基于改进遗传算法的水电厂经济运行研究

随着电力市场化的逐步实施,发电企业将会参与市场竞争.水电厂经济运行能提高1%～3%的水力效率,水电厂应尽快实现经济运行.以丰满水电厂发电机出力与耗流量函数为基础,应用改进遗传算法对水电厂进行计及开停机的优化调度计算.在改进遗传算法中,采取了自适应和精英保留策略以及移民算子,提出了方向性变异的观点,改进了变异方法.计算结果与自动发电控制(AGC)方法进行了比较,表明算法具有一定的优势.     

PLC在水电厂负荷控制中的应用

详细介绍了可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）在水电厂负荷控制中的应用，从系统的组成开始分析了系统的整体功能及系统的设计过程。通过对控制过程及实现过程的分析，以逻辑图的方式展示了PLC控制程序对上网负荷控制的清晰流程。试验结果表明，系统可以轻松地完成全厂的功率调节，实现对上网负荷的控制。     

基于BP神经网络的洪灾经济损失评估

在分析洪灾经济损失主要影响因素的基础上,采用基于MATLAB的BP神经网络结构,构造洪灾经济损失评估的BP人工神经网络模型,并进行实证分析,得到了比较合理的计算结果.     

Long-term Uncertainty of Hydropower Revenue Due to Climate Change and Electricity Prices

Hydropower represents the world’s largest renewable energy source. As a flexible technology, it enhances reliability and security of the electricity system. However, climate change and market liberalization may hinder investment due to the evolution of water runoffs and electricity prices. Both alter expected revenue and bring uncertainty. It increases risk and deters investment. Our research assesses how climate change and market fluctuation affect annual revenue. But this paper focuses on the uncertainty, rather than on forecasting. This transdisciplinary topic is investigated by means of a mixed method, i.e. both quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative approach uses established models in natural sciences and economics. The uncertainty is accounted for by applying various scenarios and various datasets coming from different models. Based on those results, uncertainty is discussed through an analysis discerning three dimensions of uncertainty. Uncertainty analysis requires the assessment of a large panel of models and data sets. It is therefore rarely carried out. The originality of the paper also lies on the combination of quantitative established models with a qualitative analysis. The results surprisingly show that the greenhouse gas scenarios may in fact represent a low source of uncertainty, unlike electricity prices. Like forecasting, the main uncertainties are actually case study related and depend on the investigated variables. It is also shown that the nature of uncertainty evolves. Runoff uncertainty goes from variability, i.e. inherent randomness, to epistemic, i.e. limitation of science. The reverse situation occurs with the electricity price. The implications for scientists and policy makers are discussed.     

竹子坪水电站对凤滩水库防洪影响分析

文章针对修建竹子坪水电站工程对凤滩水库的防洪影响作了详细的分析和说明,并提出了几点有效建议,以减小修建竹子坪水电站对凤滩水库防洪的影响。     

IEC 61850标准在智能水电厂数据通信中的应用

为实现水电厂设备间的互操作和信息共享,智能水电厂应采用IEC 61850标准实现数据通信。文中介绍了应用IEC 61850标准的智能水电厂通信关键技术,给出了水电厂现地水情遥测系统的IEC 61850建模实例,描述了智能水电厂通信服务器端应实现的通信服务子集。同时,提出了一种智能水电厂IEC 61850通信客户端软件的实现方案,介绍了该软件的框架设计、数据接收功能和控制功能的实现。     

溃坝经济损失评估方法研究简

 根据溃坝洪水演进特征及其对经济财产的破坏作用,提出了一种基于淹没范围区划的溃坝经济损失评估方法。为便于确定溃坝洪水财产损失率,将溃坝洪水淹没范围划分为6种区域溃决区、毁灭区、重灾区、中灾区、轻灾区及安全区,制定了溃坝洪水淹没区划标准及每种分区财产损失率的建议表。为避免溃坝洪水淹没范围区划中的不相容问题,提出了基于物元模型的溃坝洪水淹没范围区划方法。该评估方法简便快捷,可以节省工作量,实现快速评估。     

溃坝经济损失评估方法研究

根据溃坝洪水演进特征及其对经济财产的破坏作用,提出了一种基于淹没范围区划的溃坝经济损失评估方法。为便于确定溃坝洪水财产损失率,将溃坝洪水淹没范围划分为6种区域溃决区、毁灭区、重灾区、中灾区、轻灾区及安全区,制定了溃坝洪水淹没区划标准及每种分区财产损失率的建议表。为避免溃坝洪水淹没范围区划中的不相容问题,提出了基于物元模型的溃坝洪水淹没范围区划方法。该评估方法简便快捷,可以节省工作量,实现快速评估。     

