金刚石膜和类金刚石膜的电子能量损失谱和喇曼光谱的研究

用电子能量损失谱(EELS)研究了金刚石膜、类金刚石膜和高取向石墨的特征能量损失峰.金刚石膜的特征峰主要是5.4eV和15eV的带间跃迁,23eV和34eV的表面等离子激元和体等离子激元.类金刚石膜的特征峰主要是 4.5eV的π电子的体等离子激元,13eV的带间跃迁,22.4eV的(π+ σ)电子的体等离子激元.石墨的特征峰主要是6eV的π电子的等离子激元,13eV带间跃迁和C轴方向等离子激元,20eV的C轴方向的等离子激元和25.6eV的基面等离子激元.比较了α-C和α-C:H能量损失谱和喇曼光谱,利用hω_(p(π+σ))和hω_(p(x))峰位计算了类金刚石膜中sp~3键和sp~2键的比例.研究了不同CH_4浓度生长的金刚石膜的能量损失谱,利用hω_(p(π+σ))和hω_(p(x))峰位计算金刚石膜中类金刚石第二相内的sp~2键和sp~3键的比例,利用第二相的体等离子激元损失峰hω_(p(π+σ))与金刚石的体等离子激元损失峰hω_(p(σ))的强度比来估价第二相的多少.     

黑色组织对直流电弧等离子体喷射金刚石自支撑膜光学、热学性能的影响

利用直流电弧等离子体喷射化学气相沉积法进行不同质量的金刚石厚膜的制备。金刚石膜用倒置荧光显微镜(OM)、高分辨电镜(HRTEM)、电子能量损失谱(EELS)、拉曼谱(Raman)进行表征,同时测量了不同质量金刚石膜的红外透过率和热导率。研究结果表明,黑色组织主要是金刚石膜中的夹杂物,成分主要是非晶碳和杂质氮。对于光学级透明金刚石膜,具有很高的红外透过率和热导率,黑色组织的存在明显降低了金刚石膜的质量,对金刚石膜的红外透过率和热导率的影响非常显著。     

高温超导体Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8电子能量损失谱研究

自从发现高温超导体以来,对它的导电机理及电子结构研究引起了人们广泛的兴趣。本文用电子能量损失谱(EELS)研究了Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8超导体的价电子结构,能量损失函数及介电函数,计算了其它各种光学常数。实验过程为将烧结超导样品在盛有CCl_4的玛璃研钵中研碎,然后将其滴于由铜网支持的微孔碳膜上。实验在装备有GATAN-666同时检测电子能量损失谱仪     

电化学沉积DLC和CNx薄膜的微观形貌比较

类金刚石碳膜(简称DLC)是一类具有高硬度、化学惰性、低介电常数、宽光学带隙等特点的非晶碳膜，在机械、电子、化学等领域具有广阔的应用前景。类金刚石碳膜(DLC)中掺入氮元素的主要目的有两个：一是寻求人工合成β-C3N4超硬化合物的可能性，二是对类金刚石碳膜进行掺杂，以改善其     

氧气氛环境对无氢类金刚石膜红外性能的影响

采用飞秒激光制备了无氢氧掺杂类金刚石膜,研究了环境气压对膜层红外性能的影响,并从掺杂含量、原子键、晶态结构等微观特性方面分析了膜层在含氧条件下的演变。研究发现:氧气氛环境可以提高无氢类金刚石膜中金刚石相的含量,有效降低类金刚石膜的红外吸收,从而增强其红外透射性能;膜层折射率可以由气氛环境自由调控,为多层光学膜的设计提供了匹配手段;氧气氛环境未改变类金刚石膜的非晶结构,不会妨害其红外性能。提出了碳膜在含氧条件下的原子键重组模型,丰富了氧掺杂类金刚石膜的研究,为提升类金刚石膜对红外窗口的增透保护提供了理论分析和实践依据。     

介电函数及其在电子能量损失谱低能区分析的应用

一、前言:电子能量损失谱学(EELS或ELS)是研究电子激发的一次过程。一幅电子能量损失谱大致可分为三个区域:零损失区、低能损失区(5～50eV)和高能损失区(>50eV)。对各谱区进行细致的分析研究、可获得与样品化学成分或电子结构有关的信息。利用电子能量损失谱低能区研究固体的电子结构、引起物理和电子显微学界的关注。因为它不仅能提供固体的电子结构信息、还能在同一台仪器上研究固体的微区晶体结构、成分和形貌。但在电子能量损失谱5～50eV的低能区很难直接确定有关电子结构方面的信息。这是由于在该区等离子激发占主导地位、而外     

