共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
采用P对NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3硫化物催化剂进行改性,研究P与金属组分浸渍次序对催化剂结构和硫醚化性能的影响。结果表明,P改性通过抑制金属组分与γ-Al 2O 3间相互作用促进金属组分硫化、增加催化剂表面金属位数量,同时P改性也提高了催化剂表面酸量。P改性前后硫化物催化剂中均形成了Ni 3S 2物相,但未检测到MoS 2物相。先浸渍及后浸渍P组分均提高了催化剂硫醚化性能;P物种和金属组分共浸渍制备催化剂利于异戊二烯选择加氢生成异戊烯。此外,P改性催化剂酸量增加促进了烯烃聚合。总体而言,先浸渍Ni-Mo组分后浸渍P组分所制备的硫化物催化剂性能较佳。 相似文献
2.
采用改进溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO_2-Al_2O_3作复合载体,制备不同柠檬酸引入方式改性的CoMo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3加氢脱硫催化剂。利用低温N_2吸附-脱附、XRD、SEM和H_2-TPR等对催化剂进行表征,并采用固定床反应器对催化剂加氢脱硫性能进行评价。结果表明,后处理法制备的催化剂比表面积相对较大,孔道结构较好,活性金属组分以无定形形态均匀分散在载体表面,一定程度上减弱了其与载体间的相互作用;该催化剂可以延缓Co硫化,并且络合生成较多易于硫化还原的Mo物种,利于MoS_2在催化剂表面的堆叠,生成更多的Co-Mo-S(Ⅱ)活性相,因而相应的CoMo催化剂对噻吩加氢脱硫转化率显著提高。 相似文献
3.
以氧化铝为载体,Ni和Mo为金属活性组分,添加不同含量乙二胺四乙酸,采用等体积浸渍法制备系列Ni Mo(x)/Al_2O_3(x为乙二胺四乙酸与Ni物质的量比)重质油加氢处理催化剂,考察乙二胺四乙酸加入量对催化剂加氢脱氮性能的影响,并采用N_2物理吸附-脱附、XRD和HRTEM等对催化剂进行表征。结果表明,乙二胺四乙酸的加入增强了金属组分与氧化铝载体间的相互作用,降低了MoS_2活性相的堆垛层数和片层长度,促进了活性相的分散。乙二胺四乙酸与Ni物质的量比为0.5时,MoS_2活性相堆垛层数和片层长度达到良好的结合,对应的催化剂Ni Mo(0.5)/Al_2O_3具有最优的加氢脱氮性能。 相似文献
4.
Hydrotreating of Maya heavy crude oil over high specific surface area CoMo/TiO 2–Al 2O 3 oxide supported catalysts was studied in an integral reactor close to industrial practice. Activity studies were carried out with Maya crude hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodemetallization (HDM), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and hydrodeasphaltenization (HDAs) reactions. The effect of support composition, the method of TiO 2 incorporation, and the catalyst deactivation are examined. Supported catalysts are characterized by BET specific surface area (SSA), pore volume (PV), pore size distribution (PSD), and atomic absorption. It has been found that sulfided catalysts showed a wide range of activity variation with TiO 2 incorporation into the alumina, which confirmed that molybdenum sulfided active phases strongly depend on the nature of support. The pore diameter and nature of the active site for HDS, HDM, HDN, and HDAs account for the influence of the large reactant molecules restricted diffusion into the pore, and/or the decrease in the number of active sites due to the MoS 2 phases buried with time-on-stream. The textural properties and hysteresis loop area of supported and spent catalysts indicated that catalysts were deactivated at the pore mouth due to the metal and carbon depositions. The atomic absorption results agreed well regarding the textural properties of spent catalysts. Thus, incorporation of TiO 2 with γ-Al 2O 3 alters the nature of active metal interaction with support, which may facilitate the dispersion of active phases on the support surface. Therefore, the TiO 2 counterpart plays a promoting role to HDS activity due to the favorable morphology of MoS 2 phases and metal support interaction. 相似文献
5.