滑坡堰塞湖溃坝波影响因素分析

滑坡堰塞湖坝体随着上游水位的不断上升极易失稳。基于流体计算软件Fluent,对水体在重力作用下的塌落及演进过程进行数值模拟,分析溃坝洪水在下游河道传播过程中的影响因素,结果表明:上下游水深比、下游河道坡降及弯曲程度均对溃坝洪水的推进速度、波形及流量产生影响。水深比比较小时,下游洪水推进较快;下游河道坡降越大,洪水推进速度越快,流量越大;下游河道弯曲度≥0.25时,溃坝洪水受影响比较明显,波前传播速度减缓,能量耗散增大。     

关于我省小水电问题的几点思考

从广东小水电发展的三个阶段,分析出小水电主要存在重建轻管、水量利用率低、功能少、科技含量不足、电价低等问题.提出今后发展应注意:兴建调节库容梯级开发、利用科技进步、挖潜改造以及完善内部管理提高经济效益.     

发展小水电 促进农村经济发展

云南省是水能资源大省,水能资源十分丰富,境内有金沙江、澜沧江、怒江、珠江、红河和伊洛瓦底江六大水系,大小河流共600多条.水能资源理论蕴藏量10438.6万千瓦,约占全国的15%,位居全国第三位;技术可开发装机容量10193.91万千瓦(其中5万千瓦及以下水电站技术可开发量达1650万千瓦),约占全国的19%,位居全国第三位;经济可开发装机容量9795.04万千瓦,约占全国的24.4%,位居全国第二位.使以中小水电(25万千瓦及以下)开发为主体的农村水电的发展有了充足的资源条件.     

数字化水电站监控系统架构

介绍了基于5S模型的数字化水电站监控系统层次结构模型,以及实现该架构需要研究的关键技术,主要包括面向服务的通用平台、实时高效的数据库、遵循IEC 61850的数据模型、遵循IEC61970的应用插件等.     

适应于农村小水电改造的双通道励磁调节器

针对我国农村小水电站励磁系统技术落后,事故多而改造经费严重不足的状况,提出了一种可在不改动原有功率单元和操作回路的条件下替换故障率较高的调节单元,并能显著提高系统调节品质和可靠性的微机和模拟双通道的励磁调节器。本调节器适用于单机容量在5 000kW以下农村小水电的技术改造。     

流域化水电厂采购招标的全周期经济最优的思考

为适应清洁能源快速发展的形势,探讨了依靠流域化统筹、精细化管理及企业全员关心采购招标的理念,合法合规高效地完成流域水电厂采购招标的任务,以达到＂采购费用＋运行费用＂的全周期经济最优的目的。     

水电站有压输水系统的水力共振

揭示了水电站有压输水系统中发生水力共振的可能性，给出输水系统水力振动特性的评估方法和水电站可能的水力共振的预测及分析方法，并通过实际水力系统的算例分析说明该方法的应用。     

Estimating the Economic Costs of Hydrologic Data Collection

This paper examines the estimation of the economic costs of hydrologic data collection using the concept of opportunity cost. The opportunity cost of operating a hydrologic data collection network is equal to the maximum value the resources used in its operation would have if they were free to be used in another area. A method for estimating the opportunity cost of operating individual stations is developed in this paper. This method is then demonstrated using representative opportunity cost estimates for individual stations in a hypothetical network based on the Victorian hydrologic data collection network, Australia. An important distinction is made between financial costs and economic costs, particularly with respect to their relative suitabilities for use in different applications.     

GIS技术在水电站项目水土流失调查中的应用

以新疆某水电站为研究对象,利用GIS技术,通过RUSLE数学模型实现水土流失量计算,并提取了土壤侵蚀强度图,提高了水土流失调查工作效率和精度,为水土保持措施设计提供了技术支撑。     

Optimization of Losses in the Shaft-End Seals of High-Power Feedwater Pumps of Thermal Power Plants

The losses in the shaft-end seals of high-power feed water pumps are estimated. The effects of different seal designs on the overall efficiency of the pump     

Losses of Juvenile and Adult Fishes at the Nanticoke Thermal Generating Station Due to Entrapment,Impingement, and Entrainment

From April 1976 to June 1977, juvenile and adult fish mortality at the Nanticoke Thermal Generating Station (TGS) was determined by examining the numbers, sizes, species, and health of fish entrapped by the western intake, impinged on the travelling screens, and entrained through the tempering pumps. These data indicate that the cooling water system of Nanticoke TGS entraps many valuable commercial and sport species, virtually all of which are subsequently killed. Mortality of entrapped fish was primarily due to entrainment through the tempering pumps, with only a small fraction due to impingement on the travelling screens. Mortality was highest among transient schooling species. The contribution of the eastern and western intakes to fish entrapment and mortality appeared to differ significantly.     

水电厂开展状态检修技术的探讨

水电厂机组检修是一项经常性的工作,是确保机组安全运行的基础,机组的大小修原来都根据过去的有关规定按时进行,随着监测和诊断技术的不断进步,为水电厂开展状态检修提供了技术支撑,本文对这一问题进行了初步探讨.