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发电市场竞价模式是电力市场中实现电力资源优化配置的重要因素之一。叙述了有限电量、两部制电价和差价合约3种发电市场竞价的基本运营模式、适用条件以及上网竞价原理和竞价流程。 相似文献
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本文介绍了福建省电力市场发育形成过程及福建省电力市场结构模型,分析了当前电力市场结构特点及存在主要问题,指出市场环节多是造成用户电价高的根本原因,网络企业垄断使市场缺乏竞争机制,进行农电体制改革和市场结构调整,是福建省电力工业全面走向“厂网分开、竞价上网”市场化改造的基础。 相似文献
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英、美、日电力改革之借鉴 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
世界各国的电力市场化改革还处于不断探索阶段。目前国际上还设有一个公认的完美的电力市场模式可以适用于各国不同的国情和电网的实际情况。在世界各国的电力市场改革中,英国采用了自上而下的纵向分离的电力市场改革模式;美国采用了更接近于自然历史过程的纵向整合电力市场改革模式;日本则采用了引入有限竞争的单一买家电力市场改革模式。我国的电力市场改革才刚刚起步,英、美、日电力市场的运行实践对我国的电力市场改革有以下启示:①准备充分,先行立法;②统一规划,多方协调;③总体设计,分步实施;④要健全政府监管;⑤建立合理的电价形成机制;⑥电力市场建设要符合市场经济特征;⑦建立电力市场建设的动态调控机制。 相似文献
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我国于2015年开始了新一轮电力体制改革,其核心是还原电力商品属性,在发、售电侧引入市场化竞争。新电改后我国电力市场建设已经积累了一定经验并取得了阶段性成果:市场主体范围持续扩大、交易品种日益丰富、交易方式灵活多样、市场规模逐步扩大、电价水平明显下降。但与国外较成熟的电力市场相比,我国电力市场在体系建设、交易规则、价格机制、市场规范运行等方面依然还存在各种问题。对于发电企业而言,电力市场化改革既是机遇也是挑战,但在当前供给侧改革、降低工商业用户电价的形势下,面临的冲击和挑战要更多一些。诸如交易电价降幅明显;市场电量逐步取代计划电量,发用电计划缩减,直接交易份额提高;电力年度长协集中在年前完成,而次年电煤合同价大多尚未落实,市场主体面临较大风险;短期边际成本报价模式未考虑"搁浅"成本,对存量发电企业参与竞争不利;单纯发电的经营模式正在发生改变,而涉足新的业务领域又将面临新的挑战等等。发电企业必须根据市场化改革形势及时调整经营策略,创新管理思路,提升经营管理水平。加强设备可靠性管理,为安全清洁高效生产提供根本保障;严格控制发电成本;发电侧应积极开展售电业务,组建市场营销业务体系;循序渐进地开展市场化交易,为现货市场交易等提前做准备;注重延伸产业链,向综合能源供应和服务商转型发展。 相似文献
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林崇 《福建能源开发与节约》2000,(1):4-8
本文介绍了福建省电力市场发育形成过程及福建省电力市场结构模型,分析了当前电力市场结构特点及存在主要问题,指出市场环节多是造成用户电价高的根本原因,网络企业垄断使市场缺乏竞争机制,进行农电体制改革和市场结构调整,是福建省电力工业全面走向“厂网分开、竞价上网”市场化改造的基础。 相似文献
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针对目前电力中长期合约市场的竞价模式现状,提出了基于遗传算法的迭代竞价模型。该模型采用迭代竞价机制代替单轮投标机制,并采用遗传算法解决竞价模型中发电商报价曲线形状不确定的特点。算例表明,该模型和算法可以解决任意形状报价曲线的发电量最优化分配问题,具有较高的实用价值。基于遗传算法的迭代竞价模型为我国现阶段的电力中长期和约市场提供了一种切实可行的竞价机制。 相似文献
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电力市场环境下水电竞价策略研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对电力市场化改革是一个长期的实践探索过程、我国正积极研究和制定水电可持续发展的各项政策,结合水电机组自身特性探讨了水电机组参与合约市场、日前市场、AGC辅助服务市场的竞价策略和模式,对水电真正参与市场竞争提供参考依据. 相似文献
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中国电力工业与发达国家电力工业的最大差别是电价,发展中国家和传统的社会主义国家都以大大低于成本的价格出售电力。发达的市场经济国家实行市场定价,电价较高,发展中国家是政府定价,定价较低。电价改革是电力体制改革的前提条件。与发达国家比较,我国生活电价严重偏低,我国工业电价低于OECD大多数国家,OECD大多数国家生活电价都高于工业电价,而我国生活电价还低于工业电价,所以我国生活电价严重偏低。为改变我国居民电价严重偏低的问题,我国自2008年开始研究实行阶梯电价。由于中国目前的电价严重偏低,中国电力工业因长期维持低电价而处于高负债和部分企业资不抵债的境地。国外电力投资商撤离中国,民营电力投资商撤离电力工业,五大电力集团煤电企业严重亏损,煤电新增装机容量不断减少。为此加快电价的市场化改革势在必行。 相似文献
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对电价再度上调的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文针对我国电力市场供需形势,对国家关于电价再度上调的原因做了分析,指出此次电价再度上调的目的与作用是:国家运用价格杠杆,缓解电力供需紧张状况;解决电力企业经营中存在的困难和问题;加速产业结构调整;营造电力市场化改革的良好环境。文中还提出了国家要抓紧电价的总体改革、研究并及时出台稳定电煤价格、保证电煤供应的有力措施、电力企业要注意提高企业内部科学管理,进一步制定开源节流措施等建议。 相似文献
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Australia has been an early and enthusiastic adopter of both electricity industry restructuring and market-based environmental regulation. The Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) was established in 1999 and Australia also implemented one of the world's first renewable energy target schemes in 2001. With significant recent growth in wind generation, Australia provides an interesting case for assessing different approaches to facilitating wind integration into the electricity industry. Wind project developers in Australia must assess both potential energy market and Tradeable Green Certificate income streams when making investments. Wind-farm energy income depends on the match of its uncertain time varying output with the regional half hourly market price; a price that exhibits daily, weekly and seasonal patterns and considerable uncertainty. Such price signals assist in driving investments that maximize project value to the electricity industry as a whole, including integration costs and benefits for other participants. Recent NEM rule changes will formally integrate wind generation in the market's scheduling processes while a centralized wind forecasting system has also been introduced. This paper outlines experience to date with wind integration in the NEM, describes the evolution of market rules in response and assesses their possible implications for facilitating high future wind penetrations. 相似文献
