Key management in wireless sensor networks

ABSTRACT

We refer to a distributed architecture consisting of sensor nodes connected by wireless links and organized in a tree-shaped hierarchy. We present a paradigm for the management of the cryptographic keys used by nodes to communicate, and we consider the problems connected with key generation, distribution, and replacement. In our paradigm, names are assigned to nodes by using a uniform scheme, which is based on the position of the given node in the node hierarchy. Each node holds a hierarchical key to communicate with its ancestors, and a level key to communicate with its siblings. A single, publicly known parametric one-way function is used to assign hierarchical keys to nodes, in an iterative procedure that starts from the key of the root of the node hierarchy, and proceeds downwards to the lowest hierarchical levels. A similar procedure is used to generate the level keys. The total memory requirements for key storage are extremely low. The number of keys exchanged in a key replacement process is kept to a minimum. Dynamic access control is fully supported, whereby new nodes can be added to the node hierarchy, and existing nodes can be evicted from the hierarchy.     

一种无线传感器网络的密钥管理机制

介绍了一种用于无线传感器网络(WSNs)的密钥预分配机制:多密钥空间哈希随机密钥预分配(HARPMS)机制。该机制针对group-based节点投放模型,将密钥空间划分成多个子空间,在密钥分配和建立时使用Hash链技术,以提高网络的抗节点俘获能力。分析表明:相比传统的用于group-based投放模型的随机密钥预分配机制,HARPMS获得了同等的连通性,但却有更好的抗节点俘获能力。     

一种无线传感器网络的密钥管理方案

目前很多无线传感器网络的应用是建立在群组式通讯的模式之上,如何建立一个用以加密群组通讯的组密钥,来防范攻击者窃听无线传感器网络上的通讯,近年来引起广泛关注。为了在有限资源的无线传感器网络能安全进行群组通讯,本文只使用对称加密算法和单向哈希函数提出了一种具有有效性和扩充性的组密钥管理方案,并可满足前向和后向安全性。与目前现有的群组密钥相比,方案不仅具有较好的效率,并且更适合于无线传感器网络。     

分簇无线传感器网络密钥预分配管理方案

针对无线传感器网络节点计算和存储能力有限,能量受限等特点,提出了一种新的分簇传感器网络密钥预分配管理方案KDNKPD。该方案借助于Blundo二元多项式函数和密钥分发节点建立节点与簇头间的安全通信,能够适应簇首节点的按轮选举并解决了Blundo方案的安全问题。通过安全分析与性能分析比较和仿真实验表明,该方案提高了网络的安全性,减少了传感器节点的存储开销和计算开销。     

Autoregressive energy-efficient context forwarding in wireless sensor networks for pervasive healthcare systems

Driven by technological advances in low-power network systems and medical sensors, we have witnessed during the recent years the adoption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in electronic healthcare. Improving the quality of electronic healthcare and the prospects of ‘ageing in place’ through WSNs requires solving difficult problems in scale, energy management, and data acquisition. Medical and pervasive healthcare application (or mobile healthcare application) based on WSNs is influenced by many factors such as transmission errors and power consumption. We propose a multivariate context forwarding model that achieves energy-efficient WSN operation. A node adopts multivariate autoregression for forecasting contextual information (bio-signals or vital parameters) and locally decides whether context retransmission is required or not. This scheme is applied in patient telemonitoring systems where accurate yet energy-aware transmission of bio-signals to a remote control unit is crucial. Simulation results are reported indicating the capability of the proposed model in minimizing energy consumption in WSNs having as application domain the electronic healthcare systems.     

Virtual reality in the context of Internet of Things

In order to improve the user experience and efficiency of human–computer interaction in virtual reality technology, a comprehensive technology combined with high-tech achievements of multi-field is studied under the background of Internet of Things to realize the interaction between human and computer in a natural and intelligent way. The research results show that the interactive, simulated natural-state and three-dimensional environment can be formed at the display terminal through the processing and operation of information by computer program, which can make people feel immersed. It can be seen that in the environment of Internet of Things, the research on virtual reality technology should not only lay out top-level design and improve security and transmission efficiency, but also promote industrial application and enhance user stickiness. It would help to reveal the development trend of technology and the industrial layout and help relevant subjects to improve their level of technology R&D (research and development) and formulate competitive offensive and defensive strategies.

     

物联网关键技术研究

针对近年来人们广泛关注的物联网,分析讨论了制约物联网发展应用的关键技术,包括感知技术、网络通信技术、数据融合与智能技术,以及云计算等。这些技术将对物联网的发展和应用乃至人类生活、工业发展、科技进步起到至关重要的促进作用。     

基于group-based模型的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

由于无线传感器网络受电源、计算能力、内存容量等方面的限制,传统的基于公钥和可信任的密钥管理方式不再适用.为了进一步提高无线传感器网络的安全连通性,在分析DU Wen-liang等人的group-based节点投放模型的基础上,提出了一种改进的密钥管理方案:多密钥空间与多路径增强相结合的随机密钥预分配方案.结果分析表明,该方案需要较少的内存存储空间,不仅提高了系统的连通性,还降低了节点的被捕获概率.     

