基于包容性的适老化服务设计研究

目的 基于老龄化社会背景带来的设计方向的思考,将包容性设计的理念和原则融入服务设计中,从包容性的视角出发改进服务设计流程,提升服务设计的包容性,构建更优体验感的适老化医疗服务系统。方法 通过文献分析了解适老化服务设计的研究现状、包容性的设计理念和应用于解决老龄问题的优势。运用深度访谈、实地调研等用户研究方法,构建老年慢性病患者的典型用户旅程图,梳理并分类服务痛点。从服务接触点和整个服务流程寻找设计机会点,根据总结的包容性原则对服务接触点进行优化和系统设计,搭建的医疗服务系统通过服务蓝图等工具进行表达。结果 提出基于包容性的服务接触点改进原则、适老化服务痛点类型、适老化服务设计流程和针对服务流程的包容性评估方法。结论 包容性设计理念的融入能够提升服务设计的包容性,改善老年人的服务体验。具备包容性的适老化服务设计为面向老龄人口的服务设计研究提供了一个切入点,并为适老化的医疗服务流程设计提供了参考。     

数学课堂分级教学的若干思考

优化课堂教学是提高教学质量的重要环节。本文从分级教学角度，对分级方法、教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等方面提出了优化课堂教学的思考。     

Chemometrics: Applications of Mathematics and Statistics to Laboratory Systems

Procedures for testing trends in the intensity functions of nonhomogeneous Poisson processes are based mostly on conditioning on the number of failures observed in (0, t] with fixed t. We study an unconditional test based on the time-truncated data that enables meaningful asymptotics as t → ∞. We show that the asymptotic test is conservative and that its power quickly comes close to the power of the uniformly most powerful unbiased test for the power-law alternatives. Moreover, for the goodness of fit of a specified intensity, the exact test has more power than the test based on the conditional approach. We illustrate the procedure using a real dataset.     

Annals of Discrete Mathematics,Vol. 6: Combinatorial Mathematics,Optimal Designs and Their Applications

Computer simulators of real-world processes are often computationally expensive and require many inputs. The problem of the computational expense can be handled using emulation technology; however, highly multidimensional input spaces may require more simulator runs to train and validate the emulator. We aim to reduce the dimensionality of the problem by screening the simulator’s inputs for nonlinear effects on the output rather than distinguishing between negligible and active effects. Our proposed method is built upon the elementary effects (EE) method for screening and uses a threshold value to separate the inputs with linear and nonlinear effects. The technique is simple to implement and acts in a sequential way to keep the number of simulator runs down to a minimum, while identifying the inputs that have nonlinear effects. The algorithm is applied on a set of simulated examples and a rabies disease simulator where we observe run savings ranging between 28% and 63% compared with the batch EE method. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

大学数学教学中多媒体技术运用的若干建议

文章探讨了在数学学科的教学中多媒体技术显示的优势和不足之处，并对如何在数学教学中更好地使用多媒体提出若干建议。     

“高等数学”教学中引入数学建模思想和方法的研究

探讨了“高等数学”课程的教学中适当地引入了建模思想和方法的问题,提出了从对于教学过程中的几个环节——授课内容、授课过程、授课对象入手,逐步培养学生学习高等数学的兴趣,提高学生分析问题和解决实际问题的能力.     

电子纸技术及其在包装领域的应用展望

结合文献和实验情况,综述了部分原理型电子纸的基本技术情况,对电子纸在包装领域的应用,作出了预测与展望.     

MXenes Antibacterial Properties and Applications: A Review and Perspective

The mutations of bacteria due to the excessive use of antibiotics, and generation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have made the development of new antibacterial compounds a necessity. MXenes have emerged as biocompatible transition metal carbide structures with extensive biomedical applications. This is related to the MXenes’ unique combination of properties, including multifarious elemental compositions, 2D-layered structure, large surface area, abundant surface terminations, and excellent photothermal and photoelectronic properties. The focus of this review is the antibacterial application of MXenes, which has attracted the attention of researchers since 2016. A quick overview of the synthesis strategies of MXenes is provided and then summarizes the effect of various factors (including structural properties, optical properties, surface charges, flake size, and dispersibility) on the biocidal activity of MXenes. The main mechanisms for deactivating bacteria by MXenes are discussed in detail including rupturing of the bacterial membrane by sharp edges of MXenes nanoflakes, generating the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and photothermal deactivating of bacteria. Hybridization of MXenes with other organic and inorganic materials can result in materials with improved biocidal activities for different applications such as wound dressings and water purification. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of MXene nanomaterials as biocidal agents are presented.     

