基于用户搜索意图的Web网页动态泛化

基于目前对用户搜索意图的分类,进一步分析了每种用户意图的信息需求,提出了基于用户搜索意图的Web网页动态泛化模型,为搜索的Web网页动态地建立文档片段、关键词、导航类型、文档格式之间的概念层次,通过网页内容、类型和格式的泛化为不同的访问意图提供进一步的搜索导航,从而返回与搜索意图更相关的结果.与相关工作对比,重点并非获取用户意图,也不是对用户意图分类,而是基于用户搜索意图的Web网页动态泛化模型的建立及Web网页泛化过程的实现.实验结果表明,该泛化模型不仅能够通过导航自动获取用户搜索意图,而且能够基于该意图提供相关搜索结果以及进一步的搜索导航.     

基于用户搜索意图的Web 网页动态泛化

基于目前对用户搜索意图的分类,进一步分析了每种用户意图的信息需求,提出了基于用户搜索意图的 Web 网页动态泛化模型,为搜索的Web 网页动态地建立文档片段、关键词、导航类型、文档格式之间的概念层次, 通过网页内容、类型和格式的泛化为不同的访问意图提供进一步的搜索导航,从而返回与搜索意图更相关的结果. 与相关工作对比,重点并非获取用户意图,也不是对用户意图分类,而是基于用户搜索意图的Web 网页动态泛化模型 的建立及Web 网页泛化过程的实现.实验结果表明,该泛化模型不仅能够通过导航自动获取用户搜索意图,而且能够 基于该意图提供相关搜索结果以及进一步的搜索导航.     

基于智能交互的汽车主动响应式交互设计

随着主动响应式交互向车内引入,汽车可以预测用户意图并主动发起功能,从而 减少分心、增加灵性,提升驾驶安全性与车内用户体验。在汽车主动响应式交互的设计中,机 制层面的用户意图预测模型的准确度成为影响主动响应式交互体验好坏的关键。但是对于如何 提高用户预测模型的预测准确度还缺乏行之有效的手段,目前预测模型的结果不是十分准确, 相关研究还比较少。智能交互是提升机器人性能的有效手段,将其引入到主动响应式交互的设 计中,能通过其获取提升用户意图模型预测准确性所需的信息,帮助突破目前算法上存在的瓶 颈。提出了运用智能交互提升预测准确性的路径和基于智能交互的汽车主动响应式交互设计的 框架与注意点,并结合具体案例设计进行了阐释。     

支持隐式人机交互的分布式视觉系统

交互技术的发展推动着交互方式的转变并催生新的交互理论和交互范式。隐式人机交互是一种新型人机交互范式,其特点是用户无需直接操作计算机等设备,交互系统通过分布式传感器检测,分析用户动作,在线地获取当前的动态上下文,用于理解用户的意图,作为系统的隐含输入,产生与用户意图相适应的隐含输出来为用户服务。本文分析了隐式交互对计算系统的需求,提出了通用化的面向应用的服务共享模型,以用于构建分布式视觉系统。基于该系统实现的隐式交互实例表明,上述模型是通用的服务共享模型,能够实现多种隐式交互系统。     

面向多样化搜索背景的查询推荐策略

基于日志的搜索引擎查询推荐方法大多从流行性角度进行查询推荐,这种方式能够带来不错的推荐效果.然而,流行性行为代表群体用户共性的需求,所以这类推荐方法忽略了用户背景不同带来的搜索需求的差异,当小团体用户的搜索需求与流行性需求不一致时,往往造成小团体搜索需求无法被满足,进而导致针对此类用户的推荐失败.而且,在搜索引擎领域,用户信息难以获取,提供个性化推荐服务也比较困难.为了减少推荐失败的风险,提高查询推荐质量,提出一种折衷的解决方案,面向多样化搜索背景的查询推荐策略.在查询流图的基础上构造密集行为块,通过密集行为块表示用户特征,从而构建典型用户行为模型,并以典型用户行为区分用户背景.另外,还提出了面向多样化搜索背景的查询推荐方法,当搜索词面临多种用户背景时,推荐系统提供多样化的推荐词集合,最后,在真实数据集的实验结果证明了本策略能够在较小程度降低准确度的同时降低推荐失败的风险.     

基于可信度的Web信息搜索主动服务研究

现有的Web信息搜索方式是基于关键词匹配来进行的,其准确性和可靠性有限。本文以用户需求为中心,收集用户偏好,应用后台软件采用C4.5决策树算法构建文件过滤规则,结合基于主观Bayes方法的不确定性推理为过滤规则追加可信度支持,并用模糊规则来描述,确保Web信息搜索的查全率和查准率全面提升。     

基于关联规则挖掘的垂直元搜索引擎研究

针对目前全文搜索引擎中存在的查准率较低、不能充分满足专业用户对搜索引擎的搜索需求的问题,设计一种基于元搜索技术的垂直搜索引擎系统结构。利用关联规则挖掘用户关注度较高的信息,提取这些信息中与关键词相关的隐形关键词,并用于扩展搜索。设计基于多关键词组搜索的改进的元搜索引擎位置排序算法。实验结果表明,与以前搜索引擎系统相比,该系统的专业相关度有了一定提高。     

基于搜索结果的个性化推荐系统研究

搜索引擎返回的信息太多且不能根据用户的兴趣提供检索结果,使得用户使用搜索引擎难以用简便的方式找到感兴趣的文档。个性化推荐是一种旨在减轻用户在信息检索方面负担的有效方法。文中把内容过滤技术和文档聚类技术相结合,实现了一个基于搜索结果的个性化推荐系统,以聚类的方法自动组织搜索结果,主动推荐用户感兴趣的文档。通过建立用户概率兴趣模型,对搜索结果STC聚类的基础上进行内容过滤。实验表明,概率模型比矢量空间模型更好地表达了用户的兴趣和变化。     

基于搜索结果的个性化推荐系统研究

搜索引擎返回的信息太多且不能根据用户的兴趣提供检索结果，使得用户使用搜索引擎难以用简便的方式找到感兴趣的文档。个性化推荐是一种旨在减轻用户在信息检索方面负担的有效方法。文中把内容过滤技术和文档聚类技术相结合，实现了一个基于搜索结果的个性化推荐系统，以聚类的方法自动组织搜索结果，主动推荐用户感兴趣的文档。通过建立用户概率兴趣模型，对搜索结果跚℃聚类的基础上进行内容过滤。实验表明，概率模型比矢量空间模型更好地表达了用户的兴趣和变化。     

加密云数据下的关键词模糊搜索方案

对于加密云数据的搜索,传统的关键词模糊搜索方案虽然能搜索到相关文档,但是搜索的结果并不令人满意。在用户输入正确的情况下,无法完成近似搜索,当用户出现拼写错误时,返回的结果中包含大量无关关键词文档,严重浪费了带宽资源。针对目前在加密云数据下关键词模糊搜索的缺陷,提出了一种新型的关键词模糊搜索方案,通过对关键词计算相关度分数并对文档根据相关度分数进行排序,将top-k（即相关度最高的k个文档）个文档返回给搜索用户,减少了不必要的带宽浪费和用户寻找有效文档的时间消耗,提供了更加有效的搜索结果,并且通过引入虚假陷门集,增大了云服务器对文档关键词的分析难度,增加了系统的隐私性保护。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。