铁矿粉烧结优化配矿及其模型研究进展

随着铁矿粉资源的不断消耗,各类铁矿粉呈劣化趋势,且大量新矿种出现,使烧结优化配矿需求愈发迫切.主要介绍了铁矿粉常温和高温等基础特性.其中,常温特性主要有化学成分、铁矿粉种类、粒度组成等,同时重点分析了与烧结生产息息相关的高温特征指标,主要有同化性、液相流动性、黏结性强度、铁酸钙生成特性、连晶特性、熔融特性、吸液性和烧结...     

混合铁矿粉的烧结基础特性

 对邯钢5种常用矿粉及其混合矿的烧结基础特性进行了研究。结果表明：巴粗矿粉对混合矿的同化温度和液相流动性的影响最大,澳矿粉对混合矿的粘结相强度影响最大。以粘结相强度为基准,综合考虑同化温度和液相流动性,邯钢最优配矿方案为：澳矿粉(30%~35%)+邯邢精粉(15%~20%)+巴粗矿粉(20%~25%)+杨迪粉(10%~15%)+北非粉(5%~10%);混合矿中单种矿的烧结基础特性之间存在一定的互补关系,但混合矿烧结基础特性不能简单地由单种矿烧结基础特性的线性加和来确定。     

Sintering Properties and Optimal Blending Schemes of Iron Ores

 In order to obtain good sintering performance, it is important to understand sintering properties of iron ores. Sintering properties including chemical composition, granulation and high-temperature behaviors of ores from China, Brazil and Australia. Furthermore, several indices were defined to evaluate sintering properties of iron ores. The results show that: for chemical composition, Brazilian ores present high TFe, low SiO2, and low Al2O3 content. For granulation, particle diameter ratio of Brazilian ores are high; particle intermediate fraction of Chinese concentrates are low; and average particle size and clay type index of Australian ores are high. For high-temperature properties, ores from China, Brazil and Australia present different characteristics. Ores from different origins should be mixed together to obtain good high-temperature properties. According to the analysis of each ore′s sintering properties, an ore blending scheme (Chinese concentrates 20%+Brazilian ores 40%+Australian ores 40%) was suggested. Moreover, sinter pot test using blending mix was performed, and the results indicated that the ore blending scheme led to good sintering performance and sinter quality.     

铁矿粉的烧结特性及优化配矿试验研究

 以来自澳大利亚、巴西、印度、南非以及中国的6种烧结铁矿粉作为考察对象,分别研究其化学成分、粒度组成、颗粒形貌和气孔率,并对其同化性、液相流动性、黏结相自身强度和铁酸钙生成特性等高温烧结特性进行试验测定和因素考察。在该研究基础上,提出基于铁矿粉配矿特性互补配矿原则,设计了6组优化配矿方案,对混合矿进行特性研究,且烧结杯试验结果显示获得较好的烧结经济技术指标。     

Study on the sintering melting characteristics of Meishan concentrate and its influencing factors

The melting characteristics of iron ore plays an important role in the process of sintering and mineralization. The softening and melting process of Meishan concentrate, the main mineral in the sintering of Meishan Iron and Steel Company, and four typical imported iron ores were observed through a visual micro-sintering test device. The results show that the Meishan concentrate has a relatively gentle liquid-phase velocity, good liquid-phase temperature control property, and relatively good safety. In addition, with the increase in alkalinity, its melting characteristics become worse. When combined with OA, its melting characteristics became worse, and with OD ore, its melting characteristics had improved in our study. Therefore, based on the principle of optimizing the complementary ore blending, in order to ensure the good temperature control and safety of the Meishan concentrate in the liquid phase of the sintering process, the appropriate sinter basicity and the appropriate type of iron ores should be selected.     