Ni/Al 2O 3 catalyst modified by small amounts of Mo show unusual properties in the steam reforming of hydrocarbons. There are no data about the effect of small amounts of molybdenum on reduction of the Ni-Mo supported catalysts. The properties of these very complex systems depend on the conditions of successive preparation stages (calcination, reduction) or the process conditions. A series of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts modified by Mo were prepared in order to investigate the influence of promoter amounts and preparation sequence on their properties. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) has been employed to study the reducibility of Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts. Catalysts were further characterized by BET area, H2 chemisorption and X-ray diffraction measurements. The TPR curves of Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts are very complex. Mo addition leads to the decrease of catalysts reducibility. However, complete reduction of NiO and MoO3 can be achieved at 800 °C. The reduction course depends on the sequence of nickel and molybdenum addition into the support. Precise measurements of Ni peaks positions in the XRD pattern of Ni/Al2O3 and Ni-Mo/Al2O3 samples show the possibility of Ni-Mo solid solution formation. 相似文献
6.
以UiO-66(Zr)、MIL-100(Fe)、MIL-100(Cr)、MIL-101(Cr)、NH 2-MIL-101(Al)为载体,Au为活性组分,制备Au/UiO-66(Zr)、Au/MIL-100(Fe)、Au/MIL-100(Cr)、Au/MIL-101(Cr)、Au/NH 2-MIL-101(Al)双功能催化剂。采用XRD、BET、NH 3-TPD、HRTEM等表征催化剂的结构,在釜式反应器中评价催化剂对CO 2与苯胺/H 2反应生成N-甲基苯胺与N,N-二甲基苯胺的N-甲基化反应性能,考察反应条件对催化剂催化性能的影响。结果表明,催化剂的XRD特征衍射峰与相应MOFs的模拟特征峰基本一致;负载Au后催化剂仍具有高的比表面积和大的孔容、孔径;不同MOFs负载Au的催化剂具有不同的酸强度和酸量;Au纳米粒子的分散性很好,粒径为(3~7)nm。制备的催化剂均具有催化CO2与苯胺/H2的N-甲基化反应性能,其中质量分数2%Au/MIL-101(Cr)催化剂催化性能最好,苯胺转化率为45.26%,N-甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基苯胺选择性分别为73.50%和26.50%,重复使用性能优异。 相似文献
7.
采用SSY型分子筛、不同硅铝比Beta分子筛与大孔氢氧化铝干胶混捏制备SSY-Beta-Al_2O_3载体,等体积浸渍法制备Ni-W/SSY-Beta-Al_2O_3加氢转化催化剂,采用BET、Py-IR、XRD、NH_3-TPD对制备的催化剂及载体进行表征。在100 mL固定床加氢装置上,工业Ni-Mo型柴油加氢精制催化剂与Ni-W/SSY-Beta-Al_2O_3加氢转化催化剂级配装填,以劣质催化裂化柴油为原料,对加氢转化催化剂进行活性评价。结果表明,随着Beta分子筛硅铝比的增加,催化剂表面的L酸中心先减少后增多,B酸中心先增加后减少,催化剂的弱酸酸量先增多后减少,中强酸与强酸酸量变化不明显。在氢油体积比700∶1、反应压力8.0 MPa、精制段反应温度360℃,体积空速1.25 h^(-1),转化段反应温度400℃,体积空速1.35 h^(-1)的条件下,CYB-3催化剂加氢转化产品液相收率高达97.73%,汽油馏分收率63.72%,辛烷值91.66,柴油馏分收率33.69%,十六烷值比原料提高8.96,凝点小于-35℃。 相似文献
8.
采用微波辅助浸渍法、微波管式焙烧制备了Ni-W-P/γ-Al 2O 3催化剂,并以中低温煤焦油轻油为原料,在固定床反应器装置上评价了催化剂的加氢活性。通过N 2吸附-脱附、GC-MS等方法对催化剂的物化性能及加氢产物油进行表征,并根据FHH模型,计算出催化剂的表面分形维数。结果表明,添加助剂P可调节催化剂的微观孔结构,改变催化剂的酸性分布与强度,并有助于加氢饱和反应的进行;当助剂P含量为0.9%时,催化剂的加氢脱硫、脱氮活性最高,加氢饱和性能最好;焙烧温度直接影响催化剂物性参数,当温度为500 ℃时,加氢活性最高、加氢产物品质最佳;微波焙烧相比常规制备方法,可增加晶粒烧结程度,形成更多三维孔隙结构,为加氢反应提供更大的表面和空间,且增加中等强度酸的酸量,更有助于表面活性组分的分散及硫化性的增强。 相似文献
9.
