镀铜石墨粉的制备研究

表面镀铜的非金属材料是当前功能材料开发的一个热点.利用化学镀的方法在石墨粉的表面进行化学镀铜,通过对化学镀铜沉积速度和镀层表面形貌进行分析,探讨了如何获得表面包覆良好的镀层.石墨粉表面化学镀铜工艺可以分为表面预处理、化学镀和性能测试三大步骤.研究重点放在化学镀施镀步骤上,对化学镀铜的影响因素进行了研究,得出最佳的镀铜工艺配方,并将此配方应用于实际,得到了色泽光亮、分散性好的石墨镀铜粉.     

简化预处理辅助化学镀制备Cu包覆TiC复合粉末

研究了一种简化预处理辅助化学镀工艺制备Cu包覆TiC复合粉末.利用场发射扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪分析了原始TiC粉末,预处理之后的TiC粉末,Cu包覆TiC复合粉末的表面形貌和成分,同时也阐述了Cu镀层的生长机理.结果表明,经过简化预处理之后的TiC出现了很多表面缺陷,Cu能够均匀的包覆在TiC颗粒表面.其生长机理如下:经过预处理之后的TiC出现很多表面缺陷,成为化学镀过程中的活性点;化学镀过程中,Cu在TiC表面的各个缺陷处形核长大;Cu与Cu之间相互接触相互作用形成密集的网状结构最终形成致密的Cu镀层.     

含镀铜石墨颗粒铜基复合材料研究

采用化学镀铜工艺在石墨颗粒表面镀上一层金属铜,通过粉末冶金方法制备了铜/石墨复合材料,研究了石墨颗粒表面铜镀层在不同处理温度下的球化问题和改善复合材料界面结合的作用效果.结果表明,石墨颗粒表面铜镀层有利于改善铜基石墨复合材料的界面结合,使复合材料力学性能提高;处理温度较高时,表面铜镀层有熔融球化的趋势,当复合材料烧结温度超过石墨镀铜层的完全球化温度时,镀铜石墨粉改善界面结合的效果逐渐降低,直至消失.     

激光熔覆Cu包SiCp/Ni35覆层组织及磨损性能

目的研究Cu包SiC_p/Ni35激光熔覆层的显微组织、物相及其在25℃和600℃下的摩擦机理。方法采用化学镀的方法在SiC_p表面包覆一层Cu,并用激光熔覆的方法在H13钢表面制备了Cu包SiC_p增强Ni35熔覆层。用XRD、OM、SEM和EDS对熔覆层的物相、组织和成分进行了分析,用显微硬度计测试了熔覆层的显微硬度,用高温磨损试验机测试了熔覆层在常温、高温下的耐磨性能。结果熔覆层由基相γ-Ni(Fe)固溶体、增强相M7C3以及硼化物、硅化物和石墨构成。熔覆层的显微硬度和常温摩擦性能较H13钢显著提高,而其高温摩擦性能较H13钢基体提高较少。结论 SiC_p化学包覆Cu能减缓激光熔覆过程中SiC_p的分解,但分解速度还是过快。常温磨损时,高硬度碳化物和硅化物的覆层提高了材料的耐磨性能。高温下模具钢表面形成致密的氧化物薄膜,起到减磨降摩的作用,而高温下覆层无法形成致密氧化膜,导致其耐磨性能弱于常温。     

Wear properties and effect of molds on microstructure of graphite reinforced copper alloy composites made by centrifugal casting

Graphite reinforced copper alloy composites were cast using gravity and centrifugal casting techniques to identify the effect of graphite particles on microstructural formation and the effect of the casting techniques on the distribution of the particles. Melt containing either 5 or 120 μm size graphite particles were gravity cast in both steel and graphite molds. Melts containing 5 μm graphite particles were also cast in a horizontal centrifugal casting machine. Samples cast in the graphite molds exhibited much greater pore size than that found in the samples cast in the steel molds. Graphite particles moved to the inner periphery when influenced by centrifugal force, resulting in the formation of graphite-rich and graphite-free zones. The volume fraction of graphite particles near the inner periphery was 13%, which is higher than the initial volume fraction of graphite particles (7 vol.%) added into the melt. The results of wear testing showed that the friction coefficient of the pin from the graphite-rich zone is 0.49 and 0.69 for the pin from the graphite-free zone. The size of the machining chips from the graphite-rich zone was much smaller than those from the graphite-free zone. These results suggest that this composite may be an attractive substitute for copper alloys containing lead.     