铁矿粉烧结优化配矿的试验

 基于微型烧结试验,测定、比较和分析了国内某钢厂烧结生产常用6种铁矿粉的同化性和液相流动性等高温特性及其影响因素,进而根据其高温特性提出相应互补优化配合原则,设计了4组烧结优化配矿方案并进行了烧结杯试验。结果显示,优化配矿方案的烧结矿产量、质量指标均比基准方案优良,烧结成本比基准方案低,这表明基于铁矿粉同化性和液相流动性对所研究的6种铁矿粉能够进行有效的优化配矿,也为该钢厂烧结优化配矿提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

基于铁矿粉基础工艺性能的烧结优化配矿方法研究进展

铁矿粉供应的复杂多变加剧了烧结配矿的难度,易导致烧结生产及烧结矿性能的不稳定。传统的烧结杯试验配矿方法费时费力,研究开发新的优化配矿方法替代传统烧结杯试验配矿方法是钢铁企业提高配矿效率、实现降本增效的重要途径。详细介绍了铁矿粉常温性能、铁矿粉高温性能、热力学计算等指导烧结配矿的方法,分析了主要烧结配矿方法的技术特点,对烧结配矿研究方向进行了展望。指出铁矿粉的高温性能是基于铁矿粉基础工艺性能的烧结优化配矿方法的核心。查明铁矿粉关键基础工艺性能与烧结产质量的关系,是解决烧结优化配矿可靠性的关键。     

Improvement of sintering characteristics by selective granulation of high Al2O3 iron ores and ultrafine iron ores

The worldwide steel companies are expected to use low grade iron ores such as pisolitic iron ores, high Al₂O₃ iron ores and ultrafine iron ores etc. in their sinter blends due to the depletion of high grade iron ores or for the economic reason. This study investigated the methods for improving sintering characteristics without deteriorating sintering productivity and sinter quality by blending mini-pellets comprising high Al₂O₃ pisolitic iron ores and ultrafine iron ores containing low alumina. The results showed that the blending of iron ore mini-pellets produced by selective granulation is an effective way to improve sintering productivity and sinter quality without increasing the Al₂O₃ content in sinter as well as to effectively utilise high Al₂O₃ iron ores and ultrafine iron ores in the sintering process.     

铁矿石高温烧结基础特性评价方法的国外研究进展

 随着全球优质铁矿石日益减少、资源禀赋变差,国内外钢厂普遍面临着烧结原料供应不稳定、铁矿石性质波动大、原料结构频繁变化等问题,对烧结生产、高炉冶炼和产品质量产生了极大的不利影响。因此,开展铁矿石烧结性能评价研究具有重要的现实意义。铁矿石烧结基础特性可分为冷态特性和高温特性两大类,前者主要包括铁矿石的化学成分、粒度组成、矿物学特性等常温性质,后者主要包括铁矿石的同化性能、液相生成特性等高温成矿行为及实际烧结性能。概述了国外关于铁矿石高温烧结基础特性评价方法的研究进展,系统归纳了不同研究机构提出的评价指标和试验方法。已有研究表明,现有基于团块烧结法的评价方法虽然对铁矿石不同的烧结行为分别进行了深入研究,但未能在其与铁矿石的实际烧结性能之间建立起准确可靠的关系,主要原因在于,对影响铁矿石实际烧结性能的最关键因素把握不准,同时对烧结过程的模拟性有待提高。因此,揭示铁矿石基础特性与其烧结性能的内在联系,首要前提在于必须深入研究和把握“铁矿石-制粒物料-烧结矿”不同阶段物料性质的传递规律,查明影响铁矿粉烧结过程的主要因素,这对找准高温烧结基础特性研究的切入点具有十分重要的意义。     

邯钢非主流矿的基础特性与互补配矿的试验研究

对邯钢烧结用非主流矿的物化性能及高温特性进行了系统研究,并针对南非精粉同化性及流动性差的问题开展了互补配矿的优化研究。结果表明,杨迪粉与南非精粉混合比例为3:1时,混合矿粉的同化性能和液相流动性明显改善,可以达到烧结生产提质增效的要求。     

