水相酶解极性有机溶剂提取茶籽油工艺的研究

研究了不同条件下的水相酶解极性有机溶剂提取茶籽油工艺。采用乙醇为浸提剂同时提取油茶籽仁中的油脂和茶皂素,通过正交实验优化了提取工艺,结果表明,V_(乙醇)∶V_水=1∶2.5,料液比=1∶4,反应温度55℃,反应时间1.5 h。在此条件下,茶籽油的单次提油率58.91%,3次总提油率为99.82%,同时总粗茶皂素得率39.48%。该方法简单高效地得到了高品质的茶籽油,并且同时获得附加值高的副产物茶皂素,具有很高的实用价值。     

不同加工方式茶籽油挥发性风味成分聚类分析

分析不同加工工艺对茶籽油挥发性风味物质的影响,探索茶籽油特征风味物质。以物理压榨、精炼及溶剂浸提茶籽油为原料,采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)提取,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对挥发性风味成分进行鉴定。结果表明:茶籽油中风味物质以醛类化合物为主,壬醛和辛醛是其主要成分,烯烃类、酮类等其他成分受加工工艺变化的影响较为显著。物理压榨茶籽油中杂环类化合物峰面积比例明显高于精炼及溶剂浸提茶籽油,溶剂浸提茶籽油中酯类化合物峰面积比例是三者中最低的。根据关键挥发性物质聚类分析结果,E-2-辛烯醛和辛醛对茶籽油风味影响较为突出。     

响应面法优化亚临界水同步提取茶籽油及茶皂素的工艺

采用绿色亚临界水同步提取了油茶籽中的茶籽油及茶皂素。在考察提取温度、提取时间、料液比和压力对茶籽油及茶皂素提取率影响的基础上,进一步利用Box-Benhnken试验设计方法对提取工艺进行优化。用GC-MS对试验提取的茶籽油和索氏提取的茶籽油中的脂肪酸成分进行测量和比较。结果表明最佳工艺条件为:提取温度125℃、提取时间32 min、液料比11∶1 m L/g、压力3 MPa;在此条件下茶籽油提取率为(92.06±1.61)%、茶皂素提取率为(72.2±1.06)%。通过气质分析发现,与索氏提取法相比,试验提取的茶籽油不饱和脂肪酸含量更高,表明亚临界水法提取的茶籽油品质更优。     

水乳化萃取与冷冻破乳化释放组合提取茶籽油

采用湿法超微粉碎、水乳化萃取与冷冻破乳化释放的方法,以水为提取剂从茶籽仁中提取茶籽油。采用单因素及正交试验法,研究料液比、乳化萃取时间、冷冻温度、冷冻时间4个因素对茶籽油提取率的影响,优化水乳化萃取与冷冻破乳化释放组合提取茶籽油工艺条件。试验得到水乳化萃取与冷冻破乳化释放组合提取茶籽油的适宜工艺条件为料液比(茶籽仁与水的质量比)1∶4、乳化萃取时间4.0 min、冷冻温度-15℃、冷冻时间5.5 h,在此条件下茶籽油的提取率可达91.3%。     

提取工艺对茶籽油质量的影响分析

对压榨法、溶剂法、水酶法3种提取方法生产的茶籽油质量进行对比分析,研究结果表明,水酶法生产的茶籽油质量更好。     

乙醇-正己烷混合溶剂同时提取茶油和茶皂素技术的研究

研究了采用乙醇-正己烷混合溶剂一步法同时提取茶籽饼中的茶皂素和茶籽油的方法,确定了最佳工艺条件.研究试验表明:当乙醇浓度为70％,乙醇水溶液与正己烷的体积比为1∶1,浸出时间120 min,浸出温度55℃,料液比1∶2(m/v),混合油分层温度25℃时,在此条件下提取的浸出茶籽粕皂素含量≤1.0％,残油≤1.5％.     

橄榄叶多酚提取工艺优化及对山茶籽油氧化稳定性的影响

目的:研究橄榄油生产过程的副产品橄榄叶在食品工业中的应用。方法:以橄榄叶多酚得率为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上,利用Box-Behnken响应面法分析提取温度、提取时间、料液比对多酚得率的影响,并以过氧化值与酸价为指标,探究橄榄叶多酚对山茶籽油氧化稳定性的影响。结果:水浴法辅助提取橄榄叶中多酚物质的最优提取工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数50%,浸提时间1.0 h,料液比1∶40 (g/mL),水浴温度72℃,该条件下橄榄叶多酚得率为5.86%。橄榄叶多酚对山茶籽油具有良好的抗氧化效果,较丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)对山茶籽油抗氧化效果好,且与特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)及BHA具有协同增效作用。结论:优化工艺条件下提取的橄榄叶多酚对山茶籽油具有良好的抗氧化效果。     

溶剂提取蓝莓果渣中总黄酮的研究

研究了从废弃的蓝莓果渣中提取总黄酮的工艺,采用紫外分光光度法测定其含量,实验结果表明:乙醇为最佳的提取溶剂,最佳提取奈件为:60%乙醇为提取溶剂,按照1:18的料液比例,在80℃条件下回流提取3h.经实验验证得出,此条件下蓝莓果渣的总黄酮提取率可达5.8%.     

从富油新绿藻提取叶绿素的研究

为了探讨利用微藻生产天然食用色素叶绿素可能性及其工艺条件,以富油新绿藻为研究对象,首先研究通过提高培养基氮源含量来提高藻细胞叶绿素含量,然后针对提取溶剂配方、提取剂的用量、提取时间、提取温度等工艺条件进行实验,分析提取工艺参数对叶绿素提取效果的影响,对超声波辅助提取做了探讨,最后通过正交实验对提取条件进行了优化。结果表明,丙酮∶乙醇=1∶3的混合溶剂、溶剂用量为鲜藻泥质量的8倍、提取温度45℃、提取时间8h的工艺条件可以获得满意的提取效果。实验表明,在本文的微藻培养条件和优化的叶绿素提取条件下,富油新绿藻的叶绿素提取率可以达到53.69mg/g(藻干物质),实验结果还表明超声波处理对于富油新绿藻的叶绿素提取没有促进作用。     

超声场强化提取茶籽油动力学模型的研究

通过分析常规浸提过程中的传质机制及超声场对分子扩散传质的影响,在Fick第一定律的基础上研究了超声强化提取茶籽油的动力学模型,并与常规浸提动力学模型进行了比较。在不同的提取条件下对上述模型进行验证,结果表明:所建立的动力学模型与实验数据相吻合,可较好地模拟茶籽油的提取过程。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.