碳管对Ni-P镀层摩擦磨损特性的影响

用电刷镀工艺制备了碳管加入量分别为0、0.5、1、2g/L的Ni-P/CNT复合镀层,取其一半进行400℃×1h热处理,从而获得晶态Ni-P/CNT复合镀层.然后对以上二种复合镀层的摩擦磨损特性进行研究.结果表明:碳管的加入减小了镀层的摩擦系数和磨损质量损失,而且碳管加入量越大,摩擦系数和磨损质量损失越小;即使在重摩擦条件下(高的载荷×滑动速度),摩擦系数和磨损质量损失增加幅度不大或基本保持不变.非晶镀层在低载低速磨损中以犁削磨损机制为主,而高载高速时以粘着机制为主;晶态Ni-P镀层主要是脆性剥落,而晶态碳管复合镀层主要是表层塑性变形和微犁削.     

镀镍石墨粉的电化学性质

利用化学镀方法在石墨粉表面镀覆了一层均匀、完整的金属镍,研究了镀镍石墨粉电极及镀镍石墨粉作为ＭＨ／Ｎｉ电池镍电极导电剂时的电化学性质。实验表明,石墨粉表面镀覆金属镍可增另其电化学活性;用镀镍石墨粉作为电极导电剂时,可以改善镍电极的导电性能,降低电池内阻,提高正极活性物质的利用率,且电池的循环稳定性好,以１Ｃ倍率充放电循环１２０就衰减。     

Development of copper coatings on molybdenum powders by electroless plating technique

Mo powders with average particle size of 3 μm were attempted to coat with copper by electroless plating technique. The effect of the solution composition and plating conditions on the electroless copper plating was studied. The uncoated and coated powders were subjected to the microstructural studies by SEM and the phases were analyzed by XRD. The results indicate that the Mo powders are coated with copper, at （he same time, Mo-Cu composite powders with Cu content ranging from 15% to 85% （mass fraction） can be obtained. The optimal values of pH, HCHO concentration and temperature are in the ranges of 12-13, 22-26 ml/L and 60-65℃, respectively. The diffusion-shrinkage autocatalytic model is suggested for the growth mechanism of electroless coating over the surface.     

Preparation and characterization of molybdenum powders with copper coating by the electroless plating technique

Molybdenum powders with a diameter of approximately 3 μm were coated with copper using the electroless plating technique in the pH 12.5-13 and temperature range of 55-75℃.The optimization of the electroless copper bath was evaluated through the combination of process parameters like pH and temperature.The optimized values of pH and temperature were found to be 12.5 and 60℃,respectively,which attributes to the bright maroon color of the coating with an increase in weight of 46%.The uncoated and coated powders were subjected to microstructural studies using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the phases were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD).An attempt was made to understand the growth mechanism of the coating.The diffusion-shrinkage autocatalytic model was suggested for copper growth on the molybdenum surface.     

石墨化学镀Ni—P合金的结构及耐蚀性研究

采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射及阳极极化曲线测定等方法,对石墨化学镀Ni-P合金的组织结构及耐蚀性进行了研究.结果表明,该镀层在磷含量大于8%时为非晶态结构;加热到300℃时转变为晶态结构;其表面形貌与普通碳钢Ni-P合金层的表面形貌相同.在不同pH值且含有级离子的介质中均有钝化现象,镀层结合力极强.因此该镀层具有很好的耐蚀性.     

电刷镀多层复合镀层的应用研究

用电刷镀研制具有层状结构的Ni-Cr2O3复合电刷镀层，采用碱铜层作为中间过渡层；研究了多层复合镀层的组织，显微硬度以及耐磨性等性能，对电刷镀多层复合镀层工艺进行了实际应用研究，结果表明，多层Ni-Cr2O3复合电刷镀层与Ni镀层相比具有较高的显微硬度，细小的结晶晶粒和较耐磨性，层状的复合镀层结构会导致磨损机理的变化，该工艺可用于大型机械设备现场不解体修复。     

化学镀黑镍工艺特点和镀膜性能及其应用

介绍了化学镀黑镍工艺及其镀膜性能,试验表明化学镀黑镍可以增加材料表面硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性,并具有良好的装饰性能和工艺性能。     

CNTs-Cu和C-Cu复合材料的载流摩擦学行为(英文)

采用粉末冶金方法在相同的工艺条件下制备CNTs-Cu和C-Cu复合材料。采用销盘式载流摩擦磨损试验机对两种材料的载流摩擦学行为进行研究。结果表明:铜基复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率均随着增强体含量的增加而减小,随着电流密度的增加而增大;电流对C-Cu复合材料的影响更加显著;C-Cu复合材料的主导磨损机制是电弧烧蚀和粘着磨损,而CNTs-Cu复合材料的主导磨损机制是粘着磨损和塑性流动变形。     

