复合材料层合板准静态压痕实验研究

采用准静态压痕(QSI) 实验方法针对多种材料对集中准静态压痕力的损伤阻抗进行了测试。选取2 个特征载荷下的试样进行了超声C 扫描探伤和扫描电镜(SEM) 显微观察, 分析了QSI 实验中层合板的损伤过程, 针对初始分层接触力f₁和最大接触力f₂对材料的损伤阻抗特性进行了分析。测试了2 种材料体系层压板的最大接触力, 发现该值具有较好的可重复性。研究了测试条件(试样尺寸和支持条件) 和材料特性(不同纤维、基体种类和铺层方式) 对最大接触力的影响。实验结果表明, 试样尺寸和支持条件对最大接触力的影响较小, 在必要时可以采用非标试样测试最大接触力, 而最大接触力与树脂基体、纤维特性及铺层方式都有关, 最大接触力对应的凹坑深度d₂主要由纤维强度和延伸率决定, 树脂特性对d2有影响但影响程度较小。      

基于通道交换的准静态路由算法

本文将VP这个新概念引入到ATM交换技术中来,为大规模ATM交换结构提出一种基于通道交换（Path Switching）的准静态路由算法。该路由算法周期地改变内部连接方式,为进网信元分配有效带宽。通过与信元交换（Cell Switching）比较及性能分析表明：该路由算法为大规模ATM交换结构的实现提供了简单和有效的算法,具有良好的性能,且运算量适中,便于实现。     

LY315钢屈曲约束支撑耗能性能试验研究

采用新型抗震结构用软钢LY315作为内核材料,设计加工了3根全钢型装配式屈曲约束支撑。对支撑进行了拉压往复加载试验,并对其力学性能进行分析,研究此类新型屈曲约束支撑的耗能性能。结果表明：支撑构造合理,滞回曲线饱满,耗能性能稳定;试件的最大位移延性系数均大于15,抗拉应变强化系数在1.21~1.29,等效粘性阻尼比在0.442~0.465,累积塑性变形均大于500倍的屈服位移;对试件的疲劳加载进行分析,各项参数均满足JGJ 297-2013《建筑消能减震技术规程》的要求,表明试件有良好的低周疲劳性能。     

爆破压力传感器准静态校准装置应用研究

压力灵敏度校准对评价水下爆炸特性很重要,准静态校准是目前适合灵敏度校准的最佳方法.本文分析了校准原理,用PCB公司91382装置对典型的W138A传感器进行了准静态校准试验,针对准静态校准提出了一些建议.     

利用SMA开发耗能阻尼器的实验研究

形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,简记为SMA)是一种新型的智能材料,除了具有形状记忆效应(Shape Memory Effort,简记为SME)外,还拥有相变伪弹性(Pseudo-Elasticity,简记为PE)性能和高阻尼耗散因子的性能。文章基于SMA的相变伪弹性的力学原理,设计并制作了SMA耗能器,并对器件进行了性能测试。结果表明,(1) SMA耗能器具有非常显著的阻尼耗能性能,平均等效粘滞阻尼比最大可达到33.56%,最小也有14%,能较好地满足结构被动耗能振动控制的要求;(2) SMA耗能器的阻尼性能与加载频率有关,在低频加载时阻尼性能较好,但随着加载频率的提高,阻尼性能逐步下降;(3) SMA耗能器的阻尼性能与最大行程的大小有关,当最大行程过小或过大时,其等效粘滞阻尼比较小,当最大行程为极限行程的1/2大小时取得最大等效粘滞阻尼比;(4) 在多次循环加载时,器件的应力应变滞回曲线具有整体向上的漂移现象,吻合了其他学者进行的SMA材料试验结果,这一现象的发现提高了此次研究中检测到的试验数据结果的可信度;(5) 实验结果与理论分析结果吻合程度较好,表明器件的设计是合理的、加工制作的工艺满足了理论要求。     

粘弹性系数载荷的准静态位移辨识

建立载荷与粘弹静态位移的显式关系，借助有限元及反演技术，提出粘弹性系统载荷识别的一般方法，并进行了数值验证。     

压电式传感器的准静态校准

本文介绍在没有动态校准条件的情况下,对压电式传感器进行准静态校准的方法.     

