通道失配条件下的MUSIC算法性能分析

本文分析了通道失配对高分辨率谱估计算法(MUSIC)的影响.推导了通道失配与方向估计误差的关系表达式,给出了Cramer-Rao界和计算机模拟结果。理论和仿真结果表明:通道失配会增大方向估计误差,使其性能变坏。     

基于空间平滑多重信号分类算法的低角目标探测

基于阵列信号处理的目标回波到达方向（DOA）估计算法具有分辨力强、估计精度高、抗干扰能力强的特点，是目标测向的研究热点。多重信号分类（MUSIC）算法就是基于阵列信号处理的目标测向算法之一，传统的多重信号分类算法假设目标回波是互不相关的，这导致其应用效果受到较大的限制。在传统多重信号分类算法的基础上，采用空间平滑多重信号分类算法进行目标回波解相干处理，推导给出了估计目标回波到达角度的表达式以及该算法的实现流程框图，并结合数值模拟结果以及实际应用场景对该算法的优缺点进行了对比分析。空间平滑多重信号分类算法在低角目标探测、单目标多径问题、多目标到达角度与多目标数量估计等方面具有一定优势。     

信源数目过估计和欠估计下MUSIC算法分析

分析了信源数目过估计与欠估计情况下的MUSIC算法性能，仿真实验发现信源数目过估计下MUSIC谱出现伪峰，并且随着过估计程度的加重伪峰的数目增多，DOA估计的均方根误差增大；而欠估计情况下某些谱峰消失，并且随着欠估计程度的加重谱峰数减少，均方根误差增大。提出一种改进算法，在信源数目有误差的情况下，该算法的性能好于MUSIC算法的性能。     

柱面共形阵列高性能低复杂度DOA估计算法

针对柱面共形阵列的波达方向(DOA)估计问题,从信号子空间的角度分析了在阵元遮挡下应用多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法的性能缺陷。在此基础上提出通过偏置常数的方法克服经典MUSIC算法的阵元遮挡问题。进一步提出一种基于数据自适应子阵分割的快速DOA估计算法,该方法先利用稀疏采样的偏置MUSIC算法进行DOA预估,依此确定所需要的子阵及二维搜索区域,确定MUSIC算法的搜索范围,进而得到高精确度的DOA估计。利用子阵分割的方法进行DOA估计,避免了经典MUSIC算法因阵元遮挡导致运算量大、精确度低等问题。仿真结果表明,该方法能大幅度降低运算复杂度,同时提高DOA估计精确度。     

MUSIC及其改进算法的研究与实现

研究了用于阵列信号处理领域的重要分支,即信号到达角估计的几种MUSIC算法。阐述了经典MUSIC算法、前后向空间平滑MUSIC算法、改进MUSIC算法的原理。采用Matlab进行的仿真表明,经典MUSIC算法对于非相干信源的到达角估计具有良好的性能,但不能用于相干信源的到达角估计;前后向空间平滑MUSIC算法使可估计信源数减小、计算复杂度较高;改进MUSIC算法性能最好,不影响非相关信源的估计,也无明显计算量增加。几种算法在到达角估计中有各自的优缺点。     

High-resolution direction finding: the missing data case

This paper considers the problem of estimating the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of one or more signals using an array of sensors, where some of the sensors fail to work before the measurement is completed. Methods for estimating the array output covariance matrix are discussed. In particular, the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimate of this covariance matrix and its asymptotic accuracy are derived and discussed. Different covariance matrix estimates are used for DOA estimation together with the MUSIC algorithm and with a covariance matching technique. In contrast to MUSIC, the covariance matching technique can utilize information on the estimation accuracy of the array covariance matrix, and it is demonstrated that this yields a significant performance gain     

幅相误差对两类高分辨测向算法性能的影响

高分辨测向算法主要包括MUSIC算法、最小范数法、前向平滑算法和修正MUSIC算法等.无论是针对独立源或是相干源,在没有考虑阵元的幅相误差的情况下,这些算法都能准确进行到达方向(DOA)的估计.主要考虑存在幅相误差时,两类高分辨测向算法(最小范数法和前向平滑算法)的DOA估计性能.最后,给出了计算机仿真结果,并对幅相误...     