铁矿粉烧结基础特性之同化性研究进展

烧结矿在中国高炉的入炉炉料中所占比例为70%左右,烧结工序能耗占钢铁生产能耗的8%～10%,合理优化烧结配矿过程有利于钢铁企业增产降耗。利用铁矿粉烧结高温基础特性指导优化配矿更符合生产实际,基础特性中的同化性反映铁矿粉与CaO熔剂形成液相的难易程度,影响烧结矿的矿物组成、冷态性能及冶金性能,近年来相关研究取得了较大的进展。首先总结了铁矿粉同化性的研究历程,以及当前同化性检测的方法及设备,探讨了各种方法的优缺点,随后分析了不同铁矿粉化学成分等对最低同化温度的影响。结果表明,随着SiO₂、Al₂O₃含量的增加,最低同化温度先降低后升高;MgO、(Al₂O₃+SiO₂+MgO)含量的增加使最低同化温度升高。对不同含铁矿物而言,一般表现为褐铁矿同化性优于赤铁矿,磁铁矿的同化性最差。最后,在前人研究的基础上,基于烧结工艺、优化配矿以及实践经验,总结并探讨了现阶段存在的问题,并尝试提出了未来相关研究的方向。     

褐铁矿在烧结工艺中的优化配置

为了探究全进口矿条件下褐铁矿在烧结工艺中的合理配置,实现褐铁矿的高效利用以进一步提铁降本,针对S钢铁公司500 m2大型烧结机实际原燃料条件,基于试验用铁矿粉的常规理化性能和高温烧结基础特性开展了不同褐铁矿配比的烧结杯试验研究,结合Factsage 7.1热力学软件,模拟计算了不同褐铁矿配比条件下的黏附粉含量和理论液相生成量及性能,并采用矿相显微镜分析了烧结矿的显微结构,探明了褐铁矿与赤铁矿和磁铁矿的优化搭配规律。研究表明:澳大利亚褐铁矿具有粒度粗、矿化能力弱,同化温度低、黏结相强度差、吸液性强的特点,当褐铁矿质量分数由45%增加至55%时,提高磁铁精矿OD矿的质量分数至15%,同时降低OC矿质量分数至10%,烧结矿转鼓强度和低温还原粉化性能等指标达到最优,这是由于一方面提高磁铁精矿配比不仅具有增加黏附粉比例、改善液相生成数量和性能的作用,而且可以均匀液相分布,消除过熔现象;另一方面,增加磁铁精矿配比可以改善烧结料球的粒度组成,减少褐铁矿吸液量,提高烧结矿强度。因此,在高褐铁矿配比条件下,增加适宜的磁铁精矿配比有利于稳定烧结矿质量,全面改善烧结矿性能。      

褐铁矿在烧结中的高效使用技术

首先对澳洲褐铁矿及其他烧结常用铁矿粉的基础特性进行了研究,探讨了褐铁矿高效使用原则和方案,并通过烧结杯实验进行了验证.实验结果表明:褐铁矿具有含铁品位低、烧损含量高、SiO2含量高、粒度粗、黏附粉少、气孔率高、吸水量大、吸水速度快、制粒性差、同化性高、液相流动性小、黏结相强度低、铁酸钙生成能力强等特点,通过基于基础特性互补的烧结优化配矿、增加生石灰配加量、分割制粒等技术措施,褐铁矿使用比例能够达到50％(质量分数),为烧结高效使用褐铁矿技术提供理论基础和技术依据.     

