基于相似度动态修正的冲突证据组合方法

针对信息融合中冲突证据组合时易出现的一般冲突、一票否决和鲁棒性等常见问题,有两类改进策略:一类修改DS(Dempster-Shafer)组合规则,另一类修改证据源模型.提出一种基于封闭世界的修改模型方法.引入Jousselme距离函数来量化焦元属性及证据之间的相互关联性,进而计算各证据的支持度.对证据支持度进行加权平均后得到参考证据,利用该参考证据对各原始证据进行不确定性判定,获得各原始证据与参考证据之间的大小相似度和方向相似度.在此基础上建立一个相似度动态修正模型,利用DS组合规则进行证据组合,对动态修正模型的多组组合结果求平均作为最终结果.通过仿真实验验证所提出方法的有效性和合理性.     

基于有向地形表面特征的尺度不变性地形匹配

针对条带地形的地形匹配定位,提出了航带地形的有向地形表面特征描述及匹配方法。在航带的一维方向上检测极值点,同时利用区域中心的极值点及其地形表面的切线作为参考,利用地形极值点相对于参考点和参考线的相对位置关系构造地形的具有不变性的特征,基于特征的距离计算和比较,实现了具有抵抗尺度变化等相似变换的地形匹配方法。仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性,对于从序列图像重建地形的匹配定位具有重要意义。     

一种自适应选取参考帧的多视点视频编码方案

多视点视频是目前视频编码的研究热点之一。为了提高多视点视频的压缩率和视觉质量,本文提出了一种自适应地选取B帧作为参考帧的编码方案。通过将相邻的两个P帧或I帧间的残差与两个预先定义的阈值进行比较,该方案自适应地选取B帧作为参考帧,从而获得较好的压缩效率和视觉效果。该方案采用H.264/AVC的编码器JM实现,并取得了预期的测试结果。     

基于多层注意力机制的回指消解算法

在信息抽取过程中,无法被判别的回指易造成信息抽取不完整的情况,这种指代关系可通过分析当前语境下的指代部分、被指代部分、周围的信息及原文内容生成的唯一判别信息进行判断。为此,构建一个多层注意力机制模型,在不同层次上对上述信息进行基于注意力机制的概率计算,利用最终结果判别回指关系是否成立。在指代部分与被指代部分向量化后,通过2个注意力层上的4次概率计算,使每一个训练结果在判别之前都具有唯一性。在OntoNotes 5.0数据集上的实验结果表明,该模型F值在显性指代和零指代均存在的条件下为70.1%,在存在零指代的条件下为60.7%,高于尹庆宇等人提出的模型。     

Persistent caching: an implementation technique for complex objectswith object identity

Many recent complex object database systems support the concepts of object identity and object identifier. Following an object identifier to access the referenced object is called navigation operation and is an essential operation in dealing with complex objects. Navigation operation is a difficult operation to implement efficiently since every navigation operation inherently causes one disk access operation. A scheme to notably accelerate the navigation operation among a sea of complex objects, by increasing the effective number of objects in one disk page is proposed. The main concept of the presented technique is threefold. The first idea is to store a cached value within a complex object that is referencing another complex object. The second is that when the referenced object is to be updated the update propagation is delayed until the time when the cached value is referenced. The third is to utilize a hashed table on main memory to efficiently validate the consistency between the cached values and the original values     

Detecting water quality parameters in the Norfolk Broads,U.K., using Landsat imagery

Abstract

The water quality parameters chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, Secchi disk depth, suspended solids, salinity and temperature in the Norfolk Broads have been studied using Landsat TM data. An empirical approach of relating TM data with ground referenced data for these parameters through regression analysis was employed. Significant relationships were established between them. These models were used to predict and map these parameters in 27 or the Norfolk Broads. All the predicted values are consistent with the available general knowledge about these Broads     

Exploiting the least recently used page replacement algorithm

Many implementations of paged virtual memory systems employ demand fetching with least recently used (LRU) replacement. The stack characteristic of LRU replacement implies that a reference string which repeatedly accesses a number of pages in sequence will cause a page fault for each successive page referenced when the number of pages is greater than the number of page frames allocated to the program's LRU stack. In certain circumstances when the individual operations being performed on the referenced string are independent, or more precisely are commutative, the order of alternate page reference sequences can be reversed. This paper considers sequences which cannot be reversed and shows how placement of information on pages can achieve a similar effect if at least half the pages can be held in the LRU stack.     

