基于语义理解的文本情感分类方法研究

文本情感分类方法在信息过滤、信息安全、信息推荐中都有广泛的应用.提出一种基于语义理解的文本情感分类方法,在情感词识别中引入了情感义原,通过赋予概念情感语义,重新定义概念的情感相似度,得到词语情感语义值.分析语义层副词的出现规律及其对文本倾向性判定的影响,实现了基于语义理解的文本情感分类.实验表明,该方法能有效地判定文本情感倾向性.     

基于语义理解的中文博文倾向性分析

博客作为一种大众化的信息及文化载体被越来越多的人所接受,博客文本的情感倾向性分析也逐渐成为信息挖掘领域的热点。目前,文本倾向性分析的研究大都围绕普通文本、新闻评论进行,针对博客文本的特点,提出一种基于语义理解的博客文本倾向性分类方法。首先以HowNet情感词语集为基准,构建中文基础情感词典,并用中文词语相似度方法计算词语的情感权值,同时分析语义层副词的出现规律及其对文本倾向性判断的影响,最后利用博主的语言风格因素对倾向性结果进行修正实现博文的情感分类。实验表明,该方法能有效地判定博客文本情感倾向性。     

基于语义理解的文本倾向性识别机制

文本倾向性识别在垃圾邮件过滤、信息安全和自动文摘等领域都有广泛的应用。本文提出了基于语义理解的文本倾向性识别机制。其主要思想是首先计算词汇与知网中已标注褒贬性的词汇间的相似度,获取词汇的倾向性;再选择倾向性明显的词汇作为特征值,用SVM分类器分析文本的褒贬性;最后采用否定规则匹配文本中的语义否定的策略提高分类效果,同时处理程度副词附近的褒义词和贬义词,以加强对文本褒贬义强度的识别。     

基于情感本体的主题网络舆情倾向性分析

在研究文本倾向性识别方法的基础上,分别实现基于文本分类、基于语义规则模式和基于情感词的倾向性分析算法.研究情感本体构建和基于HowNet与主题领域语料的情感概念选择方法,两者结合能提高情感本体中概念的全面性和领域针对性.利用情感本体抽取特征词并判断其情感倾向度,结合句法规则及程度副词影响,用特征情感倾向度作为特征权重,采用机器学习的方法对主题网络舆情web文本进行倾向性分析.实验表明,其分析结果有更高的准确率和召回率,实现方案的普遍性和稳定性值得进一步研究.     

基于N-gram超核的中文倾向性句子识别

倾向性句子识别是文本倾向性分析的重要组成部分,其目的是识别文档中具有情感倾向的主观性句子。中文句子的倾向性不仅与倾向词有关,而且还跟句法、语义等因素有关,这使得倾向性句子识别不能简单地从词语的倾向性来统计得到。该文提出了一种基于N-gram超核的中文倾向性句子识别分类算法。该算法基于句子的句法、语义等特征构造N-gram超核函数,并采用基于该超核函数的支持向量机分类器识别中文倾向性句子。实验结果表明,与多项式核、N-gram核等单核函数相比,基于N-gram超核的中文倾向性句子识别算法在一定程度上能有效识别倾向性句子。     

网页在线评论情感倾向的直觉模糊分类

网页在线评论的情感分类关系到个人决策、企业管理甚至社会安全。提出了一种基于直觉模糊推理的情感分类方法,通过样本库的学习将特征在分类时的不确定性分别用隶属度、非隶属度、犹豫度定量地描述,同时定量地考虑程度副词、转折词、否定词对表达情感的作用,然后通过对特征的直觉模糊信息的集结,按词组、句子、文本三个级别依次合其情感倾向,得到文本的情感倾向。在对公开语料库的比较实验中证明了该方法的正确性和分类性能。     

基于直觉模糊推理的网页在线评论情感倾向分类

在分析情感倾向分类的特点的基础上,提出一种基于直觉模糊推理的网页在线评论情感倾向分类方法。该方法通过样本库的学习将特征在分类时的不确定性分别用隶属度、非隶属度、犹豫度定量地描述,同时定量地考虑程度副词、转折词、否定词对表达情感的作用;然后通过对特征的直觉模糊信息的集结,按词组、句子、文本三个级别依次合成其情感倾向,得到文本的情感倾向。该方法在对公开语料库的测试中获得了很高的准确率和召回率。     

基于HowNet的句子褒贬倾向性研究

文本倾向性识别在信息过滤、自动文摘、文本分类等领域有广泛的应用前景。句子倾向性研究是文本倾向性识别的基础,结合句法分析结果和词语语义倾向性可以衡量句子褒贬倾向性。以HowNet的词汇语义相似度计算为基础,提出了基于的语义距离和语法距离的句子褒贬倾向性计算方法。大量语句实验表明,该方法的计算结果与人工判别结果更接近。     

基于情感词典的藏语文本句子情感分类

该文通过借鉴中文及英文情感分析中基于极性词典的方法来对藏文句子文本进行情感分析。首先我们通过人工的方法构建了一个全面、高效的极性词典,包括基础词词典、否定词词典、双重否定词词典、程度副词词典以及转折词词典,将极性词与修饰词组合成极性短语作为极性计算的基本单元,并研究了转折词对句子情感极性的影响,提出了一种基于极性词典的藏语文本句子情感分析方法。实验结果表明,利用该文构建的词典进行的倾向性分析效果良好。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的文本分类算法

自动文本分类领域近年来已经产生了若干成熟的分类算法,但这些算法主要基于概率统计模型,没有与文本自身的语法和语义建立起联系。提出了将隐马尔可夫序列分析模型（HMM）用于自动文本分类的算法,首先构造表示文档类别的特征词集合,并以文档类别的特征词序列作为不同HMM分类器的观察序列,而HMM的状态转换序列则隐含地表示了不同类别文档内容的形成演化过程。分类时,具有最大生成概率的HMM分类器类标即为测试文档的分类结果。该算法构造的分类器模型一定程度上体现了不同类别文档的语法和语义特征,并可以实现多类别的自动文本分类,分类效率较高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.