复合材料层合板准静态压痕损伤研究

本文对复合材料层合板准静态横向压缩特性损伤进行了研究.在损伤模拟过程中采用机体开裂和分层扩展判据,分类考虑了不同的损伤形式,通过修正损伤层的材料常数来模拟层板损伤所造成的局部刚度下降对横向压痕过程的影响.损伤模拟结果与超声C扫描的结果吻合较好.     

GFRP约束微珠泡沫柱准静态受压性能

本研究对2根微珠泡沫柱及5根玻璃纤维复合材料(GFRP)约束微珠泡沫组合柱开展准静态轴压试验,探讨了GFRP层数、横向纤维与纵向纤维比例、泡沫密度等参数对组合柱极限承载力和吸能效应的影响,并与静态试验结果进行对比,研究不同加载速率对构件受压性能的影响规律.结果表明:准静态压缩作用下GFRP层数和泡沫密度的增加均提高了构...     

Quasi-static indentation tests on aluminium foam sandwich panels

Mechanical response and energy absorption of aluminium foam sandwich panels subjected to quasi-static indentation loads were investigated experimentally. These sandwich panels consisted of two aluminium face-sheets and a closed cell aluminium foam core (ALPORAS®). Quasi-static indentation tests were conducted using an MTS universal testing machine, with sandwich panels either simply supported or fully fixed. Force–displacement curves were recorded and the total energy absorbed by sandwich panels was calculated accordingly. Videos and photographs were taken to capture the deformation of top face-sheets, foam cores and bottom face-sheets. Effects of face-sheet thickness, core thickness, boundary conditions, adhesive and surface condition of face-sheets on the mechanical response and energy absorption of sandwich panels were discussed.     

An experimental evaluation of crack face energy dissipation

This paper uses Lock-in dissipative thermography to address the question of plasticity induced crack tip closure. Three different specimen configurations were examined and it was found that there were two regions that dissipated energy. A small region directly adjacent to the crack tip, where the dissipated energy is directly related to crack tip plasticity, and a region away from the crack tip where the faces of the crack were rubbing. Between these two regions there was no dissipated energy. It was also found that the stress field behind the crack was out of phase with respect to the global loading.     

耗能型桥梁抗震挡块试验研究

针对桥梁常在隔震支座处设置抗震挡块以防止地震时桥梁发生横桥向落梁破坏,提出新型耗能型桥梁抗震挡块。小震时该抗震挡块保持弹性,能提供抗力限制桥面板位移;大震时该挡块屈服耗能,能减小桥梁的地震响应。设计5个抗震挡块试件病进行拟静力试验研究。试验结果表明,构造合理的耗能型桥梁抗震挡块可提供充足承载力与良好耗能能力。     

碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料圆管多胞填充结构吸能特性的准静态压缩试验

针对现有研究对复合材料多胞结构吸能特性研究的不足,提出了一种由多根小尺寸的单根碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料圆管(Single CFRP tube,SCT)填充进大尺寸碳管组成的多胞填充结构(Multicellular filling structure,MFS),并分别对SCT和MFS进行了单次全行程加载和多次分段加载的准静态压缩,分析了其压缩破坏模式和吸能特性。研究结果表明:MFS最外侧碳管破坏模式与SCT破坏形式相似,且单次全行程压缩与多次分段压缩的破坏模式没有明显区别,但MFS最外侧碳管由于内部碳管及碎屑的挤压呈现出明显的径向变形;相对于单次全行程压缩过程,SCT及MFS多次分段压缩时的总耗能量更多;本次研究的SCT试件最大比吸能为86.0 J/g,最小比吸能为59.3 J/g,然而由于MFS最外侧管件的比吸能低,导致其比吸能在69.8~75.9 J/g之间,小于单管根碳管的最大比吸能,但进一步研究可知,合适的外部约束形式和内部碳管数量可使MFS比吸能高于SCT的最大比吸能。      