基于自适应陷波器的电子能量损失谱能量漂移的消除方法

电子能量损失谱是透射电子显微术中一种重要的分析手段,它可以帮助人们从纳米尺度上认识材料的电子结构等信息。但电子能量损失谱仪特别容易受到周围环境因素的影响,比如说固定工频干扰,而产生电子能量损失谱能量的漂移。本文结合串行快响应能谱探测器和自适应陷波器手段,提出了一种消除电子能量损失谱中能量漂移的方法,实验结果表明这种方法能够有效消除电子能量损失谱中由于固定工频干扰所造成的能量漂移。     

低能离子束形成类金刚石膜

我们用离子束沉积枝术,制造出了奇异性能的类金刚石碳膜(DLC膜)。初步测试了它的部份机械特性、光学特性、电气特性,化学特性。并且,通过扫描电子显微镜、二次离子质谱、X射线光电子谱、透射电镜、电子衍射等手段,初步确定出DLC膜属于多晶碳膜,不少微区出现金刚石晶粒。     

金刚石聚晶碳膜场发射的场增强特征研究

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积法(MPCVD),在镀金属钛的纯平陶瓷衬底上制备出一层微米量级的类球状金刚石聚晶颗粒碳膜。通过拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪分析了碳膜的成分,通过扫描电子显微镜观察了碳膜的外部形貌。最后利用场发射的二级结构装置测试了碳膜的场发射性能。讨论了金刚石聚晶碳膜的场发射机理,得出碳膜场发射性能优异的原因是金刚石聚晶碳膜表面存在强大的场增强现象。     

微衍射模式下的电子能量损失谱及石墨的价电子结构的研究

在H—800型分析电子显微镜上,将微衍射技术(μ—diff)与电子能量损失谱(EELS)结合起来,发展了一项新的实验技术:微衍射模式下的电子能量损失谱技术。并用此方法获得了石墨沿〈100〉方向上的非弹性散射电子的电子能量损失谱。其谱形表明:在7ev和26ev处各有一等离子激发峰;根据这些峰,讨论了石墨的价电子结构。     

Characterization of DLC films by EELS and electron holography

Thickness measurements of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and electron holography are discussed. In order to evaluate the thickness by EELS and electron holography, the mean free path for inelastic scattering and mean inner potential of DLC films were determined precisely, respectively. It is found that both the mean free path for inelastic electron scattering and the mean inner potential are sensitive to the preparation methods, namely the density of DLC films. The present work has demonstrated that thickness measurement by EELS is available to DLC films thicker than 20 nm, while electron holography can be applied to thinner films ( approximately 5 nm). Furthermore, close relations are observed between the density of DLC films and the energy-loss spectra.     

氮气压强对脉冲激光沉积类金刚石薄膜和红外光学特性的影响

为了研究氮气压强对脉冲激光沉积(PLD)类金刚石(DLC)薄膜和红外光学特性的影响,在脉冲激光沉积类金刚石薄膜的实验过程中,把沉积腔抽真空到10-5Pa,再在沉积腔中分别充入10-3、10-2和10-1Pa的氮气来沉积类金刚石薄膜。用拉曼光谱仪和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对类金刚石薄膜的微结构与组成进行检测分析;用原子力显微镜(AFM)对薄膜的表面形貌进行检测分析;用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对类金刚石薄膜的红外光透射谱进行检测分析。实验结果表明,沉积腔中的氮气压强从10-3Pa增加到10-1Pa时,类金刚石薄膜中sp3键含量增加;C-O和C=O含量减少;石墨晶粒尺寸减小;薄膜表面粗糙度显著增大。与此同时,氮气压强增加还导致类金刚石薄膜对红外光的增透作用减弱、增透范围变窄。     

掺N类金刚石薄膜的制备及微观结构分析

采用直流磁控溅射法,在光学玻璃衬底上沉积类金刚石(DLC)和掺N类金刚石薄膜(DLC:N)。用喇曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等研究分析了所制备薄膜的微观结构。喇曼光谱的结果表明,掺N类金刚石膜仍具有典型的类金刚石膜结构,在类金刚石薄膜中掺N不仅有助于提高膜中sp3/sp2的比例,而且还能阻止sp2键向石墨相的转化,稳定并优化薄膜的类金刚石属性。FTIR表明,薄膜中N与C原子形成了C—N、CN及C≡N等键合方式。XPS谱表明,掺N类金刚石膜中除了C和N元素外,还出现了少量的O元素,而C1s和N1s的解谱显示,掺N后的类金刚石膜中的C、N结合能发生了明显的移动,由计算得出薄膜中N的含量为13.5%。薄膜的表面形貌图(AFM)表明,在类金刚石薄膜中掺N能够改善其表面形貌。     

Optical properties of ZnO thin films grown on diamond-like carbon by pulsed laser deposition

