大口径孕镶复合体金刚石取芯钻探技术及其应用

随着我国综合国力的提高,在经济和技术领域都有了更高的追求,科学技术水平的发展能够为国家的发展铸就基石。深入研究科学的钻探技术是人类获取地球内部情况的最佳途径,对人类了解自己生活的环境有很大的作用。大口径孕镶复合体金刚石取芯钻探技术是钻探领域的新兴技术,对地质勘探水利工程等都有很大的帮助。文章介绍了金刚石钻探技术的发展历程,对大口径孕镶金刚石复合体的钻头设计进行探讨,并通过实例研究大口径孕镶金刚石取芯钻探技术的应用。     

探析煤矿地质勘探技术方法

煤矿地质勘探中，通常以钻探工程和坑探工程为主，辅以地球物理勘探和地球化学勘查。本文作者主要重点阐述如何综合运用多种方法进行煤矿地质勘探。     

钻探信息可视化管理论文

介绍了冀中能源股份有限公司葛泉矿地测科钻探管理现状，并根据实际工作需要提出钻探信息可视化管理的思路。该系统使用C／S体系模式开发，实现钻探管理的动态、可视化管理。     

中国石油勘探战略东移与大庆油田的发现

中国石油勘探战略东移是毛泽东、周恩来等老一辈领导人做出的重大决策，石油部、地质部积极执行，联合攻关，发现了大庆油田。李四光先生为中央决策提供了重要的咨询建议，地质部在提供区域和局部构造的地球物理和地质资料，为确定松基3井井位做出了重要贡献；石油部在综合研究地质资料确定松基3井井位，高速度、高质量地完成深井钻探、取芯、试油评价方面也做出了重大贡献。文章根据当事人写的回忆录从多方面对这一事件做出论证，并总结了这一时期找油成功的基本经验，以期能为新世纪地质找矿工作的战略转变提供借鉴。     

中国深海钻井过程天然气水合物形成可能性研究

中国的深水海域油气资源仍处在勘探开发的初期。为保持海洋油气资源的持续开发能力,海洋石油勘探开发开始向深水区域转移。在深水油气钻探过程中,节流压井管线、隔水管、防喷器及海底井口等部位在钻遇天然气层后均易聚集天然气水合物,给深水油气钻探开发安全带来不利影响。因此,研究深水钻井井筒环空水合物的生成可能性,可以提前作出合理的防治方案及措施,对深水油气安全钻探开发具有重且深远的意义。     

坑钻结合探矿方法在广西佛子冲矿的应用与探讨

使用钻探代替大部分坑探，采取坑钻结合的方式探矿。一方面降低了探矿成本，可节省成本1000多元，米；另一方面，可以加快探矿速度，钻探与坑探耗时比为1：3。     

哈山1井钻井液技术

哈山1井准噶尔盆地西部隆起乌夏断裂带哈山南缘斜坡带。该井设计井深2500.00m，实际完钻井深2554．00m。该区块上部地层水敏性强，易发生粘卡；下部地层含有大段煤层，易发生井壁垮塌；无实钻资料可供参考，钻井液施工难度很大。通过使用低固相钻井液体系，施工中采取正确的钻井液维护处理工艺，满足了钻井施工要求。哈山1井的钻探为深化研究哈山地区成藏条件及下步勘探部署提供了基础资料，为西部新区的勘探开发积累了重要经验。     

科学可视化的研究现状与发展趋势

论述了科学可视化产生的必然性与发展过程，介绍了数学可视化、大数据场可视化、可视化基础与开发环境的研究现状及发展趋势。指出：科学可视化最终将归结为数学可视化；可视化将同理论、实验、计算三种科学方法一样广泛应用于科学研究中。     

工程地质勘察技术在岩溶区的应用

本文通过广泛地收集工程资料和前人的研究资料,对这些资料进行整理、分析和研究,总结出适用于岩溶地区工程地质勘察的方法,如钻探、遥感技术、地球物理勘探、静力触探等进行了分析。     

