增益开关半导体激光器的三级脉冲整形方案

增益开关半导体激光器产生的光脉冲宽度往往较宽,且具有一定大小的脉冲基座。为了提高增益开关半导体激光器的脉冲质量,提出了一种三级脉冲整形方案。首先,利用色散补偿光纤将增益开关半导体激光器输出的光脉冲宽度从39.381 ps压缩到26.681 ps,随后利用掺铒光纤放大器和色散位移光纤的高阶孤子效应进一步将光脉冲的宽度压缩到20.916 ps,最后利用半导体光放大器的自相位调制效应区分开脉冲基座与脉冲中心的光谱,并利用光滤波器滤除脉冲基座对应的光谱部分,从而消减脉冲基座,并将脉冲宽度压缩到18.497 ps。实验结果表明,该三级脉冲整形方案可以有效地压缩脉冲宽度以及减小脉冲基座,从而提高增益开关半导体激光器输出光脉冲的质量。     

哑铃形高功率全保偏大模场掺镱锁模光纤激光器

采用基于非线性光纤环形镜的哑铃形结构搭建了全光纤全保偏掺镱锁模激光器。通过使用全保偏大模场光纤、高功率光纤器件和优化的腔结构,实现了脉冲宽度在156 ps到8.1 ns范围内可调的高功率、大能量矩形耗散孤子共振脉冲输出,在最大泵浦功率22.7 W下激光器直接输出功率达到5.5 W,脉冲能量达到0.68μJ,峰值功率为84 W。得益于全保偏光纤结构,所设计的激光器具有出色的抗干扰性和稳定性。     

A 40-GHz 0.9-ps regeneratively mode-locked fiber laser with atuning range of 1530-1560 nm

A stable 40-GHz pulse train was successfully generated from a regeneratively mode-locked fiber laser. The laser was locked to an external signal by a phase-locked loop (PLL) technique. The output pulsewidth was as short as 0.9 ps using a soliton effect in the fiber cavity and the wavelength was tunable between 1530 and 1560 nm     

低阈值高稳定性的全保偏锁模光纤激光器

报道了一种基于色散补偿的低阈值自启动的全保偏“9”字腔光纤激光器。在谐振腔结构中加入一段色散补偿光纤进行色散补偿,同时加入相移器提供非线性相移,产生超短脉冲输出。当泵浦功率达到80mW时,可实现自启动的孤子锁模,重复频率为2218 MHz,中心波长为1557nm,脉冲宽度为536 fs,信噪比为73dB。在该稳定锁模状态下的激光器输出平均功率为104mW,对应脉冲能量为0046nJ。该激光器结构简单,具有低阈值、自启动的优势,可作为种子源,广泛应用于太赫兹产生、生物医学成像、超快光谱学等领域。     

光纤孤子激光器及用其作源的光孤子传输实验

介绍了一个１．５５μｍ光纤孤子激光器及利用它作源的光孤子脉冲传输实验。其中采用了掺铒光纤放大器锁模技术．实测孤子激光器输出脉冲宽度为３０ｐｓ．谱宽为０．１６ｎｍ；经过５０ｋｍ色散位移光纤传输后，其脉宽与谱宽基本维持不变．     

耗散孤子和束缚态脉冲可切换的超连续谱产生

当超短脉冲进入高非线性光纤时,在色散和非线性效应的共同作用下,脉冲频谱中会产生一些新的频率分量,使得输出频谱比输入频谱宽得多。这种光谱被称为超连续谱。超连续谱光源具有光谱范围宽、方向性好、亮度高、空间相干性好等优点。在锁模激光器中,传统孤子、耗散孤子和类噪声脉冲可以作为种子源产生超连续谱。文中,笔者建立了一个NPR被动锁模光纤激光器来产生脉冲激光。然后,添加一段DCF以补偿腔中的色散,从而产生耗散孤子。同时,通过调节腔内PC,可以实现束缚态和耗散孤子的状态切换。输出脉冲经10 m单模光纤压缩后注入部分拉锥后的高非线性光纤以产生超连续谱。实验中,我们得到了脉宽为5.6 ps、重复频率为32 MHz、信噪比为52 dB的耗散孤子锁模脉冲,压缩后的脉冲宽度为868 fs,用作超连续谱产生。超连续谱的覆盖范围约为1200~2200 nm,其20 dB谱宽为357 nm。通过调节偏振控制器,实现耗散孤子脉冲与束缚态脉冲之间的切换,束缚态脉冲持续时间为1.4 ps,脉冲间隔为14 ps,信噪比为51 dB,产生1600~1870 nm的超连续光谱,20 dB的光谱宽度为135 nm。     

长腔被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器的方波脉冲产生

报道了一种基于非线性光纤环形镜(NOLM)、工作在耗散孤子共振(DSR)区的长腔被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器,该激光器谐振腔的总长度约为1502 m,可以输出重复频率为133.18 kHz的高能量方波脉冲,且输出脉冲的宽度和单脉冲能量均随泵浦功率的增大而呈线性增大。当泵浦功率增大到414.47 mW时,输出的方波脉冲具有最大宽度(761.6 ns),同时单脉冲能量达到了最大值(60.2 nJ)。通过改变NOLM中单模光纤的长度,进一步研究了谐振腔长度对输出方波脉冲特性的影响,结果表明:谐振腔越长,所得DSR方波脉冲越宽,脉冲峰值功率越低。     

Output characteristics of optical solitons in a passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser

In this paper, we studied the output characteristics of optical soliton in a passively mode-locked ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber laser by numerical simulation. The structure of the passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser was studied by modeling and analysis. The influence of the inter-cavity average group velocity dispersion on pulse width, pulse peak power and single pulse energy of optical soliton and self-similar pulse was investigated. Simulation results were very instructive for the practical application of the passiavely mode-locked Yb-doped fiber lasers.     

Stabilizing the soliton laser

In the soliton laser, feedback from a pulse-shaping fiber enables the production of ultrafast pulses of controlled shape and width. Successful operation, however, requires maintenance of the correct optical phase of this feedback. We describe a simple but effective servo control that locks to the required phase, while simultaneously stabilizing output power. We also show that the stabilized soliton laser action involves passive mode-locking. Finally, we describe experiments that reveal, in considerable detail, how the pulse shaping takes place. In particular, our experiments show that closure is not required separately of the laser's two coupled cavities.     

Mode-Locked Bi-Doped All-Fiber Laser With Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating

We demonstrate a bi-doped fiber laser with dispersion compensation provided by a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. Reliable self-starting mode-locking was achieved by using an InGaAsN semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The all-fiber laser generated short optical pulses with a duration of 1.9 ps at ~ 1165 nm. The large anomalous dispersion of the fiber grating ensured operation in the soliton pulse regime. This in turn enabled us to increase the repetition rate of the output pulse train up to 100.6 MHz via harmonic mode-locking.     

被动锁模光纤激光器中增益支配孤子的腔至峰值功率钳位效应

通过实验和数值模拟研究了全正色散被动锁模光纤激光器中增益支配孤子的产生.实验观测和数值模拟结果分别证实了由腔导致的峰值功率钳位效应的存在.激光器性能对腔的结构的依赖性得到研究.研究结果表明:在光纤激光器中,能否获得具有更高脉冲能量的增益支配孤子是由腔的结构例如腔内非线性管理和输出比率选取决定的.     

Active harmonic modelocking of an erbium fiber laser withintracavity Fabry-Perot filters

We present both experimental and theoretical investigations of the operation of a harmonically modelocked erbium fiber ring laser stabilized by an intracavity bit-rate etalon. Our model analyzes the effects of cavity components and operating parameters on laser stability and output pulse characteristics. The model predicts the output pulsewidth variation with laser cavity parameters such as cavity length, dispersion, and finesse of intracavity Fabry-Perot etalons. If the laser cavity length is not optimized, a maximum 50% increase in pulsewidth can occur at 5 Gb/s pulse rate. A repetition rate etalon with a finesse of 50 is sufficient to provide a side-mode suppression ratio of over 50 dB in the laser output. We also discuss how detuning from the optimal modulation frequency increases the excess noise that affects the laser stability. The theory predicts a maximum detuning range of ±100 kHz, which agrees with the experimental observations. These theoretical results can guide the design of similar lasers over a wide range of operating parameters     

48 fs,108 MHz色散管理孤子掺Er3+光纤激光器

提出了一种基于商售光纤构建的适用于精密光谱光频梳应用的100 MHz重复频率色散管理孤子光纤激光器的设计方案.通过采用低负色散光纤调控重复频率、高正色散光纤增大腔内脉冲呼吸比,构建了重复频率为108 MHz、中心波长为1550 nm的基于正色散掺铒光纤的色散管理孤子光纤激光器,该激光器腔内净色散为-0.0023 ps2,直接输出脉冲宽度为70 fs,经光纤压缩后脉冲宽度为48 fs,且脉冲中心波长处在1550 nm.     

40-GHz mode-locked fiber-ring laser using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with integrated SOAs

A 40-GHz mode-locked fiber-ring laser based on an optically controlled modulator is presented and analyzed in detail. The modulator is a monolithic InGaAsP-InP Mach-Zehnder interferometer with integrated semiconductor optical amplifiers, which allows optical pulse generation synchronized to an external optical clock pulse stream. The laser generates nearly transform-limited Gaussian pulses of 2.5-ps width and up to 9-mW mean output power with less than 130 fs of timing jitter, and it is wavelength tunable over more than 30 nm. The relationship between key laser parameters and the output pulse characteristics is analyzed experimentally and numerically. An improved cavity design permits the generation of shorter pulses of 1.0-ps width.     

Injection locking of a passively mode-locked laser

We present and analyze a model of a passively mode-locked laser, which is subjected to injection of a coherent pulse train. The model, based on soliton perturbation theory, predicts the possibility of coherent injection locking, and gives analytical estimates for the locking ranges. The ability to simultaneously lock the timing and the phase of the output pulses of a mode-locked laser to an injected, coherent pulse train is shown. The interesting limiting case of phase locking the mode-locked laser to a constant amplitude external injection, is addressed with implications for future coherent soliton communication systems     

External cavity controlled operation of a semiconductor diode gain element in series with an optical fiber

The series combination of a semiconductor diode gain element (a diode laser whose end facets have been antireflection coated) and an optical fiber has been placed inside an external cavity and the combined system has lased in a single spectral line whose width was less than the1.7 times 10^{-5}-nm (7.5-MHz) resolution of the scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer used in the measurement. This result has been achieved with either a single-mode or a multimode optical fiber in series with the diode gain element and for experiments in which a polarizer, oriented so its polarization is parallel to the diode gain element polarization, was placed at the other end of either fiber. The output of the external cavity is temporally stable as measured both by a 225-MHz-bandwidth detector system and a spectrum analyzer. Over a one minute interval the maximum fluctuation in the output frequency of the external cavity was found to be 2 MHz. Analysis of the threshold behavior of the external cavity for the cases where the multimode or single-mode fiber are in the cavity indicates that the coupling coefficients for either fiber are nearly the same. Without an external cavity, the coupling coefficient from the diode gain element (or from a similar, not anti-reflection-coated, laser) to the multimode fiber is over five times larger than that to the single-mode fiber. These coupling results are explained by postulating that for the multimode fiber, only one or a selected number of the many modes of the fiber can participate in the laser action of the external cavity. It is believed that only these mode(s) are reflected back into the fiber by the spherical mirror in appropriate phase and angle to participate in the laser emission.     

Experimental study of sideband generation in femtosecond fiberlasers

We present a thorough experimental investigation of the phenomenon of soliton resonance sideband generation in femtosecond fiber lasers. The dependence of the sideband wavelengths on the dispersion and pulse length is confirmed. Third order dispersion is found to play a significant role in determining the sideband spectrum. We show that the minimum pulse length obtained in a fiber laser is determined by the cavity dispersion and relate this to loss into the sidebands. We show how the sideband spectrum can be used as a diagnostic of the fiber parameters and of the formation of ultrashort pulses in the laser     

Electronically controlled high-speed wavelength-tunable femtosecondsoliton pulse generation using acoustooptic modulator

The compact system of electronically controlled high-speed wavelength-tunable femtosecond (fs) soliton pulse generation is realized for the first time using a passively mode-locked fs fiber laser, a polarization maintaining optical fiber, and an acoustooptic (A-O) modulator. The wavelength of the output pulses can be continuously tuned simply by controlling the input voltage into the A-O modulator. The wavelength of the soliton pulses can be changed at 2.5-μs intervals. Wavelength stabilization, time division wavelength multiplexed soliton pulse generation, and a wavelength scanner have been demonstrated     

Mode-locked hybrid soliton pulse source with extremely wideoperating frequency range

The authors report a mode-locked pulse source with extremely wide operating frequency range and very stable operation, through the use of a long, linearly chirped Bragg reflector as the output coupler integrated in a fiber external cavity. A 1.55 μm strained MQW laser diode is used, with one facet high reflectivity (HR) coated for improved cavity Q, and the other antireflection (AR) coated to allow coupling to the external cavity and suppress Fabry-Perot modes. Near-transform-limited pulses are obtained over a frequency range of 700 MHz around a system operating frequency of 2.488 GHz, with pulsewidths of 50 ps, as required for a practical soliton transmission system     

Theory of soliton stability in asynchronous modelocking

A new type of fiber laser modelocking is examined where a phase modulator is driven asynchronously with respect to a harmonic of the roundtrip cavity frequency. An asynchronous drive is able to produce high repetition rate (>1 GHz) soliton pulses that are shorter than the classic, active modelocking pulse width limit. It is shown that with a proper choice of fiber parameters, noise cleanup and soliton pulse shaping can be obtained using filtering and asynchronous phase modulation. Limits of asynchronous detuning are derived and a comparison with the parameters ranges for synchronous phase modulation is also presented