湿热环境对碳纳米管复合材料界面应力传递的影响

基于碳纳米管的热膨胀系数及弹性模量分别为温度变化的函数,基体的热、湿膨胀系数及弹性模量分别为温度变化和湿度变化的函数,应用连续介质力学的经典弹性壳理论及传统纤维拉拔模型,分析了湿热环境对碳纳米管复合材料界面应力传递的影响。数值计算表明,湿度、温度的效应及碳纳米管的层数等参数对界面应力的传递均有显著影响。     

短纤维交错排布复合材料沿轴等效模量的理论预测

该文针对高性能短纤维交错排布复合材料的刚度预测发展了三维"拉伸-剪切链"模型,并通过了有限元(FEM)计算验证,能够合理地预测短纤维交错排布复合材料的等效模量。验证结果显示,对于纤维长细比的变化、纤维体积含量的变化、纤维和基体间弹性模量比的变化,三维"拉伸-剪切链"模型都可以给出合理的预测,为短纤维交错排布复合材料的刚度设计提供了理论指导和参考依据。研究还显示,同样纤维体积含量和长细比下短纤维交错排布复合材料的等效模量远大于短纤维对齐排布的等效模量,说明了短纤维交错排布结构的优越性。     

纤维分布方式对碳纤维—铜复合材料导热性能的影响

研究了纤维排布方式和纤维含量对碳纤维－－铜复合材料热悍率的影响，结果表明，随纤维含量增加，复合材料的热导率下降；短纤维无序分布的复合材料的热导率大于纤维呈双向正交和涡卷状分布的复合材料的热导率。     

芳纶短纤维增强天然橡胶耐磨材料的研究

利用芳纶短纤维增强天然橡胶耐磨材料,研究了纤维含量、长度和纤维粘合处理、混炼工艺等因素对短纤维复合材料性能的影响及芳纶浆粕和短纤维增强复合材料的热老化性能。实验发现,在开炼机上将芳纶短纤维直接加入母校炼校的混炼工艺和芳纶长复丝活化、浸ＲＦＬ后再短切的纤维处理方法可以实现纤维的较好分散和粘合。性能测试结果表明,芳纶短纤维使复合材料具有性能各向异性和更大的拉伸模量、硬度,更好的热老化性、耐溶剂性和纤维     

等效介质理论数值法计算复合材料的热膨胀系数

本文用一套等效介质理论的数值方法计算了球状微粒掺杂之各向同性复合材料及单向纤维增强之横观各向同性复合材料之线热膨胀系数,得到合理的结果,并与Schapery式、Kerner式之计算及实验值作出比较,显示了等效介质理论于复合材料热弹性能计算之适用性.      

复合材料热膨胀的一个理论模型

热膨胀是复合材料一个重要性能,从其组元的热膨胀性能来预测复合材料的热膨胀性能是材料设计等方面所必要的。在分析单向复合材料热膨胀性能的基础上,提出了一种计算混向短纤维复合材料线热膨胀系数的模型,并用碳纤维/钢复合材料的热膨胀系数的实验结果进行了验证。     

碳纤维增强TiC复合材料的抗热震性能

通过测量力学性能和热物理性能,研究了热压烧结碳纤维增强TiC复合材料（Cf/TiC,20vo%碳纤维）的抗热震性能。结果表明,碳纤维加入到TiC基体中,提高了复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,降低了复合材料的弹性模量和热膨胀系数,进而使得复合材料的抗热震断裂参数R,抗热震损伤参数R^TV和裂纹稳定性参数RST都得以提高,复合材料热震残留强度在热震温差超过900℃后迅速下降。复合材料热扩散率的提高有利于抗热稳定性能的提高,复合材料增强机理是纤维承载。韧化机理是纤维桥联和纤维拔出。     

短纤维对基体微裂纹扩展的阻滞效应分析

本文用细观力学方法分析短纤维对基体微裂纹扩展的阻滞效应。考虑了单向和随机各向两类短纤维增强复合材料,用应力强度因子和应变能密度因子的变化来表征纤维阻滞裂纹扩展的效应。本文对三种短纤维复合材料作出了具体计算。     