一种动态分簇无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

层簇式无线传感器网络因管理方便、能量利用率高等优点,是近年来研究的热点,目前已提出了很多基于簇的路由协议,但这些协议很少考虑到安全性问题,而针对这种分簇式网络结构提出的密钥管理方案又都存在一些不足,不能很好地与路由协议结合使用。针对这些问题,提出了一种轻量级的密钥管理方案KMDC(Key Management for Dynamically Clustering WSN),分析表明该方案可以有效地解决密钥管理的问题。     

物联网发展关键技术研究

物联网发展的关键在于解决核心技术中存在的难点。重点研究了RFID、无线传感器网络和语义网格等物联网关键技术,采用融合多种关键技术解决了物联网应用难的问题。语义网格融合了语义Web机器可阅读和网格技术强大的计算能力;语义P2P技术解决了信息过载通信瓶颈问题,大大方便了传感器节点的部署以及传感器网络的扩展;采用本体技术实现了物联网中的信息语义的交互和共享,为物联网中信息的及时、无歧义理解提供了便利。     

基于多项式和混沌序列的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案*

针对现有密钥管理方案占据存储空间大和安全性差的缺点,提出了一种基于多项式和混沌序列的混合密钥管理方案。该方案使用多项式建立节点间的共享密钥减少网络的存储开销,利用混沌序列对初值的敏感性特点解决多项式安全门限的问题,从而防止密钥的泄露。结果表明,本方案具有很高的安全性能,不仅节约了网络的通信资源,而且降低了节点的存储开销。     

基于能量树的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

有效的密钥管理方案是实现传感器网络安全通信的前提。针对分簇式无线传感器网络,提出一种基于能量树的密钥管理方案。将网络中节点按树型结构进行管理,并将每个节点的能量值作为树中各边的权值,树根按权值分发不同的秘密信息。簇头间通信密钥借助Blom矩阵的思想生成。分析表明,该方案有效地节省了节点的能量,并提供了较强的可扩展性、节点的抗捕获性和网络的可靠性等安全性能。     

基于group based模型的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案*

由于无线传感器网络受电源、计算能力、内存容量等方面的限制,传统的基于公钥和可信任的密钥管理方式不再适用。为了进一步提高无线传感器网络的安全连通性,在分析DU Wenliang等人的groupbased节点投放模型的基础上,提出了一种改进的密钥管理方案：多密钥空间与多路径增强相结合的随机密钥预分配方案。结果分析表明,该方案需要较少的内存存储空间,不仅提高了系统的连通性,还降低了节点的被捕获概率。     

物联网中无线传感器网络的安全技术

物联网被誉为信息革命的第三次浪潮,它的发展将产生巨大的社会效益和经济效益。伴随着物联网在各个领域的成功应用,安全问题也日趋显现。无线传感器网络由于在物联网中担当链接传统网络重任,安全问题尤其突出。文章以无线传感器网络的结构、特征为基础,分析了物联网所面临的安全挑战,并研究了其中的关键安全技术。     

Multivariate context collection in mobile sensor networks

We focus on the treatment of quality-stamped contextual information in mobile sensor networks. Sensing nodes capture and forward context for consumption by mobile context aware applications. Due to the dynamic network topology the quality indicators seen by consumers vary over time. Context quality is a decreasing function of time and context can be consumed with a certain delay from its capturing time. We propose the sequential assessment of the network-circulated context information according to the Generalized Secretary Problem, a known paradigm in the Optimal Stopping Theory. The consumer node delays the processing (consumption) of incoming context until better quality is attained. We extend this basic model to include the cardinality of contextual components (i.e., different types of measurements coming from, possibly, different sources). Hence, the consumer node is interested not only in the higher possible quality of context but also in the widest possible range of context parameters (context “quantity”). We compare our findings to simple consumption strategies and pinpoint the advantages of the proposed model.     

Benchmarking large-scale data management for Internet of Things

The Journal of Supercomputing - In the current era of the Internet of Things (IoT), massive number of sensors are used in our daily lives. Sensors are everywhere around us. They exist in our homes,...     

基于身份密码学的异构传感网络密钥管理方案

在充分考虑异构无线传感器网络自身特点的基础上,针对现有无线传感器网络密钥管理中存在的问题,利用基于身份的加密算法(Identity-Based Cryptography,IBC),提出了一种异构无线传感器网络密钥管理方案(KMUIBC),并从该方案的安全性、连通性、可扩展性、有效性等方面进行分析,与现有的一些典型方案进行了分析比较,结果表明,KMUIBC有较好的性能。     

物联网发展阶段及其关键技术

互联网实现了人与人之间的信息交换,那么物与物之间以及物与人间的信息交换靠什么来实现呢?那就是物联网。本文论述了物联网的实现阶段、工作原理以及物联网的关键技术。     

物联网实现的关键技术研究

近几年方兴未艾的物联网,是通过赋予物品唯一可区别的产品电子编码(EPC),可借助射频识别技术(RFID)收集数据,以互联网为平台,实现数据在供应链之间的互换和共享,从而大大减轻传统供应链中信息不对称和高成本的问题;文中从宏观结构的角度,先分析了EPC网络的结构模型,然后主要介绍Savant结构及其中间件技术、域名服务系统及其工作流程和物理标记语言(PML)技术的组成和设计,最后对物联网的未来发展以及主要所面临的挑战作了简要的评述和展望.     

物联网关键技术与应用

物联网因其巨大的应用前景而受到各国政府、学术界和工业界的广泛重视.介绍了物联网的概念、基本属性和特征,描述了物联网的体系构成、发展阶段及趋势.以传感器网络为例详细论述了物联网的关键技术,最后以环境监测为例,说明了物联网的典型应用.