靖边两部延长组长7、长8段油气富集规律研究

延长股份有限公司靖边采油厂自2010年以来，在靖边话部区域钻探下组合的过程中，不断发现长7、长8油层组油气姓示明显，并且部分井试油获得了较好的工业油流，充分说明研究区长7、长8具有很好的勘探开发潜力。但是由于靖边采油厂对下组合长7段、长8段开始钻探时间晚，对其油气富集规律认识不清，介于此种情况，开展靖边西部区域下组合油气富集规律研究势在必行。     

Study on failure mechanism of roadway with soft rock in deep coal mine and confined concrete support system

Surrounding rock control is a tough issue in roadway with soft rock in deep underground. To solve this problem, the original supporting scheme is monitored and analyzed on site with Liangjia coal mine of China as engineering background. Located in Longkou seashore mining area, Liangjia coal mine is a typical deep mine with soft rock in China. The analysis shows that roadway deformation is large with a big damage range; anchor bolts are generally in seriously broken surrounding rock; the support potential fails to be played; the support strength of arch is insufficient and the post bearing capacity is low. All of these mainly lead to the failure of the roadway bearing capacity. Numerical test is conducted with the consideration of arch strength, geostress, mechanical parameters of surrounding rock and other factors; it is to comparatively analyze the deformation of surrounding rock, the range of plastic zone and the mechanical properties of support components under different factors; therefore, the failure and control mechanism are defined on deep roadway with soft rock; and a concept of “high-strength, integrity, and pressure-relief” is proposed. Meanwhile, a confined concrete (CC) support system is developed; and a laboratory comparative test for full-size arch is carried out on its core component - CC arch and the conventional U36 arch as well. The research shows that the instability and failure of the entire U36 arch is caused by partially bending and buckling of the arch, and its bearing capacity is drastically reduced. The bearing capacity of CC arch is 2.03 times compared with that of U36 arch, and also has a good post bearing capacity. On the basis of these numerical and laboratory tests, a comparative test is carried out on-site. The monitoring results in the test show the rock deformation in CC support testing section is only 22.4% of that in U36 arch support; and no yield and failure phenomenon occurs in CC support test section, which proved the effectiveness of CC support system on surrounding rock control.     

深海极端环境服役材料的研究现状与研发趋势

本文阐述了国内外深海装备与材料蚀损过程与蚀损机理的研究及深海材料研发的现状;预测了深海领域特别是深海石油钻采领域装备与材料的研发趋势;指出了深海极端环境材料研发过程中的主要科学问题.     

The science-industry interface: Correlation of time series of indicators and their spectra,and growth models in the nuclear fuels industry

This paper is the third in a series on the flows of influence at the interface between geoscience research and the exploration for and mining of nuclear fuels. It deals with the application of signal processing methods to research and industry indicators, with emphasis on time and frequency domain correlations and lags, and on growth modelling of the indicators using the special and general logistic models. The findings include the following: there was a strong interchange across the science-industry interface; quantitative methods can establish the degree of correlation and the time periods in which these correlations mainly reside; also the timing of decisions to initiate exploration and research can be specified in this case. A strategy of applying quantitative methods, history of science, and periodic analyses of the state of the industry to studies of science policy is suggested by this research.     

南海东部海域石油平台现场腐蚀挂片试验研究

海洋环境的腐蚀研究对于海洋经济和开发具有重要意义。依托海洋石油平台,通过串挂式试验系统进行实海腐蚀试验,在南海东部番禺和陆丰海域各一处平台附近开展了为期1 a的试验,获得了不同钢材(AH_32,DH_32,EH_32)在3个水深层的腐蚀速率,并对所得数据加以分析。结果表明:这3种钢结构在60 m海深时的腐蚀速度最快,该研究对于海洋工程结构腐蚀防护具有指导价值。     

