蛋白质生理需要量研究使用的食谱中营养素的含量分析

目的分析蛋白质生理需要量研究使用的食谱中5种主要营养素的含量和分布，并根据三大宏量营养素供能系数计算食物所能提供的能量。方法以白求恩军医学院学员的日常膳食制成3日食谱，用于研究蛋白质的生理需要量，采集食谱中的各种食物34种，采用国标方法对每种食物中的蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、灰分和水分的含量进行测定。结果粮谷类食物的糖类的平均含量为46．9％，明显高于肉类的3．2％及蔬菜的4．5％，其所能提供的能量也较高，平均为1331kJ／100g，肉类食物中的蛋白质含量平均为21．4％，其他营养素含量相对较低。不同蛋白质剂量组的受试者实际摄入的蛋白质与预设的蛋白质给予量一致，三大营养素的供能比合理。结论结合学员日常膳食制定的此3日食谱，能够为受试者提供足够的能量和营养素，满足机体生理需要。     

虾壳蛋白质营养价值的评价

采用盐酸处理虾头、壳获得蛋白质含量为７６．５５％、钙１５．２％、磷５．２８％的虾头、壳蛋白质。必需氨基酸指数为８８．１３％。化学分为０．９０１３。大鼠实验结果表明，虾头、壳蛋白的蛋白质功效比值、生物价和蛋白质净利用率依次为２．７９２、３．４７７、８０．７９８％和７８．１５３％。各项指标均与牛奶粉蛋白质无显著性差异（ρ〉０．０５）。表明虾头、壳蛋白具有优良的营养价值。     

利用米糟制备食用大米浓缩蛋白

在对米糟一般化学成分的含量与特性进行分析的基础上，采用己烷抽提脱脂、热水洗涤除糖等方法，即排杂法制备食用大米浓缩蛋白。发现原料中的蛋白质回收率达到94．6％，产品中蛋白质含量达到72．5％。     

碱法分离大米蛋白质和淀粉的工艺研究

大米蛋白质中80％以上是碱溶性谷蛋白，可采用碱提酸沉的方法分离大米蛋白质。本实验研究得到碱法分离大米蛋白质的最佳工艺条件为：碱液质量分数为0．3％，提取时间为4h，提取温度为室温，料液比为1：6。可得到纯度为80．7％的大米分离蛋白，蛋白质提取率为87．46％，淀粉损失率为2．77％。     

啤酒废酵母核糖核酸提取过程中去除蛋白质的研究

讨论了3种去除核糖核酸（RNA）中蛋白质的方法，通过对蛋白质去除效果及影响RNA损失情况的分析比较，发现添加40U／g绝干酵母中性蚩白酶降解蛋白质的方法为最好，这种方法制得RNA粗品，得率达到5．75％，蛋白质去除了96．6％。     

菜籽饼粕脱毒植酸提取和浓缩蛋白分离蛋白的制备

用在盐酸浸提菜籽饼粕进行脱毒、植酸提取及浓缩蛋白、分离蛋白制备。脱毒粕可干燥作饲料或经匀浆、离心分离和过筛的方法制取浓缩蛋白，制浓缩蛋白后的残渣再匀浆用稀碱萃取，调等电点沉淀出分离蛋白。总蛋白质提取率≥９１％，制取的浓缩蛋白含蛋白质６１％，硫甙低于０．４％，植酸低于１％；分离蛋白含蛋白质９０％，硫甙低于０．０３％，植酸低于０．５％。     

排杂法由米糟制备食用大米浓缩蛋白

在对米糟一般化学成分的含量与特性进行分析的基础上，采用己烷抽提脱脂、热水洗涤除糖等方法，制备食用大米浓缩蛋白。发现原料中的蛋白质回收率达到94，6％，产品中蛋白质含量达到72．5％。     

茶多酚——蛋白质之间的络合及沉淀回收研究

从绿茶中提取了含有5种儿茶素单体的茶多酚，对菠萝蛋白酶、大豆分离蛋白、酪蛋白、细胞色素C、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶以及木瓜蛋白酶等蛋白质进行络合、沉淀及回收。茶多酚和这些蛋白质表现出混活性。在特定的蛋白质浓度下，茶多酚与各种蛋白质络合时的起混浓度分别是：猪胰蛋白酶为0．5％；大豆分离蛋白、木瓜蛋白酶及α-淀粉酶为0．1％，菠萝蛋白酶为0．3％；细胞色素C为0．4％。用0．7％的茶多酚对菠萝蛋白酶的蛋白质最大回收率为60％，而对木瓜蛋白酶活性的最大回收率可达78％；0．5％的茶多酚对胰蛋白酶及酪蛋白的最大回收率分别为8％和7％左右。0．8％的茶多酚对大豆分离蛋白、细胞色素C的最大回收率约20％左右。实验结果不表明，茶多酚对来自米曲霉的α-淀粉酶无抑制作用，通过0．3％的茶多酚浓度，可以获得约71％的α－淀粉酶活性最高回收率。     

鹰嘴豆分离蛋白质的特性

研究了鹰嘴豆分离蛋白质质量、功能性质、物理化学性质及结构特征．氨基酸分析表明，鹰嘴豆蛋白含有所有必需氨基酸，与FAO／WHO模式相比，色氨酸是其第一限制性氨基酸，蛋白质的化学评分为71分．表面荧光探针ANS法测得的表面疏水性为94．3．DSC热分析显示该蛋白质含有两个热变性温度，分别为83．7℃和95．7℃．圆二色谱(CD)分析了鹰嘴豆分离蛋白的二级结构：α-螺旋36．2％，β-折叠28．4％，转角10．3％，无规卷曲25．2％．经凝胶过滤色谱Sephacryl S-200分离纯化得到7个不同相对分子质量蛋白质组分，其中两个主要组分的相对分子质量为170000及110000．     

转Bt基因棉籽仁中营养成分的研究

测定了6个品系转Bt基因抗虫棉棉籽仁中蛋白质、粗脂肪、脂肪酸的含量。所测样品中蛋白质、粗脂肪的平均含量分别为41．80％和31．72％，样品所含主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸。其中亚油酸的相对含量最高，为59．65％～63．26％。与常规棉籽仁的营养成分进行了对比，结果表明，脂肪酸组成一致，相应组分含量相近，蛋白质含量低于常规棉籽仁，粗脂肪含量高于常规棉籽仁，但总体差异不显著。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press