铝轮毂电镀工艺应用

介绍了铝轮毂电镀的工艺流程,主要包括热浸除蜡,热浸除油,弱碱蚀,除垢,沉锌,预镀镍,镀铜,镀半光亮镍,镀高硫镍,镀光亮镍,镍封和镀铬.给出了各工艺配方及操作条件,讨论了前处理、镀铜、镀镍和镀铬工艺的维护方法.实践得出,进行铝轮毂电镀时,应选择工艺稳定、品质高、容易调控的电镀添加刑产品.     

高耐蚀性多层镍体及其在摩托车上的应用（Ⅱ）：光亮镍电镀工艺

本文为研究高耐蚀性多层镍体系的４篇系列文章的第２篇，第１篇发表于本刊１９９５年第３期，本文论述电镀光亮镍组合添加剂的设计及ＢＨ－９３１电镀光亮镍工艺在摩托车零件上应用的结果。     

铝合金无氰镀银工艺

介绍了铝合金无氰镀银工艺,其流程主要包括化学除油、弱蚀、出光、预镀铜、电镀镍、预浸银、电镀银。介绍了各工序的配方、工艺条件和操作要点。浸锌、预镀铜、电镀镍等前处理工序可有效防止铝合金在清洗之后生成氧化膜。所得银镀层呈银白色,表面均匀、无麻点,结合力合格,达到实际使用要求。     

多层镍／微孔铬电镀的工艺控制

对摩托车零件电镀采用预镀镍-半光亮镍-光亮镍-镍封-装饰铬的组合镀层工艺,能完全符合质量标准要求.本文提供了工艺流程和各镀液的配方.讨论了镀层内应力等工艺控制中的一些问题.     

影响铝合金轮毂电镀层内应力的工艺研究

研究了铝合金材料多层电镀过程中的镀层内应力变化,结果表明半光亮镍镀层内应力增加最显著。而半光亮镍镀层内应力随镀液pH、阴极电流密度和氯离子质量浓度的增加而增大,随温度的升高而减小,由此提出了降低铝合金轮毂电镀层内应力的措施。     

高耐蚀性多层镍体系及其在摩托车上的应用（Ⅱ）──光亮镍电镀工艺

本文为研究高耐蚀性多层镍体系的４篇系列文章的第２篇，第１篇发表于本刊１９９５年第３期。本文论述电镀光亮镍组合添加剂的设计以及ＢＨ－９３１电镀光亮镍工艺在摩托车零件上应用的结果。     

易切削锌-铜-镁-铝-稀土锌合金表面电镀光亮镍

以新型易切削Zn-Cu-Mg-Al-RE锌合金为基体,电镀得到光亮镍镀层。其工艺流程主要包括化学除油、活化、预镀镍、光亮镀镍和干燥。研究了温度、pH、电流密度、电镀时间等工艺条件对在以硫酸镍、氯化镍、硼酸和光亮剂为主要成分的镀液中所得光亮镍镀层外观的影响。电镀光亮镍的最佳工艺为:0.045～0.050A/cm2,40～45℃,pH=3.9～4.1,10min。在最佳工艺下得到的镀层总厚度约为80μm,镀层光滑、致密、光泽度好,无针孔、麻点、起泡等缺陷,与基体结合紧密,界面存在ZnNi过渡层。     

锌合金压铸件电镀缎面镍

采用预镀氰化铜、电镀中性镍、光亮镍和缎面镍相结合的工艺,在锌合金压铸件表面获得了色泽均匀、不眩目的镀层,并提出了相应的工敢规范和操作要点,具有较高的应用价值。     

电镀三层镍工艺实践

1前言自1993年笔者有机会帮助几个企业将电镀三层镍工艺应用于摩托车零部件生产，其耐蚀性、外观等诸项指标均达到相应摩托车标准。该工艺分别应用于环型自动线、直线及手工操作线，均取得良好效果。不同的生产线当然要采取不同的对策。“三镍”电镀工艺的优越性正逐步被人们所认识，应用面在不断扩大。这一较为先进的工艺往往被认为只有在自动线（直线、环型线等）上才能实现，其实手工操作只要方法得当，同样能取得良好效果，并有其独到之处。电镀多层镍／铬体系的镀层组合目前常采用的类型有：（1）半光亮镍／光亮镍／铬（2）半光亮镍／…     

解决电镀光亮镍小电流区发雾

解决电镀光亮镍小电流区发雾李成任（齐齐哈尔冰刀工业有限公司，１６１００６）１问题的提出１９８９年初，我公司从日本引进一条电镀生产线，用于冰刀表面防护－装饰性电镀。电镀工艺流程如下：除油→水洗→浸蚀→水洗→镀半亮镍→镀光亮镍→水洗→烘干１．１半亮镍工艺...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。