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转基因食品及其检测技术的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
基因工程通过DNA重组技术,能够获得有特殊生物遗传性状和功能的遗传工程生物体(GMO)。基因工程技术应用于农业、食品工程,产生了转基因食品。本文概述了转基因食品在国内外的发展状况,并简要介绍了转基因食品检测技术的原理、优缺点及应用情况。 相似文献
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应用PCR技术进行转基因水稻检测研究。本文以转基因水稻为材料,以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法为基础,选择适用于转基因食品安全性检验的核酸检测技术,针对转基因水稻中普遍存在的花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV35S)启动子、胭脂碱合成酶(NOS)终止子、和转入苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简写为Bt)基因水稻的CrylAc片段进行PCR检测,建立适合转BT基因水稻的检测方法。该方法简便快速、检测结果与标准及其他文献资料相符。 相似文献
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转基因食品及其检测技术的发展现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了转基因食品的国内外发展现状,以及各国对转基因食品的不同管理模式。还着重介绍了转基因食品检测技术的基本方法、发展方向以及所面临的一些问题。 相似文献
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转基因作物的广泛种植为人类社会带来了巨大的经济利益和社会效益,有效缓解了因土地不足或病虫害导致的粮食减产和不足的现状。由于目前转基因食品的生物安全仍存在不确定性,随着其种植面积的逐年增加,转基因食品检测在转基因生物安全监管中的作用越来越重要。因此,建立简单、快速、适用性强的转基因检测方法对转基因食品监管、评估和风险防范等具有重大的意义。本文针对目前三大类,分别为基于核酸水平的检测、基于蛋白水平的检测和基于代谢物水平检测的具体转基因检测技术的原理、应用和研究进展进行概述,并对相关的检测方法及其适用范围进行了简单概括,对比不同检测技术的优势和劣势,指出了目前转基因生物检测技术存在的问题,展望了未来转基因检测技术的发展方向,以期使人们对转基因检测技术的现状和发展趋势有较为清晰和全面的了解。 相似文献
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玉米加工食品中转基因成分的PCR检测 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过分子生物学手段,以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术为基础,建立了从玉米加工食品中检测转基因成分的方法,实验分别采用CTAB法(十六烷基三乙基溴化铵)和试剂盒(Kit)方法对市场上选购的玉米片,玉米面,香脆玉米角,窝窝头,爆玉米等5种玉米食品中的DNA进行了提取,并用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法对玉米内标基因Inverase进行扩增,采用凝胶电泳对结果分析,比较两种DNA提取方法的优越性,再对通常转入的基因构建元件35S启动子,NOS终止子进行扩增对玉米转基因成分进行检验,结果表明:试剂盒法对玉米加工食品中的总DNA有更好的提取效果,并得到一个适宜的扩增条件参数;5种玉米食品的转基因检测结果均为阳性,即都含有转基因成分。 相似文献
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转基因食品及其安全性研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着生物技术的发展,转基因食品逐渐走进我们的生活。本文概述了转基因食品及其类型。简要回顾了转基因食品的国内外发展现状,探讨了国际上倍受关注的转基因食品安全性问题,详细阐述了转基因食品的功能及其检测技术,最后对转基因食品的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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转基因食品是指利用基因工程(转基因技术在物种基因组中嵌入了(非同种)特定的外源基因的食品,包括转基因植物食品、转基因动物食品和转基因微生物食品。转基因作为一种新兴的生物技术手段,它的不成熟和不确定性,必然使得转基因食品的安全性成为人们关注的焦点。 相似文献
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转基因植物食品的检测策略 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
近年来 ,随着越来越多的转基因植物被批准商业化生产 ,由此衍生而来的转基因食品数量也迅速增加 ,引起了社会各界对转基因食品的广泛关注。为了消除消费者对转基因食品安全性的疑虑 ,保证转基因植物的健康发展 ,包括我国政府在内的世界上许多国家针对转基因食品的研究开发制定了严格的管理条例 ,转基因食品的标识制度是其中重要的一条。建立准确可靠的转基因食品鉴别技术是贯彻转基因食品标识制度的基础。本文在对转基因食品与传统食品的差异进行详细分析的基础上 ,讨论了鉴别转基因食品的一般策略 ,并对利用PCR技术鉴别转基因食品的基本原理及技术要点作了简要介绍 相似文献
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食品中转基因成分的检测 总被引:24,自引:1,他引:23
为了满足转基因食品标记的需要,首先必须检测鉴定食品中外缘基因或其基因产物的有无。本文简单介绍了外缘基因的结构和常见的检测方法,重点介绍了一种比较有效的检控技术-PCR。 相似文献
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转基因食品中外源基因非预期效应的分子检测技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
转基因食品中外源基因的非预期效应可以引起转基因食品的营养成分含量发生变化 ,甚至产生一些新的毒性物质 ,是转基因植物食品安全性评价的重要内容之一。由于外源基因非预期效应的不可预见性 ,因此用常规的分析技术难以准确测定。利用蛋白质组定量分析技术和基因芯片技术从蛋白质组和mRNA水平上比较转基因植物食品和非转基因植物食品的基因表达差异 ,是检测外源基因非预期效应的有效手段。文中对利用蛋白质组分析技术和基因芯片技术检测转基因食品中外源基因非预期效应的应用进展进行了综述分析。 相似文献
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Since genetically modified (GM) crops and foods began to appear in market, the detection of these GM foods has become an important
issue. Efficient and reliable methods are urgently needed to analyze the GM content of a large quantity of foods. However,
most foods are processed through heating or cooking, and their proteins are denatured. Therefore, DNA rather than protein
is the major target for detecting GM foods. In this report, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with dual sets of
DNA primers, which co-amplified the soybean-specific lectin gene and the transgenic petunia transit peptide sequence (CTP)
in the 5′ end of the 5-enol-pyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene within the same reaction. PCR with these two
