双膜法污水处理回用实验研究

UF+RO法也称为双膜法,主要应用于污水的深度处理;实验研究以河北某味精厂污水处理中心二级出水作为原水质,采用UF+RO法进行深度处理,结果表明出水水质达到了该厂回用水质标准。     

世界级炼厂污水回用系统的环保实践

世界级炼厂污水处理场回用水产水是循环水补水的主要来源。主要探讨了回用水单元的工艺流程、运行情况等。回用水运行数据说明UF、RO膜处理技术在污水回用的可行性、高效性,其产水满足循环水补水水质要求,可以在炼油污水回用、城镇污水回用等行业推广运用。     

大型炼厂污水回用系统的环保实践

大型炼厂污水处理场回用水产水是循环水补水的主要来源。本文主要探讨回用水单元的工艺流程、运行情况等。回用水运行数据说明了UF、RO膜处理技术在污水回用中的可行性及高效性,其产水满足循环水补水水质要求,可以在炼油污水回用、城镇污水回用等行业推广应用。     

杭州七格污水处理厂中水回用工程工艺设计

根据杭州市七格污水处理厂尾水水质情况,本文采用先进的多介质过滤器+自清洗过滤器+UF+RO的处理工艺,对该尾水进行3500m3/d的中水回用工程的工艺设计。并对各个工艺进行了详细描述,为杭州市污水处理厂的尾水回用工程提供理论参考。     

火力电厂循环冷却排水回用处理工艺研究

结合火力电厂循环冷却排水回用处理现有工艺,对混凝—超滤(UF)—反渗透(RO)工艺和澄清—过滤—UF—RO工艺进行了试验研究。结果表明,超滤作为RO的预处理具有较大的优越性,混凝—UF—RO工艺虽然可简化处理流程,但膜通量较小,总体投资并未减少,且运行可靠性较差;澄清—过滤—UF—RO工艺出水水质优良(UF出水SDI值小于2,RO除盐率达到99%),UF膜通量可达到3m3/(m2.d),系统运行可靠,运行维护费用低,是较合理的工艺。     

预处理+厌氧+生化+膜深度处理垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液

以华北地区某一生活垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液项目为例，采用“预处理+厌氧+一级AO+UF+NF+RO”工艺处理，出水水质满足《城市污水再生利用工业用水水质》(GB/T 19923—2005)中敞开式循环冷却系统补充水标准后回用至冷却塔循环水。NF浓液采用物料膜减量化处理，RO浓液采用二级RO处理，最终浓液入炉回喷或至主厂区综合利用。经调试运行，本项目系统整体得率≥80%,COD、NH₃-N、TN去除率分别为99.97%、99.96%、99.90%，出水水质达标排放。     

钢铁工业综合废水处理回用工程实例

为提高厂区废水水资源利用率,某钢铁公司采用"格栅+高效沉淀池+V型滤池+超滤(UF)+一级反渗透(RO)+二级RO+电去离子(EDI)"工艺处理和再生回用其生产综合废水,产水有软水、除盐水和超纯水等。实际运行结果表明,该工艺设计合理,运行稳定,实现了72%～80%的高回收率废水回用;其中UF系统产水SDI_(15)2.5,一级RO、二级RO、EDI产水电导率分别为30、2.5、0.06μS/cm,特别是其产水电阻17 MΩ·cm,达到GB/T 6682-2008一级超纯水水质要求,其它各项产水指标均能够满足不同生产单元对于不同品类水质的需求,实现了厂内分区分质供水。     

电镀废水处理及回用工程实例

采用混凝沉淀+水解酸化+膜生物反应器(MBR)+过滤+反渗透(RO)组合工艺,对某电镀企业生产废水进行深度处理和回用。首先通过混凝沉淀、生化和过滤去除重金属、有机物和悬浮物,然后利用RO系统去除剩余的有机物和盐分。实际运行结果表明,RO淡水水质可满足企业生产工艺用水水质要求,RO浓水水质达到了《电镀污染物排放标准》(GB 21900—2008)表2中的新建企业水污染物排放限值。     

印染废水处理与回用技术应用研究

采用气浮、膜生物反应器(MBR)与反渗透(RO)组合工艺,对某印染企业生产废水进行深度处理和回用。通过气浮、MBR去除有机污染物,利用RO系统去除剩余的有机物和盐分。实际运行结果表明,RO淡水水质可满足企业生产工艺用水要求,RO浓水水质达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)的三级标准。     

化工废水双膜法深度处理及回用工程

独山子石化公司化工废水深度处理及回用工程采用BAF 双膜工艺,处理后产品水作为乙烯厂锅炉水及循环水补水,结果表明,BAF 双膜工艺能有效去除污水中的有机物、SS和各种阴阳离子等,出水能够达到<炼油企业污水回用管理规范>中"优质工业再生水水质指标",从而节约大量新水,产生了良好的经济效益和环境效益.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。