“高等数学”课堂教学质量评估体系探讨

“高等数学”的教学评估是提高教学工作质量，进行教学质量监控的重要手段之一。文章探讨了高数课堂教学质量评估的目的、办法，高数课堂教学质量学生评估指标体系及评估结果的反馈与有效利用。     

“数据库原理及应用”课程教学改革初探

文章分析了机电专业数据库原理及应用课程教学的现状，结合该课程特点，从教学内容、教学手段、考核方式等方面探索了该课程的教学改革。     

Estimating Security Risk of Healthcare Web Applications: A Design Perspective

In the recent years, the booming web-based applications have attracted the hackers’ community. The security risk of the web-based hospital management system (WBHMS) has been increasing rapidly. In the given context, the main goal of all security professionals and website developers is to maintain security divisions and improve on the user’s confidence and satisfaction. At this point, the different WBHMS tackle different types of security risks. In WBHMS, the security of the patients’ medical information is of utmost importance. All in all, there is an inherent security risk of data and assets in the field of the medical industry as a whole. The objective of this study is to estimate the security risk assessment of WBHMS. The risks assessment pertains to securing the integrity of the information in alignment with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. This includes protecting the relevant financial records, as well as the identification, evaluation, and prevention of a data breach. In the past few years, according to the US-based cyber-security firm Fire-eye, 6.8 million data thefts have been recorded in the healthcare sector in India. The breach barometer report mentions that in the year 2019, the data breaches found were up to 48.6% as compared to the year 2018. Therefore, it is very important to assess the security risk in WBHMS. In this research, we have followed the hybrid technique fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (F-AHPTOPSIS) approach to assess the security risk in WBHMS. The place of this empirical database is at the local hospital of Varanasi, U.P., India. Given the affectability of WBHMS for its board framework, this work has used diverse types of web applications. The outcomes obtained and the procedure used in this assessment would support future researchers and specialists in organizing web applications through advanced support of safety and security.     

Facile Access to Fabricate Carbon Dots and Perspective of Large-Scale Applications

Carbon dots (CDs), fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with particle sizes < 10 nm, are constantly being developed for potential large-scale applications. Recently, methods allow CD synthesis to be carried out on large-scale preparation in a controlled fashion are potentially important for multiple disciplines, including bottom-up strategy, top-down method. In this review, the recent progresses in the research of the methods for large-scale production of CDs and their functionalization are summarized. Especially, the methods of CD synthesis, such as large-scale preparation, hydrothermal/solvothermal, microwave-assisted, magnetic hyperthermia microfluidic and other methods, along with functionalization of CDs, are summarized in detail. By promising applications of CDs, there are three aspects have been already reported, such as enhancing mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and energy storage. Also, future development of CDs is prospected.     

包容性视角下浙江城市居家式智慧养老服务设计研究

目的 对浙江城市居家式智慧养老服务开展基于案例应用的设计研究。方法 依据包容性设计流程的四个环节,首先在探索阶段收集了77份用户访谈数据;然后,引入先导用户理念,通过智能设备对先导用户的日常生活数据进行采集和观察,并结合访谈内容做交叉分析;接着,绘制用户旅程图,挖掘浙江四类典型先导用户（均为老人）的日常生活痛点并分别提出服务概念方案;最后,反思归纳并创新设计方法。结果 通过对包容性视角下浙江城市居家式智慧养老服务设计案例开展研究,验证了前文提出的研究方法与流程的可行性,并总结了三点设计反思。结论 以先导用户为中心,可使生成的服务概念方案更具包容性;通过对智能设备与用户调研所采集的数据进行交叉分析,有助于深入了解先导用户;对智能技术的应用不仅需要评估技术的可行性,还需重点关注老年人对智能技术的接受程度。最终将上述三点反思与前文所提研究流程与方法相结合生成创新方法,从而提高设计结果的可行性。     

设计悟道--浅议道家思想与现代艺术设计

以道家思想为依托,将道家的理论置入新兴的艺术设计领域,剖析现代艺术设计与传统思想的接壤,从形式和功能、技术和艺术、简洁和繁复的对比中探讨理性的设计思维,总结传统美学应用于现代社会的一些规律.     

Non‐normal Populations in Quality Applications: a Revisited Perspective

Much research effort has recently been focused on methods to deal with non‐normal populations. While for weak non‐normality the normal approximation is a useful choice (as in Shewhart control charts), moderate to strong skewness requires alternative approaches. In this short communication, we discuss the properties required from such approaches, and revisit two new ones. The first approach, for attributes data, assumes that the mean, the variance and the skewness measure can be calculated. These are then incorporated in a modified normal approximation, which preserves these moments. Extension of the Shewhart chart to skewed attribute distributions (e.g. the geometric distribution) is thus achieved. The other approach, for variables data, fit a member of a four‐parameter family of distributions. However, unlike similar approaches, sample estimates of at most the second degree are employed in the fitting procedure. This has been shown to result in a better representation of the underlying (unknown) distribution than methods based on four‐moment matching. Some numerical comparisons are given. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.