ZnO/diamond-like carbon(DLC)thin films are deposited by pulsed laser deposition(PLD),and the room-temperature photoluminescence(PL)is investigated.Using a fluorescence spectrophotometer,we obtain the PL spectra of DLC/Si and ZnO/Si thin films deposited at different substrate temperatures.The ZnO/DLC thin films show a broadband emission almost containing the entire visible spectrum.The Gaussian fitting curves of PL spectra reveal that the visible emission of ZnO/DLC thin films consists of three peaks centered at 381 nm,526 nm and 682 nm,which are attributed to the radiative recombination of ZnO and DLC,respectively.The Commission International de l,Eclairage(CIE)1931(x,y)chromaticity space of ZnO/DLC thin films indicates that the visible PL spectrum is very close to the standard white-light region.     

超快脉冲激光沉积类金刚石膜的研究进展

综述了脉冲沉积(PLD)类金刚石膜(DLC)的优势和局限,对其局限的补偿和突破,以及脉冲沉积法的重要发展方向——超快脉冲激光沉积(Ultra-fast PLD)类金刚石膜(DLC)的研究进展。     

Visible photoluminescence from ZnO/diamond-like carbon thin films

ZnO/diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films are deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on Si (111) wafer. Visible room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) is observed from ZnO/DLC thin films by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The Gaussian curve fitting of PL spectra reveals that the broadband visible emission contains three components with λ=508 nm, 554 nm and 698 nm. The origin and possible mechanism of the visible PL are discussed, and they can be attributed to the PL recombination of ZnO and DLC thin films.     

Effects of nitrogen trifluoride on the growth and properties of plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited diamond-like carbon films

The effects of nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃) on the growth and properties of plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were investigated. The addition of NF₃ increases the deposition rate of DLC film due presumably to the removal of activated hydrogen species by the fluorine radical (F⁻). Diamond-like carbon films deposited in a methane/NF₃ mixture have a higher refractive index, a lower bulk resistivity, and a lower optical bandgap compared to films deposited in pure methane due to a lower hydrogen content in the films. Moreover, the bulk resistivity of methane/NF₃ DLC films remains constant for annealing temperatures below 400°C. Thus, DLC films deposited with NF₃ are more stable than DLC films deposited without NF₃.     

PECVD法制备类金刚石薄膜结构和表面形貌分析

以CH4为碳源,Ar气为载气,采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法(PECVD)在硅(100)衬底上制备了类金刚石(DLC)薄膜。利用拉曼(Raman)光谱仪与原子力显微镜(AFM)对其结构与表面形貌进行了表征。结果表明:所制备的DLC薄膜是含sp3和sp2混合键的非晶态碳膜,其表面均匀、光滑、致密;且随着射频功率的提高,薄膜的平均晶粒直径由8.0nm降为4.2nm,粗糙度由2.2nm减为0.9nm。     

激光沉积红外窗口高性能类金刚石膜技术

类金刚石(DLC)膜具有宽光谱高透射率、高硬度、高热传导及高稳定性等优点,是红外窗口增透保护膜的优选,但现有方法制备的类金刚石膜难以满足高马赫数或海上盐雾等恶劣条件下的应用。激光法相比其他制备方法具有诸多优点,介绍了激光法制备DLC膜的原理及特点,并分析了实现工程应用的难题及关键技术。采用激光沉积法制备出综合性能优异的类金刚石膜,纳米硬度高达44 GPa、内应力仅0.8 GPa、临界刮擦载荷附着力为59.1 mN。正面镀DLC膜,背面镀普通增透膜的硫化锌、硅、锗等红外窗口的平均透射率达82%~91%。实现了150 mm基片的激光法大尺寸均匀薄膜,膜厚不均匀性≤±2%。制备的DLC膜红外窗口通过军标环境适应性试验,并已实现工程化应用。     

Pulsed laser deposition of titanium nitride and diamond-like carbon films on polymers

We have investigated the deposition of titanium nitride (TiN) and diamond-like carbon (DLC ) films on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The TiN and diamond-like films were deposited by laser ablation (KrF excimer laser λ = 248 nm, pulse duration τ～25 × 10^?9 s, energy density ～2?15J/cm²) of TiN and graphite targets, respectively, at room temperature. These films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The TiN films were smooth and found to be polycrystalline with average grain size of 120Å. The diamond-like carbon films were amorphous with a characteristic Raman peak at 1550 cm^?1. The TiN films are highly adherent to the polymer substrates as compare to DLC films. The adhesion strength of DLC films on polymers was increased by interposing thin TiN layer (200Å) on polymers byin-situ pulsed laser deposition. The DLC films were found to be amorphous with good adhesion to TiN/PMMA substrates.