sets of primers reacted specifically with lectin gene and CTP, and can detect soybean with GM content less than 1%. PCR detecting
both lectin gene and CTP was also applied to a soybean-derived product tou-kan, a traditional oriental food. Results indicated
that although DNA was partially degraded in tou-kan, this PCR method was still able to detect the presence of EPSPS gene.
However, when the DNA within tou-kan was destroyed badly, neither lectin nor EPSPS genes were detected by the PCR suggested
here. Finally, an examination procedure for the Roundup Ready soybean was suggested according to the results of PCR with dual
pairs of DNA primers. The proposed PCR method has proved to be a reliable and efficient method for detecting the GM content
of the processed foods from Roundup Ready soybean.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2006,39(2):250-255
Different foodstuffs for humans and monogastric animals were analysed to detect CryIA(b)gene and quantify the CryIA(b) protein present in the transgenic maize used as an ingredient. Eight out of 32 foods obtained from the market showed to have been elaborated with transgenic Bt maize. Specific primers used to identify the transgenic event revealed that Mon810 was predominantly present in the foodstuffs. A commercial ELISA test allowed the quantification of the CryIA(b) protein in low processed foods, and found that 0.1 ppm was the highest value per gram of food. A Western blot carried out with immuno-purified polyclonal antibodies was capable of detecting both the intact or degraded CryIA(b) protein depending on the food assayed. 相似文献
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转基因大豆及其制品的安全性和检测研究现状 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
转基因大豆及其制品日益增多,已经直接或间接地成为人类消费的食品,进入人们的食物链.转基因大豆及其制品对人体健康及生态环境的影响越来越引起人们关注.在查阅文献的基础上,对转基因大豆及其制品的安全性、检测现状进行了概述,以期为人们在这方面研究和认识提供一些借鉴. 相似文献
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Hsiao‐Wei Wen Wlodzimierz Borejsza‐Wysocki Thomas R. DeCory Richard A. Durst 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2007,6(2):47-58
ABSTRACT: Attention to peanut allergy has been rising rapidly for the last 5 y, because it accounts for the majority of severe food‐related anaphylaxis, it tends to appear early in life, and it usually is not resolved. Low milligram amounts of peanut allergens can induce severe allergic reactions in highly sensitized individuals, and no cure is available for peanut allergy. This review presents updated information on peanut allergy, peanut allergens (Ara h1 to h8), and available methods for detecting peanuts in foods. These methods are based on the detection of either peanut proteins or a specific DNA fragment of peanut allergens. A summary of published methods for detecting peanut in foods is given with a comparison of assay formats, target analyte, and assay sensitivity. Moreover, a summary of the current availability of commercial peanut allergen kits is presented with information about assay format, target analyte, sensitivity, testing time, company/kit name, and AOAC validation. 相似文献
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Detection of genetically modified organisms in foods by DNA amplification techniques 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
García-Cañas V Cifuentes A González R 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2004,44(6):425-436
In this article, the different DNA amplification techniques that are being used for detecting genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in foods are examined. This study intends to provide an updated overview (including works published till June 2002) on the principal applications of such techniques together with their main advantages and drawbacks in GMO detection in foods. Some relevant facts on sampling, DNA isolation, and DNA amplification methods are discussed. Moreover; these analytical protocols are discuissed from a quantitative point of view, including the newest investigations on multiplex detection of GMOs in foods and validation of methods. 相似文献