一种不考虑信源数目的修正MUSIC算法

分析了信源数目估计误差下的MUSIC算法性能.为了解决信源数目过估计下出现虚假信号和欠估计下谱峰消失的问题,提出了一种改进算法.该算法通过对采样数据的共轭重排再利用,重新构造相关矩阵来改善测向性能.改进的算法不仅能成功运用于非相关信号源和相关信号源,还具有不用考虑信源数目的优点.计算机仿真结果证明了改进算法的正确性和有效性.     

A performance analysis of subspace-based methods in the presence ofmodel errors. I. The MUSIC algorithm

Application of subspace-based algorithms to narrowband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation requires that both the array response in all directions of interest and the spatial covariance of the noise must be known. In practice, however, neither of these quantities is known precisely. Depending on the degree to which they deviate from their nominal values, serious performance degradation can result. The performance of the MUSIC algorithm is examined for situations in which the noise covariance and array response are perturbed from their assumed values. Theoretical expressions for the error in the MUSIC DOA estimates are derived and compared with simulations performed for several representative cases, and with the appropriate Cramer-Rao bound. An optimally weighted version of MUSIC is proposed for a particular class of array errors     

A new subspace identification algorithm for high-resolution DOA estimation

In this paper, we propose a new direction of arrival (DOA) estimator for sensor-array processing. The estimator is based on a linear algebraic connection between the standard subspace model of the array correlation matrix and a special signal-plus-interference model, which we develop in this paper. The estimator we propose is a signal subspace scaled MUSIC algorithm, which we call SSMUSIC. It is not a subspace weighted MUSIC, because the scaling depends on the eigenstructure of the estimated signal subspace. SSMUSIC has the advantage of simultaneously estimating the DOA and the power of each source. We employ a second-order perturbation analysis of the estimator and derive stochastic representations for its bias and squared-error. We compare the new DOA estimator with the MUSIC estimator, based on these representations. Numerical results demonstrate the superior performance of SSMUSIC relative to MUSIC and the validity of the perturbation results.     

一种新的阵列天线校正方法

基于特征值分解的高分辨率DOA估计算法,如MUSIC算法,在理想阵列条件下,性能很好,但是对噪声扰动和系统误差都很敏感,噪声扰动和系统误差会严重恶化这一类算法的性能,使其分辨率下降。本文提出一种基于MUSIC算法的阵列校正方法,它仅仅需要在阵列周围满足远场条件的地方布置几个RF信号源,不需要知道信号源的方位角。仿真结果证明,这种方法行之有效。     

一种基于海洋回波的单极子/ 交叉环天线相位校正方法

高频地波雷达(HFSWR)使用多重信号分类算法MUSIC 算法估计信号源的到达角时,接收通道幅相特性的不一致会使MUSIC 算法的分辨性能下降,甚至完全失效。文中针对单极子/ 交叉环天线提出一种基于海洋回波的相位校正方法:首先,预选出一阶谱区的大信噪比谱点;然后,结合天线三通道相位中心一致的特性进行有效谱点的筛选;最后,利用有效谱点的相位差均值估计出相位误差。将该方法应用于北部湾海域收集的实测数据处理中,验证了方法的有效性。     

Robustness of the coherently distributed MUSIC algorithm to the imperfect knowledge of the spatial distribution of the sources

The MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) estimator has been widely studied for a long time for its high resolution capabilities in the domain of the directional of arrival (DOA) estimation, with the sources assumed to be point. However, when the actual sources are spatially distributed with angular dispersion, the performance of the conventional MUSIC is degraded. This paper deals with the sensitivity of MUSIC to modeling error due to coherently distributed (CD) sources. A performance analysis of an extended MUSIC taking into account a generalized steering vector based on a CD source model (CD-MUSIC) is first studied. We establish closed-form expressions of the DOA estimation bias and mean square error due to both the model error and the effects of a finite number of snapshots. The aim of this paper is also to determine when the point source assumption is acceptable for standard MUSIC. The analytical results are validated by numerical simulations and discussed in different configurations.     

基于时频点聚类的LFM信号波达方向估计

基于空间时频分布(spatial time-frequency distribution, STFD)的多重信号分类(multiple signal classification, MUSIC)算法常用于非平稳信号波达方向(direction of arrival, DOA)估计, 其关键是选取合适的信号时频点.文中针对传统时频MUSIC算法不能提取各信号时频点且在小角度间隔时估计性能不佳的问题, 以线性调频(line frequency modulation, LFM)信号为研究对象, 提出了基于时频点聚类的DOA估计算法.该算法首先对阵列接收信号进行白化, 利用白化后的接收信号构造STFD矩阵, 达到抑制STFD矩阵的交叉项、突出信号自项的目的, 然后利用K均值聚类提取各信号时频点, 最后运用MUSIC算法估计DOA.对不同角度间隔和不同信噪比时三种算法的估计均方根误差进行了仿真对比, 结果表明:相比经典时频MUSIC算法, 文中算法在小角度间隔和低信噪比时有更好的估计性能.     