基于实时ZMP检测的类人足球机器人步态规划

为了保证类人机器人行走的稳定性,合理的步态规划和误差补偿是最为关键的两个方面。针对研究新一代的类人足球机器人AFU2008,在步态规划方面,根据ZMP(零力矩点)稳定性原理,首先用参考轨迹法进行关节轨迹规划,然后由运动学逆解出的关节转角值对机器人舵机进行实际控制;在误差补偿方面,采用对ZMP影响较大的上体运动进行误差补偿,并针对传统的上体补偿方法的局限性,提出了允许上体高度作匀速运动的改进方法。最后通过仿真和实际实验表明:相对于传统补偿方法,新方法能够更加明显减小机器人的ZMP误差,提高机器人ZMP的稳定裕度,使得类人机器人可以稳定快速的行走。     

Estimating neural networks-based algorithm for adaptive cachereplacement

In this paper, we propose an adaptive cache replacement scheme based on the estimating type of neural networks (NN's). The statistical prediction property of such NN's is used in our work to develop a neural network based replacement policy which can effectively identify and eliminate inactive cache lines. This would provide larger free space for a cache to retain actively referenced lines. The proposed strategy may, therefore, yield better cache performance as compared to the conventional schemes. Simulation results for a wide spectrum of cache configurations indicate that the estimating neural network based replacement scheme provides significant performance advantage over existing policies.     

空间离群点的检测算法

空间离群点是指与其邻居具有明显区别的属性值的空间对象。已有的空间离散点检测算法一个主要的缺陷就是这些方法导致一些真正的离群点被忽略而把一些非离群点当成了空间离群点。本文提出了一种迭代算法,该算法通过多次迭代检测离群点,取得较好效果。实验表明该算法具有较好的实用性。     

Sequences feature vectors extracting method for similarity measurement based on wavelet and matrix transforming

A feature vectors extracting method for similarity measurement between a referenced sequence and an analyzed sequence is proposed. The referenced sequence and analyzed sequence are compressed into two wavelet matrices by Discrete Orthogonal Wavelet Transform (DOWT), respectively. A singular value vector and the multi-subspaces of the referenced matrix are derived from wavelet matrices by singular value decomposition (SVD). Consequently, a uniform subspace of which all sequences are mutual orthogonal can be constructed by serializing multi-subspaces, and the analyzed feature vectors can also be obtained by inner product transformation between analyzed sequence and all sequences derived from the multi-subspaces. The similarity is measured between the analyzed feature vector and the singular value vector of the referenced sequence. The simulation results show that the proposed method is improved in the dimension, accuracy and anti-noise ability with little sensitivity sacrifice.     

内模控制在过程控制系统中的应用研究

内模控制是一种简单、实用的先进控制算法,是研究其它基于模型的控制策略的理论基础.本文介绍了内模控制的基本原理及内模控制器的设计方法,基于过程控制实验系统,采用内模控制策略对其进行控制,并在相同状况下,采用常规PID和内模PID算法对其进行控制比较.结果表明,采用内模控制策略的控制系统在超调量、上升时间和调节时间等方面均有所减小和缩短,体现了内模控制的实用性和控制效果的优越性,对于内模控制在其它领域的应用具有一定的参考价值.     

Analysis of ENVISAT ASAR data for forest parameter retrieval and forest type classification—a case study over deciduous forests of central India

The present paper gives an account of potential of Environment Satellite‐Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ENVISAT‐ASAR) C‐band data in forest parameter retrieval and forest type classification over deciduous forests of Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR), central India. Ground data on phyto‐sociology and Leaf Area Index (LAI) over the study area was collected in 23 sampling points (20m×20m) over the study area. Phyto‐sociological data collected over the study area was used to compute plot‐wise biometric parameters like basal area, volume, stem density and dominant height. ENVISAT ASAR data covering the study area, pertaining to 24 November 2005, has been geo‐referenced and digital number (DN) values were converted to radar backscatter values. Regression analysis between backscatter and the retrieved biometric variables has been done to explain the relationships between SAR backscatter and forest parameters. Analysis showed a significant correlation between backscatter and biometric parameters and backscatter values typically increased with increase in basal area, volume, stem density and dominant height. The scatter observed between ASAR backscatter and stem density, basal area and dominant height suggested limitation of C‐band data in estimating biometric variables in heterogeneous forest systems. Further, ASAR data was used in conjunction with Indian Remote sensing Satellite (IRS‐P6)—Linear Imaging Self Scanner (LISS) III data of 16 October 2004 to classify the study area into different land use/land cover (LU/LC) classes. Various texture and adaptive filters were applied on ASAR image to reduce speckle noise and enhance image features. An attempt is made to merge ASAR image with LISS‐III to enhance feature discrimination. Training sets corresponding to the ground data have been used to derive confusion matrices for the ASAR and LISS‐III images. Results suggested better discrimination of vegetation types in the merged data suggesting the possible use of ASAR data in forest type discrimination.     

基于声纳的移动机器人环境建图的设计与实现*

针对未知环境中声纳传感器定位与地图创建时传感数据不确定性高、可靠性低的问题,提出了一种新的室内环境建图方法。该方法建立容忍函数以判断噪声和镜面反射,同时借鉴了ArcTransversal Median Algorithm的思想和栅格概率估计并采用贝叶斯法则进行两次数据融合以减小声纳传感器信息的不确定性。在MORCS2机器人平台上实时创建地图实验表明,这种方法能快速实现从局部地图到全局地图的更新且有较好的精确性与鲁棒性。     

空间离群点的检测算法

空间离群点是指与其邻居具有明显区别的属性值的空间对象。已有的空间离散点检测算法一个主要的缺陷就是这些方法导致一些真正的离群点被忽略而把一些非离群点当成了空间离群点。提出了一种迭代算法,该算法通过多次迭代检测离群点,取得较好效果。实验表明该算法具有较好的实用性。     

A TRIBUTE TO ALF MONGÉ

Abstract

A data hiding method using three-directional pixel-value differencing for gray images is presented in this article. The cover image is divided into non-overlapping 2 × 2 sub-blocks, and the basis pixel is selected to calculate three different values of a sub-block. Difference values are replaced by embedding the number of secret bits that are referenced by the range table. For three pixel pairs in the sub-block, the optimal pixel adjustment is preceded to reduce the distortion of visual quality. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a high capacity and good visual quality.     

Slicing programs in the presence of errors

Program slicing is a technique by which statements are deleted from a program in such a way as to preserve a projection of the original program's semantics. It is shown that slicing algorithms based upon traditional defined and referenced variable sets do not preserve a projection of strict semantics with respect to computations which cause errors. Rather, these approaches preserve a projection of the program's semantics which is lazy with respect to errors. A modified version of defined and referenced variable sets is introduced, which provides the freedom to choose the form of semantics to be preserved.In describing a slicing criterion it is conventional to label program points with line numbers. These line numbers are unique identifiers; one for each node in the program's Control Flow Graph [FOW87].     

A service acquisition mechanism for server-based heterogeneousdistributed systems

This paper presents a mechanism that facilitates and enhances the use of independently administered remote network servers in the presence of server interface heterogeneity. The mechanism is designed under the client-service model, which extends the client-server model with an abstraction of service to decouple abstract server capabilities from concrete server interface specifics such as server interface binding protocols and the interface operation invocation protocols. The mechanism selects servers, accommodates server interface heterogeneity, and handles server access failures as per the abstract server capabilities desired by the client. It could return the identity of the server used for each service access invocation to facilitate billing, refining service specifications, and reporting server-specific errors. This paper also illustrates a C library interface to this mechanism, and describes a language veneer over the C programming language demonstrating how a typed procedural language could be extended by a few language constructs to support the mechanism under the client-service model. In this language, server capabilities are referenced by abstract data type (ADT) objects, and are accessed by invoking the objects' interface operations using a call-by-value-result paradigm     

基于瞬态相对模型的轨道机动目标运动参数估计

空问目标可能存在未知的机动,针对该类目标相对导航问题,提出一种基于瞬态相对模型的运动参数估计方法.该方法依据轨道密切性思想,在瞬态意义下建立相对运动模型和机动辨识算法,然后通过密切轨道到参考轨道的量测变换对冻结时间模型进行状态滤波,可为目标机动下的自主导航提供所需的相对状态与目标机动参数估值.误差分析表明,所得估值偏差均有界.仿真验证了该方法在目标存在机动情况下的有效性和一般性.     

A framework for real-time discrete event control

The TTM/RTTL (timed transition model with real-time temporal logic) framework is presented for modeling, specifying, and analyzing real-time discrete-event systems. TTMs are used to represent the process of the plant and its controller. RTTL is the assertion language for specifying plant behavior and verifying that a controller satisfies the specification. The framework adapts features from the program verification literature which are useful for posing problems of interest to the control engineer, such as modular synthesis and design. Examples are used to illustrate the ideas presented. The authors' published analytical results are summarized and referenced