一种基于特征点的矢量地图水印算法

提出一种基于特征点的矢量地图水印算法。在嵌入水印信息前,采用Torus自同构映射对水印图像进行置乱处理,将矢量地图分割为指定数量顶点的曲线集合,选择曲线中角度最小的顶点作为特征点,在地图精度允许的范围内,通过改变该特征点的坐标值,将制作的水印图像重复嵌入到这些特征点中。实验结果表明,该算法不仅能获得较好的地图精度,且对压缩攻击和各种裁剪攻击也具有较强的鲁棒性。     

一种强抗压缩的矢量地图数据盲水印算法

针对矢量地图水印强鲁棒性、数据精度和盲检测等要求,提出一种强抗压缩能力的盲水印算法。首先对地图数据进行道格拉斯-普克算法压缩,然后通过改变相邻特征点所组成的三角形的形状嵌入水印。该算法在检测水印时无需原始地图,且对平移、旋转、缩放、随机增加顶点、裁剪和压缩等攻击具有非常强的抵抗能力。实验结果表明,该水印算法具有强鲁棒性、数据精度高以及实用性的优势。     

针对二维矢量图形数据的盲水印算法

矢量数字水印是图形数字产品和二维矢量地图知识产权保护的重要手段之一。提出了一种针对二维矢量图形和二维矢量地图数据的盲水印算法。首先通过遍历矢量图形数据,动态获取容差值,并利用道格拉斯-普克算法提取出二维矢量图形数据中曲线的所有特征点,然后在容差值范围内对特征点嵌入水印信息。提取水印时,通过算法的逆变换过程,可以获得嵌入的水印信息。通过对嵌入水印后的矢量图形进行随机增加、删除坐标点,以及矢量图形的裁剪、坐标点的压缩攻击实验,分析提取出的水印图像的相关系数,结果证明所提的算法具有较强的鲁棒性。     

用于矢量地图完整性验证的脆弱数字水印算法

分析了矢量地图内容完整性认证的常用方法及矢量地图数字水印研究现状,提出将矢量地图分块,以数据块为计算单位,将水印信息嵌入在矢量地图数据中,不仅能验证矢量地图的完整性,还能将篡改的定位能力精确到数据块,嵌入了水印信息的矢量地图仍有使用价值,在对数据精度要求极高的情况下,可以通过数据完整性验证提取出原始矢量地图数据,更好地满足一些特殊应用的需求。     

矢量地图的恢复

本文讨论了一种根据计算机图形学中空间分布的型值点来构造插值样条曲线的造型方法，该方法能对矢量地图的数据进行恢复。     

WebGIS系统中矢量数据的压缩与化简方法综述

空间数据的压缩对于空间数据网络传输以及提高整个WebGIS系统的效率来说是一项很重要的工作。该文针对WebGIS系统中矢量数据压缩问题进行了总结与综述。首先分析了矢量数据压缩的重要性,并对矢量数据压缩技术进行了详细的分类,然后重点分析与比较了Douglas-Peucker压缩方法与小波技术压缩方法,最后简单讨论了WebGIS系统中矢量数据的网络传输策略。     

六角格网的弧线矢量数据量化拟合方法

兵棋地图矢量化是指将地理信息因子以属性形式映射到以六角网格为组织结构的兵棋地图中的过程.由于地理信息连通结构复杂,其中包含大量的有向弧段数据,如何在保持原有拓扑连接的前提下快速准确地量化到六角网格一直是一个困难的问题.对此,提出一种串序匹配拟合方法.首先依据有向弧段生成所穿越的匹配单元序列;然后对每个匹配单元依据离散Fréchet距离确定最佳的拟合六角格边;最后寻找并连接各条有向格边序列的连通端点,形成连通图.实验结果表明,文中方法可以在线性时间内完成大量弧段的量化拟合计算;同时,由于在量化中弧段间的连接节点被调整到格点,各弧段间的连接关系可在拟合过程中得以保持;串序匹配拟合方法具有很好的适应性和很高的效率.     

网络环境下地图的混沌加密实用算法

针对地图的存储特性，提出了一个混沌序列加密算法．该算法首先用单向Hash函数把密钥散列为混沌映射的迭代初值，混沌序列经过数次迭代后才开始取用；然后将迭代生成的混沌序列值映射为ASCII码后与地图数据逐字节进行异或运算．考虑到实际计算中的有限精度效应，随步长改变混沌映射参数．采用实际的地图数据，经与DES及A5算法的比较表明，该算法效率高、保密性好、使用简单。     

基于坐标映射的矢量地理数据全盲水印算法

通过对全盲水印特点的分析,提出了将文字按照字符编码方式直接转化为二进制位的水印信息生成方式。基于矢量地理数据的空间定位特性,研究了水印嵌入与提取中坐标映射机制和映射函数构造原则。利用提出的水印生成和坐标映射方法,建立了一种矢量地理空间数据全盲水印算法。实验结果表明,提出的算法能抵抗矢量数据中常见的数据压缩、增点、删点、编辑、裁剪以及平移等攻击,具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于GIS基数据的大气资料处理分析系统设计

通过"加维匹配"的方法实现了GIS基数据与气象基数据的精确链接,并且基于此方法开发了直接基于GIS基数据的大气资料处理分析系统,在导入外部算法之后,可方便快速的对全球大气资料进行处理分析,并且通过经验算法,在雷达与卫星监测方向做出扩展。GIS基数据与气象数据连接的关键在于:基于SHAPE格式GIS基数据的SHX记录的文件头偏移量,对地图矢量层坐标和地图矢量层特征坐标(dBASE)进行匹配,将匹配信息存于数组当中并建立索引,与经过"加维"处理的气象数据坐标索引进行链接。给出了一个应用实例,其结果验证了该系统的实用性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.