用于剥离工艺的高分辨率双层光刻胶结构

本文叙述一种用于剥离工艺的制备双层正性光刻胶结构的新工艺方法。此工艺方法的关键工序是在 CF_4等离子体中处理第一层光刻胶的表面以形成一薄的缓冲层,该层对紫外线是透明的,并且在光刻胶溶剂中和碱性水显影液中是不可溶的。选用 AZ-2400和 AZ-1300系列正性光刻胶制作出“凸缘”型光刻胶剖面图形以适合剥离应用。能很干净地剥离出高1μm、宽1μm 的铝线条。制作了一个1μm×1μm 的栅格结构以证实此新双层光刻胶工艺方法的分辨能力和钻蚀控制情况。最后叙述了1μm 栅 GaAs MES-FET 的制作以证实其应用。     

反应离子束刻蚀应用于光刻胶灰化技术研究

以AZl500光刻胶为例，将氧气作为工作气体的反应离子束刻蚀工艺用于光刻胶图形的灰化处理，以去除经紫外曝光-显影后光栅中的残余光刻胶。研究结果表明灰化速率有随束流密度呈线性增加的趋势。经过反应离子束刻蚀后，光栅槽底残余光刻胶被去除干净，同时线条的宽度变细，在一定程度上达到修正光刻胶光栅线条占空比的目的。用原子力显微镜检测，无光刻胶的K9基片表面在灰化工艺前后其粗糙度无明显变化。该工艺具有良好的可控性，解决了在厚基片上制作大口径衍射光学元件时残余光刻胶的去除问题。     

一种制作亚微米线条的有效方法

本文介绍利用普通接触式曝光系统和等离子刻蚀机来制作亚微米线条。基本工艺是用深紫外线作为光源，对曝光后的光刻胶在ＨＭＤＳ或ＴＭＤＳ气氛下加热处理，然后采用氧反应离子刻蚀，结果可得到０．７微米的光刻胶线条，其端面完整、侧壁陡直，非常适合于大规模集成电路制造中的剥离工艺。     

微波用于抑制光刻胶纳米线条倒伏的研究

针对半导体工艺中去离子水的表面张力导致显影干燥过程中光刻胶纳米线条容易发生倒伏的问题,采用了微波干燥方法,以抑制光刻胶纳米线条倒伏。利用微波的热效应和非热效应,降低去离子水的表面张力,使光刻胶纳米线条上的去离子水均匀、快速地蒸发,有效抑制了光刻胶纳米线条的倒伏。与氮气干燥处理的传统方法相比,该方法能使高130 nm、宽15 nm的光刻胶纳米线条不发生倒伏,效果明显。这表明,该方法是可行和有效的。     

光刻胶材料的研究进展

简单介绍了光刻胶的组成部分,综述了近年来国内外光刻胶成膜树脂合成、开发的研究进展,并根据不同曝光波长所需的不同光刻胶(包括紫外(UV)光刻胶、深紫外光刻胶、极紫外光刻胶等)进行了介绍。重点介绍了各光源下分子量和分子量分散指数对光致抗蚀剂的影响,并对国内外研究中通过不同聚合工艺制备的不同分子量光致抗蚀剂性能进行了评述,总结了近年来含有特定化学结构的光致抗蚀剂以及其制备工艺的研究进展。最后对国内外光刻胶的发展和应用进行了展望,指出进一步提高光刻胶的分辨率、改善其综合性能是今后的研究重点。     

单层胶剥离工艺及其应用

本文主要叙述了单层胶剥离工艺及其原理,并对这项技术的关键问题进行了分析.文章还报导了剥离技术在Pb合金约瑟夫逊隧道结中的应用及I-V特性测试结果.其整个工艺过程均使用国产光刻胶和普通紫外曝光设备.     

离子束刻蚀过程中光刻胶收缩行为研究

光刻胶作为离子束刻蚀的掩膜已得到了普遍采用，由于它在受到离子束轰击时会发热收缩、不利于刻蚀线条高宽比的提高，限制了它的进一步使用。在离子束的轰击下，光刻胶的收缩不仅与其发热程度有关，而且与刻蚀线条的宽度也有关，通过改变刻蚀时基片和旋转台之间的热接触状态发现，光刻胶发热越厉害，收缩量越大。而在光刻胶发热程度很小或者不发热时，收缩量极小，可以忽略不计。而在同一发热状态下，不同宽度线条的光刻胶收缩量也不一样，宽度越大，收缩量就越大，宽度越小，收缩量也越小。结果造成在不同宽度线条的接合处，线条边缘出现弯曲。     

表面传导电子发射显示器微细结构光刻工艺的优化

研究了旋涂和光刻工艺对制备表面传导发射显示器(SED)微细结构的影响,分析正性光刻胶和旋涂工艺的作用机理,探讨光刻胶的平面旋涂工艺、曝光剂量、前烘对光刻图形的影响.借助旋涂技术将光刻胶转移在附有金属薄膜的玻璃基片上,利用紫外光对其进行曝光,通过视频显微镜、台阶仪对实验结果分析,优化实验工艺参数.结果表明,光刻胶留膜率随旋转速度增大而减少,随光刻胶的粘度增大而增大,光刻图形宽度随曝光剂量的增大而变窄,曝光剂量40～50 mJ/cm2,前烘110 ℃保温25 min条件下光刻图形边缘平整,为研制SED微细结构奠定了基础.     

压力加工与铸造、成形工艺

0611622 微流控芯片金属模具制备工艺研究[刊,中]／李建华／／微细加工技术．-2005,(4)．-56-58,75(D) 为了解决SU-8光刻胶电铸金属模具中遇到的光刻胶脱落和电铸后去胶难等同题,提出了采用硅橡胶 (PDMS)微复制与电铸毛细管电泳芯片金属模具相结合的新工艺。该方法首先用SU-8光刻胶制备通道阳     

叠层光刻胶牺牲层工艺研究

通过溅射电镀种子层前预烘胶与严格控制烘胶温度变化速率、用KOH稀溶液去胶、再用稀腐蚀体系加以轻度超声干涉去除电镀种子层和使用丙酮与F117进行应力释放等方法改进工艺后,解决了在叠层光刻胶牺牲层工艺中极易出现的烘胶龟裂、光刻胶不容易去除干净、去除电镀种子层时产生絮状物和悬空结构释放时易黏附等问题.运用叠层光刻胶牺牲层改进工艺可以制备出长4 mm,悬空高度20 μm,平面误差不超过3 μm的悬空结构.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks