碱激发矿渣混凝土的补偿收缩性能试验研究

以硫铝酸钙-氧化钙类膨胀剂(EA)作为掺合料,通过改变EA的掺量(0%,2%,4%,6%和8%),采用自制收缩架对自由条件下和半密封约束条件下的碱激发矿渣混凝土的收缩性能进行测试.在此基础上,对EA分别与水,NaOH溶液及水玻璃溶液反应净浆及不同EA掺量碱激发矿渣净浆进行微观分析.收缩性能测试结果显示:两种不同养护制度条件下的试件掺入EA后干缩量均有所降低,且降低程度随EA掺量的增加而增大.当EA掺量达8%时,自由条件养护下的试件补偿收缩量约为3.0×10-4με,而半密封约束条件下的试件补偿收缩量可达4.0×10-4με.表明:该类EA对碱激发矿渣混凝土具有较好的补偿收缩性能,且在半密封约束条件下补偿收缩效果更为显著.微观分析显示:EA分别与水,NaOH溶液及水玻璃溶液反应净浆中均检出钙矾石与氢氧化钙两种水化产物,但在掺EA碱激发矿渣净浆中仅检出氢氧化钙一种水化产物.表明:EA在碱激发矿渣混凝土中起到补偿收缩作用的主要是水化产物氢氧化钙.     

碱矿渣水泥化学收缩研究

研究了矿渣的种类、细度以及碱组分种类、碱溶液浓度等对碱矿渣水泥化学收缩的影响.结果表明,当碱组分为NaOH时,碱矿渣水泥28d龄期的化学收缩约为6～10ml/100g,与硅酸盐水泥(7～9ml/100g)的相当;当碱组分为水玻璃时,其收缩量约为3～6ml/100g,比硅酸盐水泥的小.     

高吸水性树脂对碱激发矿渣收缩与开裂性能的影响

碱激发矿渣收缩大、易开裂严重制约其工程应用.本研究基于高吸水性树脂(SAP)吸水-释水的性能特点,通过在碱激发矿渣加入适量SAP,研究了SAP对碱激发矿渣砂浆干燥收缩及干燥开裂行为的影响.研究结果表明:SAP通过释放吸收的水分降低砂浆硬化体毛细孔收缩压力,显著降低了碱激发矿渣砂浆的早期干燥收缩率;掺入的SAP失水后具有造孔功能,使得碱激发矿渣砂浆硬化体内大孔含量增多,降低毛细孔收缩压的同时缓解了毛细孔收缩应力,能有效降低碱激发矿渣砂浆的干燥收缩开裂风险.     

高强度碱矿渣水泥

本文研制了低水灰比高强度碱矿渣水泥。抗压强度高达350MPa以上。分析了工艺条件对水泥性能的影响以及强度与水化程度,孔隙率、孔分布的关系。比较了碱矿渣水泥和波特兰水泥的界面性能和耐蚀性。并对碱矿渣水泥的水化产物进行了x-射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析、差热分析、扫描电镜观察及能谱分析。     

固体碱激发制备#525碱矿渣水泥的研究

研究表明将矿渣、固体碱性激发剂、外加剂三种原料按一定配比混合入磨进行粉磨,制备得到的碱矿渣水泥28d强度达到60MPa以上,凝结时间正常;这种碱矿渣水泥生产成本低、性能优良,是一种具有发展前景的新型水泥.     

固体碱激发制备525号碱矿渣水泥的研究

研究了采用固体碱激发制备碱矿渣水泥的方法,途径。研究表明,将矿渣,固体碱性激发剂,外加剂三种原料按一定配比配合入磨进行粉磨,制备得到的碱矿渣水泥２８ｄ强度达到６０ＭＰａ以上,凝结时间正常;这种碱矿渣水泥生产成本低,性能优良,是一种具有发展前景的新型水泥。     

玻璃纤维增强水泥基材料收缩性能研究

主要研究了胶凝材料组成及纤维掺量对玻璃纤维增强水泥(Glass fiber reinforced cement,GRC)的干燥收缩和自收缩性能的影响.通过等温量热仪、X射线衍射仪对不同类型的胶凝材料的早期水化放热及不同龄期的水化产物进行表征和分析,探讨了胶凝材料组成对GRC材料收缩性能的作用机理.试验结果表明:采用硫铝酸盐水泥制备的GRC材料其长期干燥收缩及自收缩最小,采用硅酸盐水泥制备的GRC材料干燥收缩及自收缩均较大,而掺入粉煤灰、硅灰等矿物掺和料可有效的降低GRC材料的干燥收缩和自收缩.同时,总体来看玻璃纤维掺量对GRC材料的收缩性能的影响相对较小,但适当掺量的玻璃纤维可一定程度上降低GRC材料的干燥收缩及自收缩.     