一种DOA估计的快速子空间算法

MUSIC算法是一种属于特征结构的子空间超分辨方法，该算法性能优良，但需要估计协方差矩阵并对其进行特征分解，运算量大，很费计算时间。本文对波这方向估计问题进行了研究并提出了一种采取降维处理的快速子空间算法，该算法利用阵列协方差矩阵的一个子矩阵快速得到信号子空问，无需特征分解，且无需估计整个协方差矩阵，只需估计该子矩阵，故快速算法运算复杂度远低于MUSlC算法，而性能损失并不太大。理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明此方法是有效的。     

基于MUSIC的阵列天线通道误差的盲估计算法

基于特征值分解的高分辨率DOA估计算法,在理想阵列条件下,性能很好,但是对噪声扰动和系统误差都很敏感,噪声扰动和系统误差会严重恶化这一类算法的性能,使其分辨率下降。该文提出一种基于MUSIC算法的盲估计方法,它仅仅需要在阵列周围满足远场条件的地方布置一个RF信号源,不需要知道信号源的方位角,就可以精确估计阵列天线的通道误差。仿真结果证明,这种方法行之有效,而且效果比较理想。     

Joint Estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB System Using a Successive MUSIC Algorithm

Time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA) are key parameters in the impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) positioning system with a two-antennas receiver. A two-dimensional (2D) multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm, which requires the 2D spectral peak search, can be used to estimate the parameters, but it has much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive MUSIC algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak search. The proposed algorithm obtains the initial estimate of TOA corresponding to the first antenna via Root-MUSIC, and simplifies the 2D global search into successive one-dimensional searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas. It then estimates the DOA parameters via the difference of the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm can get the parameters paired automatically, and has a much lower complexity than 2D-MUSIC algorithm. In addition, we have derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer–Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in the paper. The simulation results show that the parameter estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of Root-MUSIC, and is almost the same as that of 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Moreover, it has much better performance than matrix pencil algorithm, propagator method and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm.     

DOA error estimation in 3D cylindrical dipole array geometries including the mutual coupling effect

The direction of arrival (DOA) error in dipole 3D arrays is estimated through Monte-Carlo simulations using the standard MUSIC algorithm. Novel 3D geometries are implemented which demonstrate better precision given the same lateral area. The mutual coupling effect is included by changing the search vector in the MUSIC DOA algorithm for the novel 3D geometries. A simple straight forward method is used which does not need complex electromagnetic computations. Simulations show that the proposed method can successfully account for the mutual coupling effects in two dimensional direction finding (both azimuth and elevation angle) with novel 3D array geometries. Reduced DOA estimation error is observed in the novel geometries which can be used as a method of mitigation for the mutual coupling effect.     

基于TD-SCDMA无线定位虚拟线阵四阶累量修正MUSIC算法的研究

无线定位的圆-角定位技术中,DOA估计极其重要。本文针对基于TD-SCDMA智能天线预处理后的虚拟均匀线阵MUSIC算法带来的阵列孔径小,抗阵元误差扰动性差的不足,研究了基于模式空间虚拟均匀线阵四阶累量的MUSIC算法,由于虚拟线阵四阶累量MUSIC算法的应用范围局限于独立的信号源的DOA估计,不能用于相关信号源DOA估计,因而提出了基于模式空间虚拟均匀线阵四阶累量的修正MUSIC(FOC-MMUSIC)算法,有效地拓展了阵元孔径,改善了系统抗阵元误差扰动和算法对相关信号源DOA的估计性能。     

最小二乘矩阵滤波器在目标方位估计中的应用

雷达声呐目标探测主要依靠多传感器的阵列数据,当前广泛使用的MUSIC算法是一种准确度较高的目标方位估计算法,但在小快拍数、低信噪比、小阵元数条件下,性能会受到较大影响.矩阵滤波技术用于阵列数据预处理,可有效提高目标方位估计性能.首先,考虑最小二乘矩阵滤波器的设计方案,分析通带中心位置对其性能的影响;其次,利用设计的最小...