某钢铁企业常用铁矿粉烧结基础性能及优化配矿

为了研究某钢铁企业常用铁矿粉基础特性之间的关系,优化烧结配矿,采用微型烧结法对其常用铁矿粉的烧结基础性能进行了试验研究,包括铁矿石的同化性、液相流动性、黏结相强度及铁酸钙生成能力。结果表明,澳金布巴粉同化温度最低,其同化性最强;巴西1SSFT同化温度最高,其同化性最弱。南非库伯粉液相流动性最好,澳纽曼粉流动性最差。澳金布巴粉黏结相强度最高,加拿大粉最低,澳纽曼粉铁酸钙生成能力最强,巴西2BRBF铁酸钙生成能力最弱。通过对某钢铁企业常用8种铁矿粉的基础特性研究,进行基础特性优化互补的配矿烧结杯试验,为烧结厂优化配矿提供依据。     

单种铁矿性能评价体系的设计与开发

针对国内外各种铁矿石性能差异较大的现状,为了更合理有效地评价和利用各种铁矿资源,将单种铁矿分为块矿、球团矿、富矿粉和精矿粉4种类型,并根据提供的铁矿数据设计了简易型和科学型2种评价模型,建立单种铁矿性能综合评价体系。结合某钢厂的烧结、炼铁生产实际参数,采用Visual Studio开发模型软件,对各种铁矿石做出快速、定量的综合评价,直接计算出最佳的采购参考价格。经企业应用表明,模型计算结果准确度高,为降低炼铁成本,提高生产效率提供了理论和技术依据。     

Influence of Iron Ore Characteristics on FeO Formation During Sintering

  The influence of iron ore characteristics on FeO formation during sintering was examined mainly in terms of chemical composition and the melting characteristics of iron ores. Statistical regression and X ray diffraction were used to further explain the specific effect of iron ore characteristics on FeO formation. The results indicate that LOI (loss on ignition) in iron ores have a positive influence on FeO formation by promoting the sintering process of Fe2O3 decomposing and reducing. Silica contents in iron ores play a determining role in final content of FeO in sinter. The melting characteristics of iron ores significantly affect FeO formation during sintering.     

承钢铁矿粉基础特性对烧结转鼓强度的影响

 承钢含铁原料的特点是含有较高的钒钛成分,黏结相不充分,烧结矿转鼓指数低,强度差。对承钢3种常用铁矿粉的同化温度、液相流动性、连晶强度、黏结相强度等基础特性指标和单烧试验结果进行分析比较,研究铁矿粉的基础特性对承钢3种铁矿粉单矿烧结矿转鼓强度的影响,为合理配矿提供参考。     

Rules of Assimilation of Single Ore and Mixed Ores

Assimilation behaviors of 7 kinds of iron ores from Australia, Brazil, India, South Africa and China were evaluated and analyzed. On the basis of that, four ore blending principles were proposed, and seven groups of iron ore powder blending schemes were designed. The ores of different types or from different places are shown apparently different in assimilation. The assimilation of hematite in Australia, Brazil and India is relatively high, but the assimilation of magnetite in South Africa and China and specularite in China is relatively low. The assimilation of the ores has negative correlation with MgO content and binary basicity, while the assimilation of the ores has positive correlation with porosity, SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents, and crystal water. The iron ores with smaller crystal size and microstructure looseness have relatively higher assimilation. Assimilation of mixed ores has relationship of linear, arch and “S” types to the ratio of single iron ore powder. When the charge ratio of ore is less than 25%, it possesses additivity, providing theoretical basis for optimization of ore matching.     

韶钢常用铁矿粉烧结高温特性的试验研究

采用微型烧结试验设备对韶钢10种铁矿粉的烧结高温特性进行研究，为烧结厂优化配矿和生产优质烧结矿提供了依据．     

几种常见进口铁矿石的烧结基础性能

根据中国常见进口铁矿石种类,选择了8种进口铁矿石进行烧结基础性能研究,包括同化性、铁酸钙生成能力和液相流动性。探讨了烧结原料基础性能与铁矿石物理化学性能之间的关系。随着铁矿石中TFe含量的增加,A／S和f。的降低,同化温度有增加的趋势。铁酸钙的生成能力随着A120。含量和A／S的增加而增多。随着SiO2含量的提高,Al...