树脂碳包覆石墨/铜复合材料组织和性能研究

为低成本制备高性能石墨/铜复合材料,以酚醛树脂包覆石墨粉、电解铜粉、二氧化硅为原料,采用传统的粉末冶金工艺制备了树脂碳包覆石墨/铜复合材料,对比了其与天然鳞片石墨/铜复合材料和镀铜石墨/铜复合材料组织和性能的差异。发现酚醛树脂包覆可有效保护石墨结构完整性,还原铜表面氧化膜,促进铜的扩散烧结,利于致密化。与天然鳞片石墨/铜复合材料相比,树脂碳包覆石墨/铜复合材料的导电性能、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能提高,其电导率、抗弯强度和硬度分别为9.87 MS.m-1、81 MPa、22 HV,与镀铜石墨/铜复合材料的相当,且摩擦磨损性能略优于镀铜石墨/铜复合材料。     

Evaluation of sliding wear behavior of graphite particle-containing magnesium alloy composites

1 Introduction More and more magnesium alloy products have been used in automobile and aerospace industries due to their low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good damping characteristic, excellent machineability and castability, etc…     

碳纳米管的化学镀铜

碳纳米管因其优异的力学、物理性能, 是一种理想的复合材料增强体, 但其与基体金属的润湿性较差.通过化学镀在碳纳米管表面镀上一层连续的铜镀层, 以改善碳纳米管与金属基体的润湿性, 增强界面结合力.通过TEM观察表明: 由于碳纳米管长径比大, 反应活性低, 表面曲率大, 直径细和镀层薄(50～100nm), 使碳纳米管很难得到完整的镀层.通过对镀前处理工艺(氧化、敏化、活化)的优化以增加活化点, 对传统镀液配方的调整使镀速尽可能低, 成功地在碳纳米管上镀覆一层铜, 为碳纳米管复合材料制备打下了良好的基础.     

Effect of graphite particle size on wear property of graphite and Al_2O_3 reinforced AZ91D-0.8%Ce composites

The graphite particles and Al_2O_3 short fibers reinforced AZ91D-0.8%Ce composites were fabricated by squeeze-infiltration technique.The researches about the effects of different graphite particle sizes on the microstructure and wear property of the composites were performed under the condition of constant contents of graphite particles and Al_2O_3 short fibers.The results reveal that the grain size of the composites changes less when the graphite particle size descends.Moreover,Ce enriches around the gr...     

Low temperature bonding of LD31 aluminum alloys by electric brush plating Ni and Cu coatings

0Introduction Amongavarietyofbondingtechnologies,vacuum brazinghasbeenwidelyadoptedasareliablemethodfor joiningaluminumcomponents[1],whereintheAl Sialloys systemisrecognizedasthemostpopularfillermetals[2,3]. Althoughasoundjointcanbeachievedforcertainalumi…     

Improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of graphite/copper composites through interfacial modification

Unidirectionally reinforced graphite/copper composites have been fabricated using a pressure infiltration casting procedure. T300 and T650 graphite fibers have been used to reinforce copper and copperchromium alloys. The effects of the chromium level in the copper matrix on the tensile strength, stiffness, and thermal expansion behavior of the composites have been evaluated through tensile and three-point bend testing, and thermal cycling. At the 0.5 wt% alloying level, chromium increases the stiffness and optimizes the thermal expansion behavior of graphite/copper composites. The longitudinal tensile strengths of these composites are above 1606 MPa, whereas the transverse tensile strengths are lower than 40 MPa due to incomplete infiltration during processing. Scanning electron microscopy analyses reveal that the unalloyed copper matrix composites experienced extensive fiber/matrix debonding under tensile loading. The addition of chromium to the copper increases the level of matrix bonding to the graphite fibers, as evidenced by observations of fractured tensile specimens. Auger electron spectroscopy analyses indicate that a chromium carbide phase present at the interface is responsible for the improved bonding.     

Microstructures and wear properties of graphite and Al2O3 reinforced AZ91D-Cex composites

The magnesium matrix composites reinforced by graphite particles and Al2O3 short fibers were fabricated by squeeze-infiltration technique. The additions dispersed uniformly and no agglomeration and casting defect were observed. The microstructures and wear properties of the composites with different Ce contents of 0, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.0%, respectively, were investigated. Especially, the effect of Ce on the properties was discussed. The results reveal that Ce enriches around the boundaries of graphite particles and forms Al3Ce phase with Al. The addition of Ce refines the microstructures of the composites. With the increase of Ce content, the grain size becomes smaller and the wear resistance of the composite is improved. At low load, the composites have similar worn surface. At high load, the composite with 1.0% Ce has the best wear resistance due to the existence of Al3Ce phase. The Al3Ce phase improves the thermal stability of the matrix so the graphite particles can keep intact, which can still work as lubricant. At low load, the wear mechanism is abrasive wear and oxidation wear. At high load, the wear mechanism changes to delamination wear for all the composites.