二维编织C/SiC复合材料的热膨胀系数预测

根据二维编织 C/ SiC复合材料的细观结构及其制备工艺特点 , 提出了一种预测该材料面内热膨胀系数的单胞模型。模型充分考虑了编织结构复合材料中的纤维束弯曲和 CVI工艺制备陶瓷基复合材料产生的孔洞对热膨胀系数的影响。利用单胞模型预测了二维编织 C/ SiC的结构参数、 纤维体积含量、 孔洞含量对复合材料热膨胀系数的影响规律 , 结果表明 : 随着纤维束扭结处产生间隙与纱线宽度比值的增大 , 热膨胀系数增大 ; 当其它参数不变时 , 随着纤维体积含量的增大 , 热膨胀系数反而下降; 随着孔洞含量的增加 , 热膨胀系数也出现了下降的趋势。利用 DIL402C热膨胀仪测试了二维编织 C/ SiC复合材料纵向热膨胀系数 , 试验结果与模型预测结果吻合较好。     

复合材料粘弹性本构关系与热应力松弛规律研究Ⅱ:数值分析

给出了预测复合材料粘弹性松弛模量、等效热应力松弛系数和等效时变热膨胀系数的均匀化方法的有限元数值实现步骤, 研究了单向纤维复合材料随温度变化的粘弹性本构关系, 以及热应力松弛规律和热膨胀系数的时变特征。单向纤维复合材料的一维热变形分析数据显示了热应变对时间的强烈依赖关系;以数值形式给出的等效热应力松弛模量对时间的依赖关系表明, 等效的热应力松弛模量对时间的依赖性较弱, 其冲击模量和渐近模量只相差0.4 %。     

形状记忆合金短纤维增强弹塑性基体复合材料的力学行为

基于Eshelby等效夹杂方法和Mori-Tanaka的平均化理论推导了针对SMA短纤维增强弹塑性基体复合材料的细观力学模型。利用此模型,分析了这种复合材料的力学行为,讨论了材料温度、纤维体积分数和纤维特征形状等参数对复合材料残余应力和残余应变的影响。这对复合材料的分析和设计都有重要的意义。      

SiC-based multilayered composites containing short carbon fibres obtained by tape casting

Silicon carbide multilayered composites containing short carbon fibres were prepared by tape casting followed by pressureless sintering. The dispersion of fibres into the SiC slurry was studied either by ultrasonics or by mechanical agitation, choosing the best solvent-dispersant couple that was compatible with the requirements of the tape casting technique. The effect of sintering temperature was studied, using carbon and boron as sintering aids, and mechanical properties were measured on composites containing from 5 vol.% to 25 vol.% of short carbon fibres. The results show that carbon fibres inhibit the complete densification of the sintered samples, and mechanical properties suffer from the high residual porosity. Since tape casting demonstrated to be a good technique to align the fibres along the casting direction, different architectures were tested for the composites, studying the effect of fibres alignment direction on the mechanical properties.     

聚四氟乙烯/碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合体系的摩擦学性能

研究评价了不同PTFE含量的碳纤维增强P1复合材料的力学和摩擦学性能，并分析了在干摩擦和水润滑2种不同条件下的磨损表面形貌和磨损机理。研究表明：PTFE以10%添加时PI/CF/PTFE体系的机械性能最佳，而摩擦学性能以5%添加为佳；随PTFE含量的增加，复合材料的摩擦系数降低，磨损率增加。水润滑下，摩擦系数和磨损率比干摩擦下的都有相应的降低。干摩擦下，材料的磨损均以塑性变形、微观破裂及破碎为主导；水润滑下，这一机制显著减弱，归因于水的润滑和冷却作用。     

Nylon／SBR／NR复合材料的基本性能研究

研究了短纤维（Ｎｙｌｏｎ－６）补强弹性体（ＳＢＲ／ＮＲ）的基本物理机械性能，并对Ｎｙｌｏｎ／ＳＢＲ／ＮＲ复合体系在应力作用下的破坏结构进行了电子显微镜扫描。试验表明：短纤维形状系数，短纤维体积分数、弹性体基质与短纤维的粘合强度和短纤维在弹性体基质中的取向是影响Ｎｙｌｏｎ／ＳＢＲ／ＮＲ复合材料物理机械性能的主要因素。控制这４个变化因素，就能有效地设计其机械性能。     