Ammonium oxalate complex of niobium was investigated as an aqueous precursor for the preparation of x% Nb 2O 5/Al 2O 3 ( x=5, 10, 20 and 30 wt.%) samples. Catalysts with the same Nb 2O 5 contents were also prepared from the traditional niobium oxalate/oxalic acid aqueous solution. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), infrared spectroscopy of chemisorbed pyridine and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comparison with the preparation method using the niobium oxalate salt was performed. The results showed that the niobium precursor influence the species growing leading to phases with different reducibility. The XPS revealed the presence of multilayers of niobium oxide on the Nb 2O 5/Al 2O 3 samples prepared by using niobium ammonium oxalate complex, while the ones obtained from niobium oxalate led to Nb 2O 5 particles islands. The addition of niobium oxide decreased the fraction of Lewis acid sites and increased the fraction of Brønsted acid sites, independent of the precursor salt. However, the creation of BAS was more pronounced on the Nb 2O 5/Al 2O 3 samples prepared from niobium oxalate. 相似文献
10.
采用溶胶-凝胶法以铜、锌、锆硝酸盐和柠檬酸为原料,改变柠檬酸用量,制备出一系列Cu-ZnO-ZrO 2催化剂。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、热重分析仪(TG-DTG-DTA)、H 2程序升温还原(H 2-TPR)、CO 2程序升温脱附(CO 2-TPD)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)及BET比表面积等表征手段对干凝胶及催化剂理化性能进行测试,并在催化反应活性评价装置上对催化剂的CO 2加氢合成甲醇反应活性进行评价,研究凝胶过程中Cu 2+、Zn 2+、Zr 4+与柠檬酸结合方式对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明:改变柠檬酸用量可调控Cu 2+、Zn 2+、Zr 4+与羧酸的配位方式,配位能力较强的Cu 2+、Zn 2+在凝胶制备过程中参与三维网络的构筑,而配位能力相对较弱的Zr 4+游离于三维网络之外,从而差异化地调控催化剂中活性组分CuO、ZnO、ZrO 2晶粒尺寸大小。当柠檬酸的摩尔量为金属离子摩尔量的1.5倍时,催化剂中的活性成分CuO、ZnO、ZrO 2晶粒尺寸相互匹配,表现出较好的CO 2加氢合成甲醇催化性能。 相似文献
11.
A series of phosphorus promoted γ-Al 2O 3 supported NiMo carbide catalysts with 0–4.5 wt.% P, 13 wt.% Mo and 2.5 wt.% Ni were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, pulsed CO chemisorption, BET surface area measurement, X-ray diffraction, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, DRIFT spectroscopy of CO adsorption and H 2 temperature programmed reduction. X-ray diffraction patterns and CO uptake showed the P addition to NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide, increased the dispersion of β-Mo 2C particles. DRIFT spectra of adsorbed CO revealed that P addition to NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide catalyst not only increases the dispersion of Ni-Mo carbide phase, but also changes the nature of surface active sites. The hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activities of these P promoted NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide catalysts were performed in trickle bed reactor using light gas oil (LGO) derived from Athabasca bitumen and model feed containing quinoline and dibenzothiophene at industrial conditions. The P added NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide catalysts showed enhanced HDN activity compared to the NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 catalysts with both the feed stocks. The P had almost no influence on the HDS activity of NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide with LGO and dibenzothiophene. P addition to NiMo/γ-Al 2O 3 carbide accelerated CN bond breaking and thus increased the HDN activity. 相似文献
12.
采用沉淀-浸渍法合成一系列Ni-Mo基双金属催化剂,在固定床反应器中对其催化活性和耐硫性能进行评价,并辅以不同的表征手段阐释其作用机理。实验结果表明,以MCM-41分子筛为载体的催化剂活性和稳定性优于以NaY、γ-Al 2O 3和拟薄水铝石(PB)为载体的催化剂;反应前后催化剂的表征结果则说明Ni-Mo分子间适宜的相互作用是决定催化剂性能的关键。MCM-41载体催化剂中适宜的Ni-Mo分子间相互作用使得此催化剂中活性组分与载体间的相互作用适中,还原后的活性金属Ni能够均匀分散在载体表面,从而提高了催化剂的耐硫稳定性和抗积炭能力。不同Ni-Mo比同样会影响Ni-Mo分子间的相互作用,通过考察确定20Ni-10Mo/MCM-41的活性和稳定性最优。 相似文献
13.
