一种无线传感器网络多级异构分簇路由协议

研究了无线传感器网络,提出了一种适合大规模应用的无线传感器网络体系结构,并提出了一种新的路由协议——多级异构分簇路由协议;该协议将无线传感器网络节点分成4种类型,根据簇头间平均跳数、簇头能耗等因素选举出第一级簇头节点;利用通信能耗、节点能耗以及跳数3个方面作为启发因子,寻找第一级簇头到第二级簇头间的最佳路径;基于NS2平台对该路由协议进行了仿真实验,并与LEACH协议进行比较;仿真结果表明:在大规模的应用中,该路由协议能有效地降低节点的平均能耗、延长网络生存时间。     

无线传感器网络安全路由协议研究

由于无线传感器节点电量有限、计算能力有限、存储容量有限以及部署野外等特点,使得它极易受到各类攻击。目前,国内外学者提出了许多无线传感器网络路由协议,但是这些路由协议大都没有考虑到安全问题。因此,研究无线传感器网络安全路由协议具有极其重大的意义。对近年来的无线传感器网络安全路由协议进行了分析和总结。首先对传感器网络路由协议易受到的安全威胁和攻击进行了分类和总结;然后对无线传感器网络安全路由协议进行分类,之后详细描述了几种典型的安全路由协议;最后对各种安全路由协议的性能进行分析比较,并给出其亟待解决的问题及其未来的研究方向。     

下一代全IP无线传感器网络路由方案

提出了无线传感器网络与IPv6网络全IP通信互联的路由方案。介绍了传感器节点的IPv6地址格式以及IPv6地址自动配置方案,基于所提出的IPv6地址格式,提出基于链路层的全IP传感器网络路由实现方案,同时采用侦听相邻节点下一次信道采样时间的方法提高路由效率以节省传感器网络功耗,并对实现路由方案的精简IPv6协议栈进行了详细的分析和讨论。分析了此方案的能量消耗以及数据延迟等性能参数,验证了此方案的有效性和正确性。     

无线传感器网络路由协议分类研究

无线传感器网络具有与传统网络不同的特点,且与应用高度相关。传统网络及移动自组织网络的路由协议不能有效地用于无线传感器网络,因而研究人员提出了众多的路由协议。在介绍了无线传感器网络的特点及路由协议设计的关键问题之后,总结分析了现存的路由协议的分类方法,并对各类路由协议从路由策略、路由协议的特点、性能等多方面进行了对比分析,指出了各类路由协议的优缺点及其包含的路由协议。最后总结出未来的研究热点和发展趋势。     

无线传感器网络路由协议分类研究

无线传感器网络具有与传统网络不同的特点,且与应用高度相关.传统网络及移动自组织网络的路由协议不能有效地用于无线传感器网络,因而研究人员提出了众多的路由协议.在介绍了无线传感器网络的特点及路由协议设计的关键问题之后,总结分析了现存的路由协议的分类方法,并对各类路由协议从路由策略、路由协议的特点、性能等多方面进行了对比分析,指出了各类路由协议的优缺点及其包含的路由协议.最后总结出未来的研究热点和发展趋势.     

无线传感器网络在核监测中的路由协议研究

分析无线传感器网络在核电站突发核事故时辐射监测中的路由需求,并且对LEACH等多种典型路由协议进行研究,从而提出一个适用于核泄露环境监测的无线传感器网络路由协议,称之为能量高效的多跳分簇路由协议EEMC（Energy Efficient Multi-hop Clustering Routing Protocol）。该协议具有自组性、高能效、多跳通信以及减少冗余数据等特点。仿真结果表明,此路由协议有效地延长了网络生命周期,较好地满足了应用的需求。     

无线传感器网络安全路由协议的设计与分析

路由安全是无线传感器网络安全的关键因素,而现有的无线传感器网络路由协议在设计时都没有充分考虑安全问题。在充分考虑网络路由协议攻击方法和无线传感器网络自身特点的基础上,结合基于ID的认证密钥协商技术以及秘密共享技术,提出了无线传感器网络路由的安全策略及其设计思想。同时,在路由建立阶段增加安全机制,提出了一种较优的安全路由协议。经过安全性分析,该路由协议可防御虚假路由信息、Sybile、确认欺骗等常见攻击。     

无线传感器网络路由协议的分析与比较

无线传感器网络的路由协议设计与传统的无线ad-hoc网络有很多不同,资源高度受限和结点失效频繁是其面临的两大挑战,相关技术研究已经成为无线传感器网络研究中的热点.对近年来无线传感器网络路由协议的研究成果进行归纳、分析和比较,介绍了无线传感器网络的特点以及影响其路由协议设计的关键因素.根据协议的实现特点将无线传感器网络路由协议分为5类,对每一类涉及的重要协议进行详细阐述与分析,最后对这些协议的特点进行归纳和比较,并展望了未来这一研究方向的发展趋势.     

无线传感器网络路由协议研究进展

无线传感器网络具有与传统网络不同的特点,且与应用高度相关.传统路由协议不能有效地用于无线传感器网络,因而人们研究了众多的无线传感器网络路由协议.在介绍无线传感器网络的特点后,提出了路由协议的分类方法,然后着重分析了当前一些较为重要的路由协议的核心路由机制,并采用比较方式指出了这些路由协议的类别、特点和主要应用范围.最后总结了好的路由协议应具有的特点以及未来的研究策略与发展趋势.     

无线传感器网络的路由协议研究与分析*

在简单介绍传感器网络协议框架的基础上,对现有的几类典型路由协议进行了综述,并对它们的优点及不足进行了分析、比较,从而为优化路由协议以及研究新型路由协议做了铺垫,并让无线传感器网络用户在选择路由协议时有了很好的依据。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.