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以三乙醇胺为原料通过氯化反应、烷基化反应和磺化反应合成了一种星型表面活性剂,其具有3条疏水碳链和3个磺酸盐亲水基团。研究发现该表面活性剂具有很高的表面活性其临界胶束浓度CMC为4.93×10-5 mol/L,此时的界面张力为32.5 mN/m。同时,研究了星型表面活性剂浓度和NaOH浓度对原油/水界面张力的影响。研究发现,少量的星型表面活性剂就能有效的降低原油/水体系的界面张力。当表面活性剂浓度为0.1 g/L,NaOH浓度为0.5 g/L,温度为50 ℃时的原油/水体系的界面张力降至1.1×10-4 mN/m。该界面张力值已经属于超低界面张力,满足驱油用表面活性剂的基本条件。自乳化实验表明,该表面活性剂具有很好的乳化能力,表面活性剂浓度在0.1 g/L时就能将原油乳化成粒径为5 ~ 20 μm的O/W乳状液。 相似文献
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针对某油藏A区块,利用阴离子/两性表面活性剂的协同作用,进而达到油水超低界面张力,且两性表面活性剂十二烷基甜菜碱在浓度为0.1%~0.5%的范围内,降低油水界面张力的效果达到10~(-2) mN/m数量级,在加入阴离子表面活性剂的条件下,复配体系可以使油水界面张力达到超低界面张力。通过探讨表面活性剂的总浓度以及复配比对油水界面张力的影响,最终得到阴离子/两性表面活性剂复配体系可在较高矿化度和较低的浓度(0.4%)范围内达到10~(-3) mN/m的超低界面张力,并在此基础上对两者的协同作用进行分析。 相似文献
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以石油环烷酸为原料制备出石油环烷酸烷醇酰胺类驱油用表面活性剂。通过正交实验,确定了石油环烷酸二乙醇酰胺合成的优化条件为:反应温度100℃,反应时间4h,催化剂用量为反应体系总质量的3%,n(石油环烷酸甲酯)∶n(二乙醇胺)=1∶1 1。通过红外光谱和界面张力对产物进行了结构表征和性能测定,结果表明,在复配溶液中,w(石油环烷酸烷醇酰胺)=0 3%时,就能与克拉玛依七东一区原油形成10-3mN/m数量级的超低界面张力。 相似文献
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以硬脂酸和己酸为原料合成了不对称双长链烷基羧基甜菜碱——十八烷基己基甲基羧基甜菜碱(C18+6B),测定了C18+6B的表面活性,并与总碳原子数相等的对称型双十二烷基甲基羧基甜菜碱(diC12B)进行比较,以了解表面活性剂分子结构对性能的影响。结果表明,C18+6B的表面活性与diC12B基本相当,但水溶性远好于diC12B。作为无碱驱油用表面活性剂,C18+6B对大庆原油来说HLB值略偏高,45 ℃ 下单独使用能将大庆原油/地层水界面张力降至10-2mN/m数量级,在大庆油砂上的饱和吸附量比diC12B低30%。C18+6B单独能将C7~C9正构烷烃/大庆地层水界面张力降至10-3mN/m数量级,而通过与亲油性更强的diC12B以及亲水性甜菜碱复配后,能将大庆原油/地层水界面张力降至10-3mN/m数量级,并能显著改善配方的水溶性。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2019,(12):2886-2889
通过阴离子/非离子/两性表面活性剂复配,制备了低界面张力驱油用HW-2表活剂体系。对HW-2表活剂体系的界面张力、岩心吸附、油水乳化等性能进行了分析;采用饱和油的储层岩石进行驱替实验。结果表明,HW-2具有优良的耐盐、耐温性能。矿化度为80 000 mg/L的盐水条件下,原油和航空煤油质量比为6∶4时,配制HW-2浓度1.0 g/L,测得油水界面张力为1.732×10~(-3)mN/m;配制HW-2浓度3.0 g/L,测得油水界面张力为4.7×10~(-4)mN/m。通过驱油实验数据分析可知,HW-2能有效提高驱油效率11.5%,在油田开发中具有重要的使用价值。 相似文献
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超低界面张力石油磺酸盐复配驱油剂研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过室内实验研究了溶液质量分数、矿化度对石油磺酸盐溶液与大庆L区块原油的界面张力的影响,并将不同类型表面活性剂分别与石油磺酸盐复配,筛选出能够使油/水界面张力降至超低(10-3 mN/m数量级)的最优增效组合,以取代ASP复合驱中所加的碱.实验结果表明,在矿化度为6 000~10 000 mg/L,钙、镁离子质量浓度不超过20 mg/L时,石油磺酸盐表面活性剂有良好的抗盐性,可使油/水界面张力达到超低.在实验所选的不同类型表面活性剂中,石油磺酸盐与甜菜碱型表面活性剂复配起到明显的增效作用,特别是与椰油酰丙基磺基甜菜碱复配增效作用尤为显著,且两者复配的浓度范围较宽,油/水界面张力易达到超低. 相似文献
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Yue Zhang Yan Wang Huimin Zhang Xi Wang Yongxiang Zhao Jun Liu Feng Wang 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2014,17(5):967-975
In this article, a series of novel hyperbranched fluorinated polymer with polyglycerol (PG) as the hydrophilic core and poly(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) as solvophobic arms were synthesized. When the atom transfer radical polymerization was carried out using N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent, [M]/[I] ratio of 200, and [CuBr]/[NBr] ratio of 0.1 at 30 °C, controlled polymerization was achieved. The surface active properties of the polymer at the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/air and chloroform/water interface were studied by pendant drop measurements. The results showed that the copolymers could reduce surface tension (interfacial tension) in a manner analogous to the conventional surfactant in aqueous solutions. Thermodynamic analysis suggested that the solvophobic PTFEMA chains play an important role in determining the driving force of the aggregate formation in DMSO. 相似文献
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拉伸工艺参数与纤维拉伸张力和不匀率关系的研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
通过实验方法研究拉伸工艺条件和纤维拉伸张力及不匀率的关系。结果表明,拉伸比、拉伸速度和拉伸温度对纤维张力、张力波动和不匀率均存在着明显的影响。随着拉伸比、拉伸速度的提高和拉伸温度的降低,拉伸张力增大。增大拉伸比、拉伸速度和拉伸温度能有效地减小张力波动和不匀率。 相似文献