以不同孔道结构Al_2O_3作载体,甲醇、乙醇和柠檬酸作分散剂,通过等体积浸渍法制备系列Co/Al_2O_3费托合成催化剂。采用XRD、TG-DSC和H2-TPR等考察制备方法对催化剂结构的影响,并在固定床反应器中对催化剂进行性能评价。结果表明,采用具有适宜孔道结构Al_2O_3作载体才能获得综合性能较好的催化剂,3种分散剂的加入,促进了钴物种在载体上的分散,增强了钴与载体间的相互作用,改善了催化剂费托合成反应活性,显著提高了重质烃时空收率。 相似文献
14.
Al 2O 3–SiO 2 mixed oxide has been investigated as a support for hydrotreating catalyst with variation of its composition [Si/(Si + Al) = 0.06, 0.12, 0.31, 0.56, 0.78] and its interaction with the surface active metals (NiMo). The composition of support and surface species (NiMo) of catalysts were characterized by specific surface area, atomic absorption, SEM-EDX, XRD, temperature programmed reduction (TPR), Raman analysis, scanning electron microscopy (STEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Incorporation of SiO 2 in Al 2O 3 promotes a weak interaction between the active phases and particularly catalyst that predominated with SiO 2 content. The oxide and sulfided catalysts characterization indicated that the effect of support is responsible to form different catalytic sites. Crystallization of MoO 3 phases and a relatively longer crystal of MoS 2 in the sulfided catalyst were attributed to an increasing SiO 2 content in the support. The catalytic behavior of the NiMo supported catalysts is explained in terms of structural changes on the surface due to the support and active metal interactions. The activity of the different catalysts evaluated in the thiophene hydrodesulfurization reaction was higher for the catalyst having lower SiO 2 content in the support. 相似文献
15.
A series of Co/Al 2O 3 catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method using γ-Al 2O 3 support and (CH 3COO) 2Co·4H 2O solutions, followed by calcination at 500–800 °C. Characterization of catalysts was accomplished by several techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), physisorption of nitrogen, mercury and helium-based pycnometries, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and pH of zero charge (PZC). Impregnation of support produced a moderate decrease of its surface area and pore volume and also led to minor changes of its PZC. Depending on preparation conditions (i.e., calcination atmosphere and temperature and metal loading), one or more of the following Co-containing compounds were identified: CoO, Co 3O 4 and CoAl 2O 4. The support and prepared Co/Al 2O 3 catalysts were tested to catalyze the ozonation of aqueous pyruvic acid at pH 2.5. Pyruvic acid was shown refractory towards single ozonation but the use of γ-Al 2O 3 and Co/Al 2O 3 catalysts resulted in 56–96% pyruvic acid conversion and 41–78% decrease in DOC after 2 h of ozonation of phosphate-buffered solutions. In the absence of the buffer, conversion rate was enhanced likely as a result of pH increase during the course of the process thus giving rise to the indirect way of ozonation through hydroxyl radicals. Acetic acid was found as the main by-product of pyruvic acid ozonation. Depending on the catalyst used, yield of acetic acid varied from 32 to 49%, values noticeably lower that that obtained from the control non-catalytic ozonation experiment (73%). Differences in catalytic activity amongst the various Co/Al 2O 3 catalysts investigated were attributed to the different Co active phases deposited on the γ-Al 2O 3 surface. The following sequence of increasing activity can be inferred from experimental results: CoO, CoAl 2O 4 and Co 3O 4. All the Co/Al 2O 3 catalysts prepared showed good stability as the percentage of cobalt leached out was rather low. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, Co 3O 4/CeO 2 catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) were prepared by co-precipitation and impregnation methods. The catalysts prepared by co-precipitation were very active and selective for SRE. Over 10%Co 3O 4/CeO 2 catalyst, ethanol conversion was close to 100% and hydrogen selectivity was about 70% at 450 °C. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and BET surface area measurements. The preparation method influenced the interaction between cobalt and CeO 2 evidently. The incorporation of Co ions into CeO 2 crystal lattice resulted in weaker interaction between cobalt and ceria on catalyst surface. In comparison with catalysts prepared by impregnation, more cobalt ions entered into CeO 2 lattice, and resulted in weaker interaction between active phase and ceria on surface of Co 3O 4/CeO 2 prepared by co-precipitation. Thus, cobalt oxides was easier to be reduced to metal cobalt which was the key active component for SRE. Meanwhile, the incorporation of Co ions into CeO 2 crystal lattice was beneficial for resistance to carbon deposition. 相似文献
17.
