Study on SCR De NOx mechanism through in situ electrical conductivity measurements on V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts

V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and in situ electrical conductivity measurements were carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism for ammonia SCR (selective catalytic reduction) of NOx.The electrical conductivity change with ammonia supply and the increase of electrical conductivity were mainly caused by reduction of the labile surface oxygen.The electrical conductivity change of catalysts shows close relationship with the conversion rate of NOx.Variation of conversion rate in atmosphere without gaseous oxygen also supports that the labile lattice oxygen is indispensable in the initial stage of the de NOx reaction.These results suggest that the liable lattice oxygen acts decisive role in the de NOx mechanism.They also support that De NOx reaction occurs through the Eley-Rideal type mechanism.The amount of labile oxygen can be estimated from the measurement of electrical conductivity change for catalysts with ammonia supply.     

Synthesis and catalytic property of Cu-Mn-Ce／γ-Al2O3 complex oxide

A new type of catalytic material for purification of automobile exhaust, Cu-Mn-Ce-O/γ-Al2O3, has been studied. The factors affecting its catalytic activity, such as calcination temperature and the period of calcinations and so on have been investigated. Its catalytic activity after SO2-poisoning was determined in a hxed-bed reactor by exposing the sample to the atmosphere of 160 mL/min SO2/air. The study reveals that the catalyst has shown high catalytic activities for the conversion of NH3 oxidation by NO after sulfate. The conversion of NO reduction over the sulfated catalyst is somewhat higher than that over the fresh catalyst except that the optimum temperature has increased about 100℃. Also at the optimum process for the experiment, the selective catalytic oxidation of CO by NO is Over 76 % and the conversion of NO reduction is over 80 % by NH3.     

Cu-SAPO-34/堇青石的原位制备及其催化脱除柴油机车尾气中NO x

利用水热合成技术将Cu-SAPO-34分子筛直接合成到蜂窝状堇青石上,研究模拟柴油机车尾气中选择性催化还原NO x的能力。采用SEM、XRD、ICP和XPS表征整体式催化剂的形貌、结构、Cu含量和价态变化。结果表明：原位制备技术制备的Cu-SAPO-34/堇青石整体催化剂中的活性金属Cu具有很高的选择性催化还原NO x的活性,Cu的最佳上载量质量分数为0.30%-0.40%。在12000 h-1的体积空速下,在400-670℃之间,可将大部分的NO x催化还原成N 2;在36000 h-1的空速下,在300-620℃之间,还能将60%的NO x转化成N 2。水热老化后的催化剂较好的保持催化活性,表明催化剂具有较好的水热稳定性。     

La掺杂的SnO2-Sb中间层对钛基IrO2+Ta2O5电极性能的影响

目的改善Ti/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极的析氧电催化性能。方法用热分解法在钛基材上制备了La掺杂的SnO_2-Sb中间层,并以此作为基体涂覆IrO_2+Ta_2O_5活性层,制备了Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量散射能谱(EDS)及X-射线衍射光谱(XRD)技术分别分析了中间层和活性层的表面形貌、元素组成及晶相结构。采用线性扫描伏安曲线(LSV)和强化寿命测试方法在硫酸溶液中分别研究了Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极的析氧电催化活性和使用稳定性。同时,考察了La的掺杂比例对Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5电极强化寿命的影响。结果相对未掺杂La的中间层,掺杂La后的中间层表面裂纹减少,有更高的析氧过电位和更低的析氧电流密度。La掺杂对活性层的表面形貌和晶相结构基本没有影响,但电极的析氧电流密度有所提高。通过测试不同La掺杂比例涂层电极的强化寿命,发现La最佳掺杂比例为nLa:nSn=0.5:100。和未掺杂La涂层相比,La最佳掺杂比例涂层电极的强化寿命提高了22.8%。结论相对于未掺杂的Ti/SnO_2-Sb/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5电极,La掺杂后的Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极析氧电催化活性和强化寿命都得到改善。     