Heating of a half space containing an inclusion and a crack

Two-dimensional stationary problems of heat conduction and thermoelasticity for an elastic half space containing an elastic cylindrical macroinclusion and a thermally insulated crack are investigated. The problems are reduced to systems of two singular integral equations on closed (the boundary of the inclusion) and nonclosed (crack) contours. The numerical solutions of these systems are obtained by the method of mechanical quadratures for an inclusion in the form of an elliptic cylinder and a rectilinear crack in a half space heated by a friction heat flow uniformly distributed over a part of the surface of the half pace. For the problem posed for two cases of matrix-inclusion compositions (steel-aluminium and aluminium-steel), the numerical solutions are presented in the form of the plots of the stress intensity factors as functions of the dimensions of the inclusion and the distance between the inclusion and the crack.Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 34–40, July–August, 2004.     

镁基复合材料力学性能与微观组织研究

采用了液态浸渗法制备了Al2O3短纤维和SiC颗粒混杂增强镁合金复合材料.研究了浸渗压力对镁基复合材料力学性能和微观组织的影响.研究表明,当浸渗压力从0.4 MPa增加到60 MPa的过程中,由于组织的密实使得力学性能上升;随着浸渗压力的增加,将导致预制体受到压缩变形,纤维折断,从而导致综合力学性能下降.     

Pressure-sensitive electrically conductive nitrile rubber composites filled with particulate carbon black and short carbon fibre

The electrical conductivity of pressure-sensitive nitrile rubber composites, containing different loadings of particulate carbon black filler and short carbon fibre, have been studied. The conductivity of composites increases with increasing of filler concentration as well as with increased applied pressure up to a certain limit. The composites containing particulate fillers register low conductivity as compared to composites containing short carbon fibres, due to easy formation of an interconnecting network in the latter case. The effect of the orientation of short carbon fibre with respect to an applied electric field has also been studied. The pressure dependence of composites with transversely oriented carbon fibres with respect to electric fields is higher than that of composites with longitudinally oriented carbon fibres. The results are interpreted on the basis of the formation of interconnecting continuous conducting networks.     

Effect of inclusion of SiC particulates on the mechanical resistance behaviour of stir-cast AA6063/SiC composites

This study investigates the mechanical resistance behaviour of AA6063 particulate composites with the inclusion of micron-sized silicon carbide (SiC) particles with different weight percentages in an AA6063 aluminium matrix. AA6063/SiC particulate composites containing 0, 5, 10, and 15 weight percent of SiC particles were produced by stir casting. Standard mechanical tests were conducted on the composite plates, and the mechanical resistance to indentation, tensile force and sliding force are evaluated. It has been observed that upon addition of SiC particles, the resistance against indentation is increased and the resistance against tensile force is initially increased and then decreased. Furthermore, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the fracture appearance of the broken specimen subjected to tensile force and morphological changes in the surface subjected to sliding force are analysed. The SEM images reveal that the addition of SiC particles in the AA6063 aluminium matrix initiates more cleavage facets. This leads to brittle fracture in the specimen subjected to tensile forces and less transition from material displacement to material removal in the specimen subjected to sliding forces.     

短玻纤增强丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及短玻璃纤维(SGF)为原料, 以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)和环氧树脂(EP)为界面相容剂, 制备了SGF/SMA-EP-ABS复合材料。用扫描电镜(SEM)、 动态力学热分析(DMTA)等研究了界面相容剂对SGF增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘结性能的影响。结果表明:加入SMA或EP, SGF增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高; SMA与EP同时加入具有明显的协同效果, 使复合材料的性能更为优越。当SGF加入质量分数为30%时, SGF/SMA-EP-ABS复合材料的拉伸强度、 弯曲强度、 冲击强度较未添加界面相容剂时分别提高了56%、 42%、 79%。SEM和DMTA测试表明, 加入SMA和环氧树脂后, SGF与ABS基体之间的界面粘结性能得到很大改善。      

尼龙短纤维增强PVC复合材料研究

用尼龙－６短纤维增强ＰＶＣ树脂。实验研究了纤维特性参数，用量及共混条件等对复合材料力学性能的影响规律，探讨了该复合材料用于制备１次挤出的中，低压树脂软管的可能性。