基于数据挖掘算法的医疗网络安全风险评估

以提升医疗网络安全风险评估精度为目标，提出基于数据挖掘算法的医疗网络安全风险评估方法。首先采用病态指数循环分析法确定医疗网络安全风险评估指标，构建医疗网络安全风险评估指标体系，并采用层次分析法设置每个评估指标的权重值，然后采用马尔科夫链和模糊综合法设计医疗网络安全风险评估模型，最后进行医疗网络安全风险评估仿真测试实验。实验结果表明，风险评估结果符合实际情况，风险评估精度极高，评估结果有效可信。     

突发环境事件等级评估方法研究

为了快速确定不同类型指标下突发环境事件分级问题,从而快速准确地制定突发事件应急预案和调度应急资源,提出一种基于改进模糊综合评价方法的突发环境事件等级评估模型。该模型分别利用熵权法和改进模糊层次分析法求得客观权重与主观权重,并进行权重拟合求得综合权重,构建模糊评价矩阵求得最终评价结果,最后通过案例验证了方法的合理性和有效性。     

模糊熵层次分析法的网络安全评估方法研究

针对传统模糊层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)存在固定权重使得评估精度较低和简单的极大极小操作符影响评估准确度等问题,提出了一种改进的模糊熵层次分析模型用来评估网络安全。模型中主观权重利用层次分析法求解,客观权重采用信息熵计算,并给出了判断矩阵的一致性条件。最后,以实际案例的网络评估案例对本文所提方法进行分析验证,验证了判断矩阵满足一致性要求。通过与AHP法、信息熵法和传统模糊AHP法的对比,验证了本文所提方法在处理网络安全评估时具有一定优势。     

基于多维决策属性的网络用户行为可信度评估

网络用户行为可信的评估具有不确定性、复杂性等特点。针对已有模型在动态适应性、主观分类权重、决策属性建模粗糙等方面的不足,本文提出了一种新的网络用户行为可信评估模型。采用更完善的决策属性来衡量用户行为可信性,基于AHP原理计算直接可信度,运用信息熵理论客观的分类方法,确定各个决策属性的权重,并通过加权几何平均融合各决策属性。实验结果表明,该模型能够准确评价网络用户行为的可信性,反映网络用户行为可信性的动态变化特性。与传统模型相比,在准确度和安全性方面有了很大提高。     

基于FAHP和FMCDM构建软件可信性评估模型*

结合软件可信性评估的特点及模糊理论的最新进展,提出一种基于模糊层次分析法和模糊多指标决策理论的评估模型。首先针对软件可信性没有一致定义的现状,提出了相对可信性的概念;接着基于模糊数理论,用三角模糊数表示专家评估中语言变量的主观性和模糊性,结合专家给出的模糊指标权重及待评软件可信等级的模糊评价,得到软件可信性的集成模糊评价;最后,将该模型应用到国内某汽车制造企业整车产品开发项目管理软件评估中,实例说明软件可信性评估的具体过程,结果验证了该模型的实效性。     

一种需求驱动的软件可信性评估及演化模型

软件可信性评估模型的构建依赖于对特定应用领域中可信需求的准确提取和指标系统的合理建立.对于体系结构庞大、非功能性需求复杂的软件而言,可信需求往往随着软件运行状态的转移而不断发生变化.由于可信需求的动态演化将直接影响指标系统的稳定性,因此引起了可信软件研究领域专家的广泛关注.针对该问题,给出一种需求驱动的软件可信性评估及演化模型.首先,剖析和总结软件可信性评估过程中涉及的关键技术,如需求分析与指标提取、可信证据采集与转换、可信性评估推理等,讨论了可信性需求演化背景下的可信性评估自主求解问题.其次,为了分析可信属性间的内在联系及可信属性相对权重的变化规律,给出关联矩阵的概念,并在此基础上提出应用于软件可信性评估指标系统自主配置的自适应重构器.最后,给出软件可信性评估及演化模型的整体框架.实验结果证明了该模型的合理性和正确性.     

基于改进模糊综合评价的旱情评估模型

通过对降水量、土壤相对湿度及植被供水指数等三个反映旱情的指标进行介绍,就传统综合评价法在权重确定方面的随意性和主观性问题,提出一种基于信息熵与层次分析法的改进模糊综合评估模型。该模型利用层次分析法计算主观权重,利用信息熵计算客观权重,并进行权重拟合,从而得到综合权重,最后计算出综合评价结果。经过和其他评估方法相比,该模型的评估结果更为合理、准确。     

基于熵权法和模糊评价的信息化厂商评价研究

针对信息化厂商综合评价中各指标的模糊性和不确定性,尝试综合运用层次分析法、熵权法和模糊综合评价法,构建主观权重和客观权重相结合的模糊综合评价法以评价信息化厂商质量。采用层次分析和熵权法分别确定主观权重和客观权重,挖掘指标样本值的客观信息差异,力图使结果更为客观。应用供电企业信息化厂商实际数据测算结果验证了熵权组合权重的信息化厂商的模糊综合评价模型的有效性和实用性。     

基于自适应专家权重的信息系统风险评估模型

针对风险评估过程中存在专家权重难以合理设置,评估结果受专家主观性影响大等问题,提出一种基于自适应专家权重的信息系统风险评估模型SAEW-ISRA,给出一种细粒度专家权重自适应调整方法。首先,在评估过程中引入三角模糊数对风险指标属性评分;其次,根据专家评分模糊度描述专家知识量,结合与专家群体评分的距离构建后验权重,可使专家权重自适应调整,同时使用模糊层次分析法构建风险指标权重;然后,提出信息系统风险指标危险度量化方法,可计算风险值;最后,通过某信息系统的风险评估实例验证所提方法能达到更高的评估准确性,同时在一定程度上解决了评估过程中权重不合理问题。     

一种软件实用性模糊评估方法

软件的多样性使用户很难选择适合应用需求的实用软件,本文给出软件实用性定义并对其属性进行深入分析,提出一种基于AHP(层次分析法)理论的软件实用性模糊评估方法,将AHP方法与模糊评判法则相结合.建立应用需求驱动的实用性指标树动态构建模型,设计具有动态扩展性的实用性指标数据库,建立软件实用性模糊评估过程模型,详细阐述指标分级模型框架和基于AHP的软件实用性模糊评估方法.最后,结合“Trustie协同开发平台在电力行业生产管理系统开发中的应用”项目予以验证.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.