Study on hot corrosion behavior of Yb2Zr2O7 ceramic against Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts at temperatures of 900–1200 °C in air

Yb₂Zr₂O₇ ceramic powders synthesized by chemical‐coprecipitation and calcination method were pressureless‐sintered at 1700 °C for 10 h in air to fabricate dense bulk materials. Hot corrosion studies were performed on Yb₂Zr₂O₇ against Na₂SO₄ and Na₂SO₄ + V₂O₅ (molar ratio = 1:1) molten salts in a temperature range of 900–1200 °C for 8 h in air, respectively. Chemical reactions were investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Yb₂Zr₂O₇ ceramic was severely corroded by Na₂SO₄ + V₂O₅ molten salt, however, no chemical reaction was found between individual Na₂SO₄ and Yb₂Zr₂O₇. Yb₂Zr₂O₇ reacted with Na₂SO₄ + V₂O₅ molten salt to form YbVO₄ and m‐ZrO₂. The thickness of hot corrosion scales formed at different temperatures was investigated to evaluate hot corrosion behavior based on fluxing mechanism. The introduction of vanadium into sulfate led to subsequent formation of NaVO₃, which was acidic enough to dissolve Yb₂Zr₂O₇ by acidic fluxing.     

Co3O4-CoAl2O4薄膜的热处理温度对Co-WC选择性涂层吸收性能的影响规律研究

目的 提高Co-WC太阳能选择性吸收涂层的吸收性能。方法 采用溶胶-凝胶法在超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）制备的Co-WC涂层上涂覆Co3O4-CoAl2O4薄膜。在大气环境下,对样品进行梯度温度热处理,通过XRD表征在不同热处理温度下涂层的组成成分;利用FE-SEM和表面粗糙度仪观察涂层表面微观结构和测量涂层表面粗糙度;通过天平称量涂层质量变化来评价Co3O4-CoAl2O4涂层在不同温度下的服役性能;借助EDS分析Co3O4-CoAl2O4涂层的元素分布情况;使用UV-Vis-NIR分光光度计测试涂层的吸收性能。结果 经过Co3O4-CoAl2O4薄膜改善后,Co-WC涂层的吸收性能提高。其中在650 ℃热处理温度下,Co3O4-CoAl2O4涂层的吸收率最佳,α=0.901,表面为典型的尖晶石结构,晶粒尺寸细小,表面粗糙度为3.519 μm。650 ℃热处理温度下,Co3O4-CoAl2O4涂层在40 h抗超声震荡实验和20次抗热震实验中,相比其他热处理温度下的样品,质量变化最小,分别为14.9 mg和0.5 mg,且涂层的吸收率维持在0.89左右。结论 Co3O4-CoAl2O4薄膜通过选取合适的热处理温度,可以在改善Co-WC涂层表面状态的同时,一定程度上提高吸收性能。     

十二烷基硫酸钠对IrO2-Ta2O5/SnO2- Sb-Mn/Ti电极电催化性能影响

采用涂刷-热分解法制备不同浓度阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的IrO2-Ta2O5/SnO2- Sb-MnO2/Ti电极,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对其微观形貌及物相组成进行分析;应用循环伏安、极化等测试手段,表征制备电极的电催化活性.结果表明,适量添加十二烷基硫酸钠能够改善IrO2-Ta2O5/SnO2-Sb-Mn/Ti电极的微观形貌,提高电催化活性.在本实验条件下,SDS最佳添加量是1.6 g/L,结晶化度高达99.83%.利用苯酚电催化降解实验和强化寿命测试进一步考察所制电极的电催化活性与稳定性,结果显示,在电流密度15 mA/cm2条件下电解180 min,SDS的加入使苯酚去除率由原来的68.5%提高到79.2%.COD去除率由60.1%提高到 67.5%,电催化性能得到提升,电极强化寿命由52 h延长至68 h.