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电催化氧化技术的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
探讨了电催化氧化的机理,及国内外目前对该技术在有机物降解的影响因素及机理、电极的开发研制、供电方式等方面的研究进展。最后提出了电催化氧化在有机物降解的应用中存在的问题及今后的研究方向。 相似文献
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基于活化过硫酸盐(PMS)的新型高级氧化技术(AOPs),相对于传统氧化技术具有低成本、稳定性强、氧化效率高等优点,已成为水污染治理领域的前沿热点课题,活化PMS(过硫酸盐)氧化工艺对于降解水中新兴微污染物具有潜在应用价值,应用前景广阔。因此,综述了近年来紫外活化过硫酸盐的新型高级氧化技术,包括紫外-过渡金属活化、碳材料-紫外活化等,对降解有机污染物的研究现状进行了简要而系统的综述,此外,还阐述了紫外活化PMS技术降解氧化有机污染物的影响因素和机理,最后对该技术目前在应用上的机遇和不足进行了探讨,对该领域的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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高级氧化技术降解双酚A的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对高级氧化技术降解污水中一种内分泌干扰物双酚A(BPA)的作用机理和研究现状进行了综合评述。针对高级氧化技术中最重要的5种技术,即芬顿氧化及光-芬顿氧化、电化学氧化、光分解及光氧化、超声辐射和光催化氧化,详述了各种氧化技术的作用机理、降解效果以及影响因素等。还对这5种高级氧化技术今后可能的发展方向做了初步展望,鉴于各种高级氧化技术降解BPA的条件不同,通过合理设计多种高级氧化技术复合作用并建立优化模型,开发低能耗、高效率以及广泛适用于内分泌干扰物及持久性有机污染物的处理技术。 相似文献
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随着科技的进步,对环境造成的危害也不断加剧,其中有机污染物双酚A,可能导致内分泌失调,威胁着胎儿和儿童的健康,降解双酚A对于研学理界非常重要。本文对臭氧氧化降解双酚A影响因素进行分析研究,考察了溶液p H值、反应时间、双酚A初始浓度、反应温度和臭氧量等物化参数对臭氧氧化降解模拟双酚A废水效率的影响,同时对双酚A降解机理进行了研究。结果表明,臭氧氧化降解双酚A的最佳条件为:温度25℃,初始浓度100 mg/L,p H值6.6,臭氧投加量12 mg/min,反应时间75min。且臭氧氧化双酚A的过程为臭氧的直接氧化。该研究为臭氧的工业化生产及人们的生产生活应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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真菌吸附法处理重金属废水 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了目前国内外采用真菌吸附分离废水中重金属离子的研究状况,讨论了不同真菌的吸附能力、预处理方法,总结了真菌吸附的效果、影响因素、机理和规律,展望了真菌吸附重金属的发展趋势和应用前景. 相似文献
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介绍了无氧条件下和有氧条件下聚醚的热降解产物,综述了无氧条件下和有氧条件下聚醚结构中聚氧乙烯链节和聚氧丙烯链节的热降解机理和热降解反应路径、影响聚醚热稳定性能的主要因素及聚醚的热降解反应动力学。 相似文献
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Robert O. Dunn 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(5):381-387
Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel derived from transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats, is composed of saturated
and unsaturated long-chain FA alkyl esters. During long-term storage, oxidation caused by contact with air (autoxidation)
presents a legitimate concern with respect to monitoring and maintaining fuel quality. Extensive oxidative degradation may
compromise quality by adversely affecting kinematic viscosity, acid value, or PV. This work examines the oil stability index
(OSI) as a parameter for monitoring the oxidative stability of soybean oil FAME (SME). SME samples from five separate sources
and with varying storage and handling histories were analyzed for OSI at 60°C using an oxidative stability instrument. Results
showed that OSI may be used to measure relative oxidative stability of SME samples as well as to differentiate between samples
from different producers. Although addition of α-tocopherol or TBHQ increased OSI, responses to these antioxidants varied
with respect to SME sample. Variations in response to added antioxidant were attributed to aging and other effects that may
have caused oxidative degradation in samples prior to acquisition for this study. Results showed that OSI was more sensitive
than iodine value in detecting the effects of oxidative degradation in its early stages when monitoring SME during storage. 相似文献
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介绍了聚乙烯土工膜的成型工艺,重点概述了聚乙烯土工膜糙面成型方法及工艺,阐述了糙面土工膜近期发展的趋势及所面临的一些问题,展望了聚乙烯糙面土工膜广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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化学吸收法CO2捕集技术的核心是吸收剂,吸收剂的稳定性是实现CO2捕集装置长周期连续运行的关键。本文针对0.6mol/L AEP-0.4mol/L DPA-0.1mol/L ACT相变有机胺吸收体系高温、含氧等条件下降解会带来腐蚀增强、吸收剂损耗的技术难题,进行了降解组分分析,研究了降解的主要影响因素。研究发现,CO2负载、O2、温度对降解率均有较大影响,其中影响因素排序为CO2>O2>温度,Fe3+对氧化降解影响大于对热降解的影响。通过GC-MS分析可知,热降解热稳定盐主要有3种,氧化降解热稳定盐主要有6种。为抑制热降解与氧化降解,研究选取酒石酸钾钠等6种抗氧化剂进行考察,得到最佳抗氧化剂为丙酮肟,最佳添加量为800mg/L,其中热降解抑制率为97.9%,氧化降解抑制率达到98.3%,实现了AEP-DPA-ACT相变体系的低降解率,为相变纳米流体的稳定运行提供了保障。 相似文献
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由于纳米结构半导体硫化铜具有独特的物化性质,使其在光电材料方面得到广泛应用。本文根据国内外的最新研究进展介绍了水热法和溶剂热法制备硫化铜各种形貌的影响因素:反应物质、溶剂、反应温度、反应时间。同时介绍了不同形貌的带隙能及降解有机污染物的研究情况。还介绍了其复合材料在光降解有机物的研究进展。最后对硫化铜纳米晶体材料的能带值的可能影响因素及应用前景做了展望,以期对该领域的研究有一定的帮助。 相似文献
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Evaluation of the oxidative stability of corn biodiesel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The main factors responsible for the oxidative processes of biodiesel are oxygen, metal traces, high temperature and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids. The biodiesel quality is harmed by the oxidation products, which are corrosive to engine chambers and may lead to clogging of the injection pumps and filters, besides increasing the biodiesel viscosity. Thus, this work aimed at investigating the oxidative stability of corn biodiesel, obtained by base-catalyzed transesterification reaction, using the ethanol route. As-synthesized, stored and heated biodiesel samples were characterized by peroxide value, iodine value and dynamic viscosity. UV/Vis absorption was used to evaluate the oxidative degradation of biodiesel, by means of the 232 and 272 nm absorption peaks, ascribed to double bonds and carbonyl groups, respectively. The TG and PDSC thermal analysis techniques were also employed to analyze the oxidative stability. The oxidative decomposition was confirmed by the increase of the dynamic viscosities. PDSC curves showed that the oxidation onset temperature was reduced as the sample was exposed to degradation factors during heating and storage. Such results were in agreement with the peroxide and iodine values, as well as with dynamic viscosity values. 相似文献