糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂杀菌性能

利用抑菌圈法对糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂(SGCS)和糖基阳离子表面活性剂(SCS)对大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性能进行了评价。SGCS的抑菌性能优于SCS;抑菌圈随着SGCS碳链增长先增大后变小,C_(12)-SGCS具有较佳的抑菌性能。C_(12)-SGCS和C_(12)-SCS对硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)、铁细菌(FEB)、腐生菌菌群(TGB)、E.coli和禾谷镰刀菌的杀菌性能表明,C_(12)-SGCS的杀菌性能优于C_(12)-SCS,当C_(12)-SGCS的质量浓度为15 mg/L时对SRB,FEB和TGB的杀菌率均超过99%。SGCS抑菌杀菌更广谱高效,具有良好的应用前景。     

糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂与十二烷基硫酸钠复配性能研究

测定了糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂(SGCS)与十二烷基硫酸钠(K_(12))复配体系的稳定性和表面性能。由实验结果可知,在宽的复配范围内不同碳链长度的SGCS与K_(12)均有良好的复配稳定性;C_(14)-SGCS/K_(12)复配体系表现出明显的协同增效作用,当n(C_(14)-SGCS)∶n(K_(12))为3∶5时复配溶液临界胶束浓度(cmc)、cmc时的表面张力(γ_(cmc))和降低表面张力的效率(pc_(20))分别为1.1×10~(-5) mol/L、23.69 mN/m和5.48,均明显优于C_(14)-SGCS和K_(12)自身的表面性能。     

新型糖基阳离子表面活性剂与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

采用荧光光谱法和三维荧光光谱法研究了糖基阳离子表面活性剂N,N-二甲基-N[3-(糖酰胺基)]丙基-N-十四烷基溴化铵(C_(14)DGPB)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。考察了各因素对C_(14)DGPB与BSA相互作用的影响。结果表明,当作用时间为30 min,NaCl的浓度为0.03 mol/L,pH=6.6时,为C_(14)DGPB与BSA相互作用的较佳条件;通过计算可以得到不同温度下C_(14)DGPB对BSA的动态猝灭常数、结合参数和热力学参数;由热力学参数确定它们之间的作用力主要是疏水作用力,对酪氨酸和色氨酸的疏水微环境影响较大。     

糖基双子表面活性剂的研究进展

综述了烷基糖苷型、烷基糖(酰)胺型、脂肪酸糖酯型和特种糖基非离子型双子表面活性剂的结构特点、制备方法、性能、应用及其在溶液中的聚集行为、相转变等自组装特性,最后给出了糖基双子表面活性剂在国内的发展建议。     

离子型糖基表面活性剂的合成研究进展

详细综述了近年来国内外对离子型糖基表面活性剂的合成研究成果,按照其结构特点对其进行归纳和总结,主要介绍了阴离子型、阳离子型、两性离子型和阴阳离子型糖基表面活性剂的合成方法和制备过程,并展望了其合成研究发展方向.     

非离子表面活性剂存在下D4阳离子乳液聚合的研究

研究了八甲基环四硅氧烷（简称D4）在非离子表面活性剂存在下的阳离子乳液聚合;讨论了温度、乳化剂、电解质等因素对反应速度的影响以及不同条件下乳液聚合的动力学数据;探讨了非离子表面活性剂存在下的阳离子乳液聚合的反应机理。     

阳离子表面活性剂合成研究进展

阳离子表面活性剂极性基带正电荷,易于在带负电的表面上吸附成膜,具有其他类型表面活性剂不具备的特殊性质,如抗静电、柔软、杀菌抑菌、缓蚀等性能,介绍了近年来发展较快的几类阳离子表面活性剂,并预测了未来阳离子表面活性剂的发展方向。     

乙二醇基Gemini表面活性剂的合成研究进展

综述了以乙二醇为原料制备阳离子、阴离子、非离子和两性离子Gemini表面活性剂的合成方法,并对合成路线进行了总结和分析,对产物的性能及其应用进行了阐述。以乙二醇为主要原料合成的Gemini表面活性剂具有更高的表面活性、较低的临界胶束浓度、良好的润湿性和抗菌性,应用范围较广。     

双酯基季铵盐的合成工艺研究

本文报道了双酯基季铵盐的合成研究结果,确定了最佳工艺条件.     

