity for Engineering Plant Design: An Exploratory Study

A pilot study of creativity enhancement techniques took place within a large engineering firm in the UK. Exploratory interviews were carried out with professionals in the areas of creativity, mechanical design engineering and management in order to identify informally acquired skills of successful design practice.¹ Engineers participated in an introductory one day training programme applying creative techniques to real design problems from the heavy industrial engineering field. Initial feedback on the programme was recorded in addition to impact studies which took place after a ten-week interval. The impact of the programme was reported during the course of interviews which were complemented with the completion of detailed questionnaires. Results suggest that traditional training programmes for such professionals may need to be modified to become more user-friendly.     

直播服务器一般性框架体系设计

基于流媒体服务器设计框架,结合直播服务器本身的功能、特性,并综合考虑波动的网络环境对其的影响,给出一种适用于直播服务器的一般性的实现框架。在这个实现框架中直播服务器由四个功能模块组成:速率控制模块、差错控制模块、质量自适应模块以及缓冲区控制模块。这四个功能模块各自完成特定的功能,并相互协作以使直播服务器系统作为整体提供适应性的视频传输服务。对各功能模块之间的协作和互动关系作了详细的阐述。提出的框架体系可以根据应用需求进行灵活配置以得到适当的实现形式,对开发直播系统具有参考价值。     

KD60集群消息传递接口群集通信算法优化

大规模集群已经发展到多核的时代,多核架构对并行计算提出了新的要求。消息传递接口(MPI)是最常用的并行编程模型,而群集通信又是MPI中的重要组成部分。研究高效的群集通信算法对并行计算效率的提升有着重要的作用。KD60平台是采用首款国产多核芯片——龙芯3号搭建的国产万亿次多核集群。首先分析了KD60平台多核集群的体系特征以及多核架构下通信具有的层次性特征;然后分析原有群集通信算法实现原理及其不足;最后以广播为例,在原有算法基础上,采用一种基于片上多核(CMP)架构改进算法,改变原有算法通信模式,同时结合实验平台KD60体系特征,对算法做了体系相关优化。实验结果表明,改进算法能够很好地利用多核结构的特点,提高了群集通信广播算法的性能。     

ICN体系结构与技术研究

当前的互联网体系结构是基于终端间包交换的点到点连接通信架构。随着实时视频、话音等通信业务量的日益激增,由于TCP/IP体系固有结构的束缚,互联网传输、处理这些实时多媒体数据的能力受到越来越大的挑战,体现在效率低下、用户体验差。信息中心网络应运而生,它将内容与终端位置剥离,通过对内容进行命名和基于内容名字的路由开展了对互联网体系结构变革的研究探索。     

Impulse activated sparse cell array network in non-linear autoregressive process modeling

This paper introduces new neural network/fuzzy logic architecture called the impulse activated sparse cell array network (IASCAN) architecture. The motivation behind and origins of the new architecture are discussed. Its performance in non-linear dynamic system modeling using the Mackey Glass process which exhibits chaotic behavior is compared with that of Adaptive-Neuro Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS). This is done by comparing the root mean squared errors (RMSE) using training and checking data sets after the networks are trained with data taken from simulations of the Mackey Glass process. The same data sets are used in training and checking of errors for both the ANFIS networks and the new architecture for a direct comparison of performance. The results shows that the RMSEs of the new architecture were lower than that of the ANFIS networks with standard configuration of the problem even after many epochs of training. The errors were shown to approach that of the new architecture for equivalent order models only after increasing the numbers of Membership Functions (MFs) in the ANFIS model after which it took an extremely long time comparatively to produce a solution. The method is also uniquely extensible to the practical solution of high order problems. There are also other features that make this new architecture very promising.     

BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL MODELS OF INHERITANCE

By stripping well-known models of certain detail, we may obtain models which are more easily transferred across the gap between disciplines. This paper demonstrates how this process took place in one instance, leading to the solution of a problem which has long puzzled anthropologists by application of an abstraction of a model well-known to biologists.     

客户/服务器结构的数据安全性研究

提出了针对客户／服务器结构的数据安全性管理一种解决方法,在后台数据库和前台用户界面两个层次上提供了安全性保证,较好地防止了管理人员的误操作,增加了操作灵活性,并以实例加以说明。     

Trends in linear multivariable theory

The main contributions to the round-table discussion on linear multivariable theory which took place during the 5th IFAC Congress are summarised, and some conclusions reached about the trends which are apparent in the development of the subject. A set of background notes is provided, together with a list of references in which the work mentioned is described.     

(N) - LMP: an architecture for the OSI lower layers management

We propose an integrated architecture called (N)-LMP for network management which can be applied for both OSI local and large network environments. Noting that SNMP and CMIP are complementary and serve two different purposes, we propose to integrate these two approaches within a “CMIP-style” architecture. We also reduce the overhead introduced by CMIP which imposes the implementation of a complete connection-oriented protocol stack by noting that the right place to implement network management protocol for large networks is within the OSI network layer itself rather than in the application layer.     

Relation between meteorological conditions and the catching of red tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from the measurements of the TOVS and AVHRR sensors of the NOAA satellites

During the second half of the month of June 1997, a massive catch of red tuna (Thunnus thynnus) took place off the coast of Babarte (Spain), in contrast to the first half of that month when there was hardly any presence of this species.

The aim of this paper was to examine the relation between the high fishing productivity and the meteorological conditions under which the oceanic events to which the tuna fisheries were attracted took place. This was carried out through the analysis of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor data and the data from the Tiros‐N Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) probe of the NOAA‐14 satellite from 10 to 24 June 1997.

Results show that the formation of the fishing front was caused by an ocean–atmosphere energetic exchange, which was localized and described through the data transmitted from the NOAA satellites.     

Adding value to design and test through education: What are the challenges?

THE 6TH IEEE Latin American Test Workshop (LATW 05), took place from 30 March to 2 April 2005 in Salvador, Brazil. The workshop included a panel discussion on the challenges for modern design and test education, which attracted much attention from the audience.     

物联网体系结构研究与探讨

物联网是一个十分复杂而又庞大的系统,其体系结构是影响未来发展应用的关键所在。通过对现有物联网技术文献和体系结构实例的分析,提出了一种具有感知层、接入层、网络层和应用层的4层次物联网体系结构参考模型,并对各层所实现的主要功能进行了讨论阐述。这样一个通用的参考模型呈现出了泛在化、智能化的物联网基本特征。