硬脂酸钙对粉煤灰-矿渣基碱激发发泡材料的性能探究

以循环流化床粉煤灰及高炉矿渣为主要原材料,在发泡剂掺量占固废原料为5％的情况下,通过改变稳泡剂掺量,制备一系列碱激发发泡材料.并探究硬脂酸钙掺量变化对于碱激发发泡材料体系宏观力学性能,孔径分布及微观形貌的影响.研究表明,硬脂酸钙的掺入,大大提高了浆体内气泡的稳定性,但掺量超过1.25％时,浆体黏度大大提升,工作性能变差,气泡分布不均匀,强度明显降低.     

碱矿渣水泥的结构与性能研究

本文主要研究了激发剂对碱矿渣水泥强度、硬化碱矿渣水泥浆体的孔结构及其水化程度的影响。结果表明：固体硅酸钠是一种性能良好的激发剂，当其掺量为3％时，碱矿渣水泥28天抗压强度达55．6MPa；同时，硬化碱矿渣水泥浆体具有致密的结构，孔隙率仅为17．5％，有利于提高其耐久性；另外，该水泥的早期水化程度较高，后期增长缓慢，有利于长期强度的发展。     

碱矿渣水泥的收缩与开裂特性及其减缩与增韧

碱矿渣水泥是具有高强、高耐久性的胶凝材料,但其收缩大,易开裂,是阻碍其广泛应用的主要原因。通过与通用硅酸盐水泥对比,综合评述碱矿渣水泥的收缩与开裂特点及碱矿渣水泥的减缩与增韧的研究现状与存在问题,分析碱矿渣水泥收缩大,易开裂的主要原因,提出了通过掺入膨胀剂、纤维、矿物颗粒和喷洒减缩剂对碱矿渣水泥进行减缩与增韧的建议。     

32.5级碱矿渣水泥的研制

以粒化高炉矿渣为主要成分,采用无机钠盐和有机胺盐复合激发剂、硫铝酸盐复合调凝剂,研制出32.5级碱矿渣水泥。通过正交试验确定了该水泥的基本配方,并试验验证了该配方的稳定性。介绍了该水泥的工程应用情况,并分析了其生产成本。     

消石灰、无水石膏与石灰石粉对矿渣水泥性能的影响

通过掺加消石灰、无水石膏和石灰石粉提高矿渣水泥的早期强度、干缩等性能。研究结果表明：消石灰、无水石膏及石灰石粉可加速矿渣水化进程,并使水泥浆体密实度提高,最终体现为矿渣水泥早期抗压强度大幅度提高。复合掺加消石灰、无水石膏和石灰石粉的矿渣水泥水化早期的干缩率小于普通硅酸盐水泥,水化后期矿渣水泥的干缩率稍大于普通硅酸盐水泥,但大大小于未掺激发剂的矿渣水泥。     

Influence of nucleation seeding on the hydration kinetics and compressive strength of alkali activated slag paste

Addition of pure calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) to alkali-activated slag (AAS) paste resulted in an earlier and larger hydration rate peak measured with isothermal calorimetry and a much higher compressive strength after 1 d of curing. This is attributed to a nucleation seeding effect, as was previously established for Portland cement and tricalcium silicate pastes. The acceleration of AAS hydration by seeding indicates that the early hydration rate is controlled by nucleation and growth. For the experiments reported here, the effect of C–S–H seed on the strength development of AAS paste between 1 d and 14 d of curing depended strongly on the curing method. With sealed curing the strength continued to increase, but with underwater curing the strength decreased due to cracking. This cracking is attributed to differential stresses arising from chemical and autogenous shrinkage. Similar experiments were also performed on Portland cement paste.     

Ceramic membrane synthesis based on alkali activated blast furnace slag for separation of water from ethanol

The main purpose of this research is synthesis of zeolite ceramic membranes based on alkali activated blast furnace slag for pervaporation separation of ethanol/water mixture (90 wt%). A new and simple method was applied to fabricate these ceramic membranes. In addition, gross waste of steel industry (blast furnace slag) was firstly used as the main starting material for making the membranes. In this study, for making the zeolite ceramic membranes, some experiments were conducted with water levels of 38, 40, 42 and 44 wt% of the blast furnace slag and NaOH levels of 4, 4.2, 4.4 and 4.6 wt% of the blast furnace slag. At first, for making the membranes, a primary geopolymer gel was prepared. Afterward the membranes were cast at 25 °C for 24 h. In order to form the zeolite layer, the membranes after geopolymerization process were kept at 90 °C for 24 h. The maximum value of selectivity (2579.48) was obtained for separation of water from ethanol using the synthesized membrane with 42 wt% water and 4 wt% NaOH.     