蜂窝增强泡沫塑料的静动态力学性能

采用蜂窝切割和注塑成型两道工序制备了蜂窝增强泡沫塑料试样, 并对试样进行了准静态压缩试验。通过试验机压头的压力-位移数据, 计算不同参数蜂窝增强泡沫塑料试样的应力-应变曲线。实验结果表明, 在相同条件下, 所有蜂窝增强泡沫塑料试样的应力均大于蜂窝与泡沫塑料的应力之和。通过分析得出, 随着蜂窝孔格边长的减小和试样厚度的增大, 复合效应更加明显。在此基础上, 建立了蜂窝增强泡沫塑料的仿真模型, 并对模型施加压力脉冲载荷, 验证了复合材料在动态冲击下, 同样具有良好的复合效应。研究表明, 这种蜂窝增强泡沫塑料既可以作为低应变率场合的缓冲材料使用, 又可以应用于高应变率冲击下的抗爆场合。      

Fracture analysis of V‐notched rubbers: An experimental and theoretical study

In this study, the rupture load in rubbers weakened by sharp V‐notch is investigated under mode I loading. To this end, first, mode I fracture tests are performed on V‐notched samples made of styrene‐butadiene rubbers and the corresponding rupture loads are obtained. Then, the effective stretch (ES) criterion, which was recently developed by the present authors for rupture assessment of cracked rubber parts, is extended and used for the V‐notched rubbers. It is shown that similar to cracked rubbers, the state of stress near the notch tip is also nearly uniaxial. By employing the ES criterion, the critical displacements corresponding to the rupture in the tested samples are calculated. Finally, the predictions of the criterion are compared with the corresponding experimental values, and good consistency is shown to exist.     

Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical responses of hybrid laminated composites based on high-density flexible polyurethane foam

Hybrid laminated composites were fabricated based on high-density flexible polyurethane foam and reinforced with inter/intra-ply hybrid laminates. Transient responses of hybrid composites under quasi-static and dynamic loadings with various thicknesses and expansion factors were comparatively investigated. Experimental results revealed that foam cell collapse and hybrid laminates rupture were dominant mechanisms of energy absorption. Interlaminar stress and composite tensile strength determined the compressive potential energy and double-peak behavior. Quasi-static bursting and puncture resistances exhibited totally different relationships to various constructions and expansion factors. Energy dissipation capacity is influenced more significantly by the constant rate of transverse (CRT) puncture than dynamic puncture process. CRT puncture resistance is superior to the corresponding dynamic puncture resistance for all constructions. The hybrid laminated composites contributes to eliminate more than 95% of the incident force in the drop weight impact test. Compared with non-laminated panel, the hybrid laminated composites exhibited higher resistance to static and dynamic loadings.     

新型组合耗能器耗能特性试验研究

提出了一种将增位型黏滞阻尼墙跨层布置的增效耗能减震结构体系。基于能量等效原理,并采用积分的方法建立了增位型阻尼墙的阻尼力和滞回耗能的计算公式,进行了普通黏滞阻尼墙和位移放大3倍的增位型阻尼墙的拟静力试验,在相同的位移幅值和加载频率下,增位型阻尼墙的阻尼力放大4.40倍,耗能平均放大4.41倍。进一步对某30层混凝土框架核心筒结构进行普通阻尼墙与增位型阻尼墙的地震响应对比分析。通过对比分析验证了增位型阻尼墙的减震效果,并且发现增位型阻尼墙跨层布置时的结构附加阻尼比倍数提高,结构响应进一步减小。将增位型阻尼墙跨层布置可取得更优的减震控制效果。