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合成了一种耐温抗盐表面活性剂,通过红外光谱分析了该表面活性剂的结构。将其与2500万分子量聚丙烯酰胺进行复配,考察了复配体系的表面、界面性能。研究结果表明:所合成的产物为目标产物;磺基甜菜碱表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为2.19×10^-3mol/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(γcmc)为25.51mN/m;加入聚合物后临界胶束浓度变为4.09×10^-3mol/L,γcmc变为26.65mN/m;表面活性剂质量浓度在0.8—1.5g/L,可使胜利原油油水间的界面张力达到超低数量级(10^-3mN/m);聚合物的加入有利于乳状液的形成。 相似文献
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A method has been developed to calculate the interfacial tension of sessile drops and captive bubbles of arbitrary contact angle by measuring the drop diameter and vertical distance to the apex at arbitrary horizontal planes within the drop. The procedure works in theory for any contact angle with an accuracy on the order of 0.1%. However, practical limitations reduce the range of angles to roughly 50°–180° but do not restrict the range of interfacial tensions (at least 0.01 mJ/m2 to 72.0 mJ/m2). The optimal strategy is to use the method at several points on a single drop and to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the resulting interfacial tensions. 相似文献
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合成了一种阴离子型双醚双苯磺酸盐Gemini表面活性剂,测定该系列Gemini表面活性剂水溶液的表面张力(γcmc)分别为:32.00mN/m、28.41 mN/m、29.76 mN/m、33.20 mN/m,临界胶束浓度(cmc)分别为:0.79mmol/L、0.87 mmol/L、1.02 mmol/L、0.84 mmol/L;该Gemini表面活性剂(DPDAS-12)可在无碱,浓度为0.35%条件下,将油/水界面张力降至1.2×10-3mN/m的超低水平;可有效改变岩石表面润湿性,可将亲油表面(θ=114°)改变为弱亲油(θ=69.3°),可将亲水表面(θ=26.0°)改变为弱亲水表面(θ=34.0°)。 相似文献
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Jan Blaszczak Jolanta Zimoch Wieslaw Hreczuch Aleksander Matuszewski Jan Szymanowski 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1999,2(1):29-37
Surface and interfacial tension isotherms for narrow-range distribution ALFOL 1214 alcohol oxyethylates were determined and
compared with those obtained for broad-range alcohol oxyethylates. Various adsorption parameters were estimated. The effectiveness
of surface tension reduction decreases when the length of polyoxyethylene hydrophile increases. Micellization is observed
at log cmc ranging from −4.7 to −3.3. Effects of the length and distribution of the polyoxyethylene chain on cmc are very
small. A minimum of A
min/N
av
0.5 is obtained for N
av=8, where A
min and N
av denote the minimum interfacial area occupied by a statistical molecule at the saturated interface and the average degree
of oxyethylation, respectively. The interface becomes saturated at pC
20=−5.61±0.35, where pC
20 denotes the logarithm of concentration required to obtain the surface pressure equal to 20 mNm−1. The highest and lowest values of the surface excess at saturation and the free energy of adsorption, respectively, are obtained
for an average degree of oxyethylation equal to 8. Parameters are correlated with the average degree of oxyethylation and
the oxyethylene chain distribution parameter according to empirical second-order polynomials. Small differences in adsorption
abilities at the water/air interface are only observed for narrow- and broad-range distributed oxyethylates. The differences
become important for adsorption at the hexadecane/water interface. The lowest values of interfacial tension are obtained for
narrow-range oxyethylates with N
av=7 and 8. The Krefeld fabric detergency tests indicated that the best detergency was observed for alcohol oxyethylates with
N
av=5–7. Narrow-range oxyethylates exhibit somewhat better washing abilities than the broad-range products. No relationship between
detergency of alcohol oxyethylates and their abilities to adsorb at the water/air and water/hydrocarbon interfaces is observed. 相似文献