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Deregulation and decentralization in the electricity sector have thrived worldwide since the early 1980s. China also started restructuring its electricity industry since the mid-1980s. The reform shares many common features with restructuring practices in other countries and exhibits some unique characteristics as well. To some extent, two features, namely governmental administrative departments’ dual role of government and business inherited from a highly centralized planned economy, and the coal-intensive nature of power generation, has determined many aspects of the evolution of China's electric power sector. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive account of the process with some emphasis on recent developments. We also identify some of the features that are similar to electricity market reforms in other countries and, most importantly, those that characterize the uniqueness of the restructuring practices in China's electricity industry through investigating the administrative framework, price and investment mechanisms, and associated legislation and policy settings at each of the five stages in the evolution of the electric utility sector. The paper concludes with a discussion and summary of some generic characteristics and remaining challenges. 相似文献
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中国必须自主创新进行电力改革 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了两种类型的电力改革:一种是由传统的计划经济国家的电力工业改造为市场经济的电力工业;另一种是由市场经济国家垄断经营的电力工业改造为竞争性的电力工业。分析了发展中国家仿效英美电力改革模式尚无成功先例的原因,重点分析了电力工业本身特点对于改革模式的8点限制。指出了中国应创建与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的电力改革模式,重点是要进行政企分开的体制改革和价格改革。 相似文献
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为理顺恶性价格竞争的形成机理,以广东省售电企业为研究对象,将售电企业分为有发电资产的第一类售电企业与无发电资产的第二类售电企业,通过建立Bertrand模型研究新电改背景下恶性价格竞争机理,并对售电企业进入或退出售电市场曲线进行了分析。结果表明:引入市场竞争后的售电侧有形成恶性价格竞争的可能性,相关部门应加以防范。 相似文献
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The Swedish pulp and paper industry has gone through a strategic change in its approach to electricity production and consumption over the past decade. This paper documents this reorientation, which includes increased on-site electricity production, investments and investment plans for wind power, and new partnerships concerning investments in electricity production assets. We also assess the extent to which these changes can be attributed to key energy and climate policies. Our analysis shows that this strategic reorientation has been driven by changes in the underlying economic conditions for the pulp and paper industry, in particular increases in the price of electricity following the Swedish energy market reform in 1996, and the introduction of the EU ETS. The scheme for tradable renewable electricity certificates, on the other hand, has provided a new source of income. While these market-based signals and responses are the most dominant drivers of strategic change, cognitive changes in the pulp and paper industry have also played a role in the strategic reorientation. The cognitive changes concerning the functioning of the electricity market, i.e. the pricing of electricity and influence of the EU ETS, have been particularly important in this regard. 相似文献