以用户为中心的载人潜水器交互界面设计探析

对载人潜水器交互界面各要素进行分解,探析深潜作业的任务与操作流程,指出我国载人潜水器交互界面中存在的问题。以用户为中心的角度出发,提出载人潜水器交互界面设计的研究方法,在最后进一步提出载人潜水器交互界面的设计策略。     

Parametric and non-parametric modelling of earing and hardness of deep drawn cups

Abstract

This study compares different approaches in modelling the earing phenomenon and hardness of cups in deep drawing process. The blank holder force (BHF), annealing temperature and annealing time of blanks before deep drawing process have been chosen as the three influential parameters on the earing and hardness. To obtain mathematical models for the earing and hardness of the deep drawn cups, the methodology of artificial neural networks have been used. Bayesian network, radial basis function network, Gaussian processes and multilayer perceptron are four different ANN approaches that have been used for the modelling. The research has been conducted on a cold rolled Al–Fe–Si (AA8011A) aluminium sheet. After obtaining the mathematical models describing the influence of BHF and annealing on hardness and earing, a comparison of the proposed models has been performed. A search for the optimal parameters of deep drawing process has been carried out.     

入世十年中国WTO／SPS工作初探——从实务的角度探讨如何加强WTO／SPS透明度工作

透明度是世界贸易组织的基石性原则之一，贯穿于WTO各主要协定中。入世十年来，中国高度重视SPS领域的透明度工作，认真履行义务，积极享受权利，开展透明度规则研究，学习规则、理解规则、运用规则、发展规则，为促进WTO／SPS委员会透明度执行情况的改善作出了重要的贡献。为使我国更主动地参与WTO多边贸易体制，充分享受WTO成员权利，本文在回顾我国贯彻WTO／SPS透明度原则取得的成绩的同时，着重剖析了我国在落实WTO透明度义务、行使成员权利能力和深度参与国际规则制定等方面存在的不足，并提出了加强我国WTO／SPS透明度工作的建议。     

大数据下的深度学习研究

给出了大数据和机器学习的子领域——深度学习的概念,阐述了深度学习对获取大数据中的有价值信息的重要作用。描述了大数据下利用图像处理单元(GPU)进行并行运算的深度学习框架,对其中的大规模卷积神经网络(CNN)、大规模深度置信网络(DBN)和大规模递归神经网络(RNN)进行了重点论述。分析了大数据的容量、多样性、速率特征,介绍了大规模数据、多样性数据、高速率数据下的深度学习方法。展望了大数据背景下深度学习的发展前景,指出在不远的将来,大数据与深度学习融合的技术将会在计算机视觉、机器智能等多个领域获得突破性进展。     

WDBM: Weighted Deep Forest Model Based Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method

In the research field of bearing fault diagnosis, classical deep learning models have the problems of too many parameters and high computing cost. In addition, the classical deep learning models are not effective in the scenario of small data. In recent years, deep forest is proposed, which has less hyper parameters and adaptive depth of deep model. In addition, weighted deep forest (WDF) is proposed to further improve deep forest by assigning weights for decisions trees based on the accuracy of each decision tree. In this paper, weighted deep forest model-based bearing fault diagnosis method (WDBM) is proposed. The WDBM is regard as a novel bearing fault diagnosis method, which not only inherits the WDF’s advantages-strong robustness, good generalization, less parameters, faster convergence speed and so on, but also realizes effective diagnosis with high precision and low cost under the condition of small samples. To verify the performance of the WDBM, experiments are carried out on Case Western Reserve University bearing data set (CWRU). Experiments results demonstrate that WDBM can achieve comparative recognition accuracy, with less computational overhead and faster convergence speed.     

中国载人航天“飞船起步"的战略思考

对我国载人航天的概念研究、技术途径论证,以及中国载人航天发展的战略思考和“飞船起步"的决策过程进行了分析与小结,提出了我国发展现代宏大工程应站在国家发展的全局上进行深层次的战略思考。