一种酯型双子表面活性剂的合成及其协同效应

通过酯化、溴代和季铵化反应,合成了以乙氧基为联接基的酯型双子(Gemini)阳离子表面活性剂N,N′-双(二甲基十二酸乙酯基)乙醚溴化铵([C11H23COOCH2CH2N (CH3)2CH2CH2OCH2CH2N (CH3)2CH2CH2OOCC11H23].2Br-,Ⅱ-12-EO2)。以表面张力法和稳态荧光法考察了Ⅱ-12-EO2与十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系在40℃时0.1 mol.L-1溴化钠水溶液中的表面化学性质和胶束化行为。得到Ⅱ-12-EO2的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为1.25×10-4mol.L-1,最低表面张力(γcmc)为28.4 mN.m-1。采用稳态荧光法以芘(Py)为荧光探针,Ⅱ-12-EO2的胶束栅栏层的微极性,较一般表面活性剂大,达到1.4,与SDS的复配体系在1.2左右;以十二烷基溴化吡啶为猝灭剂,测定体系的胶束聚集数为15。运用非理想混合表面活性剂分子相互作用理论计算出Ⅱ-12-EO2与SDS复配体系的相互作用参数(β),复配体系具有降低表面张力效率、形成胶束能力和降低表面张力能力方面的协同效应。     

新型Gemini表面活性剂的合成与结构表征

采用乙二胺、乙烯磺酸钠和癸酸等为主要原料,在低温常压下,经过加成、酰化等反应,合成了一种新的Gem in i(双子)表面活性剂——N,N’-双癸酰基乙二胺二乙磺酸钠,以1H NMR和IR进行结构表征,考察了原料的物料比、反应温度、反应时间等工艺条件对产物收率的影响。结果表明,最佳合成条件:以水和丙酮混合溶液作溶剂,中间体与癸酰氯的摩尔比为1∶2.1,反应温度10℃,反应时间5 h。     

糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂的表面活性

通过吊片法和最大泡压法测定了4种糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂(SGCS)的平衡表面张力和动态表面张力,对其表面活性进行了评价。SGCS的γcmc在30 m N/m左右,cmc均在10-4mol/L数量级,比普通阳离子表面活性剂的cmc低1~2个数量级,表明SGCS具有优良的表面活性。SGCS的lg ccmc和pc20与疏水基的碳链长度符合线性关系。随着SGCS浓度的增大,动态表面张力下降速度加快,更容易达到介平衡。随着温度的升高,动态表面张力下降速率加快,说明温度越高动态表面活性越强。     

Synthesis,interfacial properties,and antimicrobial activity of a new cationic gemini surfactant

Tetramethylene-1,4-bis(N,N-dodecylammonium bromide), cationic gemini surfactant, (12-4-12) was first synthesized with an one-step and shortened procedure and its interfacial and antimicrobial properties were compared with a conventional single-chain cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The interfacial and thermodynamic properties of both surfactants reveal that critical micelle concentration (CMC) of this novel synthetic cationic dimeric surfactant is lower than that of cationic monomeric surfactant at almost 15 times of its magnitude, which is due to the increase in hydrophobicity of the surfactant molecules by having dual hydrocarbon chains. In comparison with CTAB, the produced compound 12-4-12 yields much better interfacial and thermodynamic properties. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized gemini surfactant were tested against eight strains of bacteria, as well as two strains of fungi. The results showed that both 12-4-12 compound and CTAB exhibited higher inhibitory effects on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi than that of Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations in molar of 12-4-12 against all tested Gram-negative bacteria were lower than those of CTAB, which is hypothetically due to the lower HLB together with smaller CMC values of our gemini surfactant.     

Preparation and properties of a new type of carbohydrate-based cationic surfactant

A new type of cationic surfactant, 6-O-monoesters of 3-(trimethylammonio)propyl d-glucopyranoside, was prepared in high yield by a simple chemoenzymatic synthesis. Surface-active properties of the compounds were found to be highly dependent on the fatty acyl chain length in the 6-O-position with the dodecanoyl and tetradecanoyl esters exhibiting the highest ability to lower surface tension as well as having the lowest critical micelle concentration values. Furthermore, the dodecanoyl ester had excellent foaming properties. The new surfactants also showed antimicrobial activity. Thus, the most potent compound, the dodecanoyl ester, was able to inhibit growth of both bacterial (Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative) and fungal test strains. The antimicrobial effect was somewhat weaker compared to benzalkonium chloride, one of the most frequently used cationics for topical disinfection. However, compared to benzalkonium chloride, the new cationics exhibit a highly improved compatibility with anionic surfactants, as no precipitation took place even in highly concentrated solutions thereby providing a much more robust antimicrobial system. Finally, the new surfactants are expected to be readily biodegradable because they are carbohydrate ester-based.     

阳离子表面活性剂在活性炭上的吸附研究

利用表面张力法测定了活性炭自水溶液中吸附阳离子表面活性剂3－烷氧基－2－羟丙基三甲基氯化铵（CnNCl)的吸附等温线，应用热力学公式计算出了吸附过程的ΔG^0、ΔH^0和ΔS^0，实验结果表明，CnNCl同系物的吸附量随温度的升高而降低，随表面活性剂中疏水基碳链的增长而升高。吸附过程为一熵增加过程。     

制备土聚水泥中若干因素的影响

作为一种新型胶凝材料，土聚水泥的制备和水化机理完全不同于普通硅酸盐水泥，其性能及应用领域也远比普通硅酸盐水泥优越，是一种有望取代硅酸盐水泥的极有发展潜力的胶凝材料，文章在评述国外现有研究成果的基础上，通过试验研究了制备土聚水泥中若干因素的影响。