采用共沉淀法制备了Ce xZr 1-xO 2固溶体作为催化剂载体,采用柠檬酸络合法将镍负载于Ce xZr 1-xO 2载体上得到Ni/Ce xZr 1-xO 2催化剂,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、N 2吸附-脱附(N 2-BET)、程序升温脱附(TPD)、程序升温还原(TPR)等技术对催化剂进行表征,在常压微型固定床反应器上测试了CO 2甲烷化的性能,考察了n(Ce)/n(Zr)、镍含量对催化性能的影响。研究发现制备的催化剂具有优异的活性,在常压和空速15 000 mL·g -1·h -1条件下,反应温度200℃时,12% Ni/Ce 0.25Zr 0.75O 2催化剂(负载量为质量分数,下同)CO 2的转化率达74%,CH 4选择性为100%。12% Ni/Ce 0.25Zr 0.75O 2催化剂300 h的稳定性测试结果显示其具有较高的抗烧结性能。催化剂的优异活性归因于采用了新的负载方法--柠檬酸络合法负载活性组分镍,该法实现了镍的高分散和催化剂的大的比表面积。 相似文献
18.
The catalytic properties of various supported and unsupported vanadium oxide based catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x with NH 3 (SCR) are investigated. It is concluded, that in order to achieve good selectivity in the SCR, the number of active sites favouring SCR has to be increased at the cost of sites favouring ammonia oxidation. This can be achieved by the application of the active vanadium oxide onto a suitable support. A specific catalyst preparation procedure is described which enables the application of vanadium oxide onto TiO 2-adlayered silica. The thus prepared catalyst is shown to exhibit the desired properties, that is, a high selectivity and good activity in the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x with NH 3. 相似文献
19.
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO 2-Al 2O 3复合载体, 以柠檬酸(CA)为络合剂采用浸渍法制备了Ni 2P负载的TiO 2-Al 2O 3复合载体催化剂, 并用 X 射线衍射(XRD)、N 2吸附比表面积(BET)测定技术对催化剂的结构和性质进行了表征, 考察了载体焙烧温度、催化剂焙烧温度、还原温度、还原压力对其进行的二苯并噻吩(DBT)加氢脱硫(HDS)性能的影响。结果表明, 升高载体焙烧温度有利于催化剂表面上活性物种的分散, 但焙烧温度过高会导致催化剂烧结, 适宜的载体焙烧温度为550℃。当还原温度为500~550℃时, 磷化镍主要以Ni 12P 5相形式存在, 且随着还原温度的升高, Ni 12P 5的衍射峰强度逐渐增强, 还原温度为700℃时, 可得到单一的Ni 2P物相。载体焙烧温度为550℃, 催化剂焙烧温度为500℃, 还原温度为700℃, 常压还原制备的Ni 2P/TiO 2-Al 2O 3催化剂具有最好的活性。在360℃、3.0MPa、氢油体积比500、液时体积空速2.0h -1的条件下, 反应4h时, DBT转化率为99.5 %。 相似文献
20.
Micro-channel plates with dimension of 1 mm × 0.3 mm × 48 mm were prepared by chemical etching of stainless steel plates followed by wash coating of CeO 2 and Al 2O 3 on the channels. After coating the support on the plate, Pt, Co, and Cu were added to the plate by incipient wetness method. Reaction experiments of a single reactor showed that the micro-channel reactor coated with CuO/CeO 2 catalyst was highly selective for CO oxidation while the one coated with Pt-Co/Al 2O 3 catalyst was highly active for CO oxidation. The 7-layered reactors coated with two different catalysts were prepared by laser welding and the performances of each reactor were tested in large scale of PROX conditions. The multi-layered reactor coated with Pt-Co/Al 2O 3 catalyst was highly active for PROX and the outlet concentration of CO gradually increased with the O 2/CO ratio due to the oxidation of H 2 which maintained the reactor temperature. The multi-layered reactor coated with CuO/CeO 2 showed lower catalytic activity than that coated with Pt catalyst, but its selectivity was not changed with the increase of O 2/CO ratios due to the high selectivity. In order to combine advantages (high activity and high selectivity) of the two individual catalysts (Pt-Co/Al 2O 3, CuO/CeO 2), a serial reactor was prepared by connecting the two multi-layered micro-channel reactors with different catalysts. The prepared serial reactor exhibited excellent performance for PROX. 相似文献
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