赤泥-碱矿渣水泥及其制品的研究

本文研究了不同碱激发剂对碱矿渣水泥强度的影响,确定了以硅酸钠和石膏作为复合激发剂,且掺量分别为3%和5%时碱矿渣水泥的强度最高,并分析了激发剂的作用机理。同时研究了赤泥对碱矿渣水泥强度的影响,并研究了利用赤泥-碱矿渣水泥作为基本胶凝材料制造的免烧砖和轻质墙体材料的性能。     

利用固体激发剂生产^#525碱矿渣水泥

本文阐述了碱矿渣水泥的应用前景及国内碱矿渣水泥研究中存在的问题，介绍了利用固体激发剂生产碱矿渣水泥的研究结果，找出了在试验条件下利用固体激发剂生产碱矿渣水泥的最佳参数，测试了所得碱矿渣水泥性能，初步探索了碱矿渣水泥性能优异的原因。碱矿渣水泥生产能耗低、生产成本低、性能优良，有可能成为一种有发展前途的新型水泥。     

Autogenous and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag mortars

Shrinkage of alkali-activated slag (AAS) cement is a critical issue for its industrial application. This study investigated the mechanisms and effectiveness of shrinkage-reducing agent (SRA) and magnesia expansive agent on reducing autogenous and drying shrinkage of AAS mortars that were activated by liquid sodium silicate (LSS) solution with modulus (SiO₂/Na₂O molar ratio) of 0-1.5. The results showed that the autogenous shrinkage of AAS mortars increased with the increase of LSS modulus from 0 to 0.5, then decreased as modulus increased up to 1.5. The drying shrinkage consistently increased with the increase in the modulus of LSS. The oxyalkylene alcohol-based SRA could significantly reduce the autogenous and drying shrinkage of AAS mortars while the magnesia expensive agent was comparatively less effective. The autogenous shrinkage of AAS mortars was inversely proportional to the internal relative humidity, while the drying shrinkage was more related to the mass loss of samples. Mathematical models were established to describe the autogenous and drying shrinkage behavior of AAS mortars.     

水泥基体参数对水泥砂浆干缩性能的影响

采用干缩实验研究水灰比、灰砂比、水泥细度等水泥基体参数对水泥浆干缩性能的影响。结果表明,水灰比在0.35～0.60时,砂浆的干缩率随水灰比增大而增大;其它条件不变时,砂浆的干缩率随胶砂比增大而明显增大,随水泥细度提高而增大;高标号水泥的干缩率大于低标号水泥,水泥标号相同时,P.II>P.F>P.S;矿渣微粉比粉煤灰更适用于生产高性能水泥和高性能混凝土;减缩剂能明显减小水泥砂浆的干缩率。     

Using calcium carbide residue to prepare ecological alkali activated slag composites: Effect of anion type

Activator is a critical component of alkali activated materials. In the present work, a by-product calcium carbide residue is used to prepare mixed alkali activators combined with sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, and the properties of alkali activated slag (AAS) pastes versus different activators have been analyzed. The results of the investigation show that the mixed alkali activators with two sodium salts represent different characteristics but better performance compared to single sodium hydroxide. The addition of mixed activators can effectively relieve the rapid hardening and concentrated exotherm of hydration. Meanwhile, mixed activators substituting sodium hydroxide properly enhance the mechanical properties of AAS paste, and change the type and content of hydration products slightly. Further, the SEM testing result indicates that the early shrinkage and calcium-losing are overcome by using mixed alkali activators. These testing results prove the economy, environment, and practicability of mixed alkali activator developed by calcium carbide residue.     

碱矿渣赤泥水泥

利用一种复合高效固体碱性能激发剂激发矿渣和赤泥,成功地研制出具有优良性能的碱矿渣赤泥水泥。当水泥中矿渣与赤泥之比为７０：３０、固体碱性激发剂的掺加量为１４％时,该水泥具有正常的凝结时间、良好的体积安定性和高的强度;初凝６２ｍｉｎ,凝凝９５ｍｉｎ,对抗矿渣赤泥水泥其它工程性能的研究还表明,该水泥具有优于同标号硅酸盐水泥的抗干综性能,抗碳化,耐冻融,和抗化学侵蚀性能。