Analyzing place metaphors in 3D educational collaborative virtual environments

In the recent years, the usage of three dimensional (3D) collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) for educational purposes has increased. The metaphors behind the design of virtual places are quite diverse, from replication of real universities to art museums and scientific labs. This paper reports the results of a case study where the students of our university, as a part of their course assignment, analyzed place metaphors used in a range of 3D educational CVEs vs. the corresponding educational goals. The students suggested a design for a virtual campus representing the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). The results of this study provide some suggestions concerning the characterization of different design features in educational CVEs and the suitability of such features for different educational goals. Also, a preliminary set of design guidelines for an ideal virtual campus representing a real university is presented. Finally, some challenges associated with using 3D CVEs in various educational situations are discussed.     

虚拟博物馆的三维场景构造及交互漫游实现

虚拟现实技术日趋成熟,针对虚拟场景的构造、交互漫游系统的实现过程展开讨论.系统对徐悲鸿博物馆的主要建筑物、生前作品及其雕塑进行了三维重建,实现了整个博物馆的虚拟漫游.探讨了构建虚拟博物馆三维场景及交互漫游实现过程中的若干关键技术问题,同时为虚拟博物馆系统的建立提供了一种切实可行的途径.     

Poster3D: a system for three-dimensional authoring and presentation in immersive virtual environments

We developed a simple system for three-dimensional (3D) authoring and presentation in immersive virtual reality environments. Our system enables a user to create and edit content both through direct manipulation using hand gestures in an immersive environment, and by using a 2D GUI on a PC desktop. The system also exploits various features of 3D information visualization to produce effective and interactive presentations. In a system trial, users found that the system enhanced their experience. The system helps users create 3D educational materials more easily and learn through the materials with greater interest and motivation. Noritaka Osawa received his B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in information science from the University of Tokyo in 1983, 1985, and 1988 respectively. After working for a software company and the University of Electro-communications, he has been at the National Institute of Multimedia Education since 1998. He has also been jointly appointed at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies since 2001. He now works for them as a Professor. His current research interests include human–computer interfaces using virtual reality technologies, information visualization, and system software. Sangtae Kim received B.A. degree in Visual Communication from YougIn University, Korea, in 1996, and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Design, from the University of Tsukuba, 2001, and 2004, respectively. He is currently an Assistant Professor of the institute of Art and Design, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. His research interests include visual communication, dynamic information graphics, multimedia systems, 3DCG, and Web3D technology. He planned for the MDD (Multi-Dynamic Documentation) project in 2003. At present, he is involved in the development of Web3D contents (Interactive Anatomy system) that uses MDD technology.     

三维光栅位移测量系统的硬件设计与实现

为了检测机床刀具的三维位移、实时显示刀具的进刀量,提高工件的加工精度,研究并设计了一种基于光栅位移传感器的高精度三维光栅位移测量系统。分析了光栅位移传感器的测量原理,介绍了该系统的硬件设计,设计了光栅位移信号细分辨向电路、主控电路、显示电路及控制电路,制作了系统电路样板,搭建了实验系统并对系统进行了实验。实验结果表明:硬件电路工作正常,系统运行稳定、测量精准,可满足机床高精度测量的生产需求。     

OpenGL技术在虚拟现实三维重建中的应用

目前,利用专业三维建模软件很难实现虚拟现实所需要的交互性,同时,在OpenGL建立的虚拟现实环境中,也很难通过编程进行复杂的三维建模.因此通过研究比较现在常用的利用OpenGL创建3D模型的方法,提出了一种新方法,即利用3DSMax进行复杂建模,并将模型导出为3DS格式,然后通过在OpenGL下编程控制模型来达到对虚拟现实环境的仿真.最后,利用该方法成功模拟了一个交通事故现场的虚拟环境,并可以对环境中的车辆等事物进行编程控制.     

A system for desktop conceptual 3D design

In the traditional design process for a 3D environment, people usually depict a rough prototype to verify their ideas, and iteratively modify its configuration until they are satisfied with the general layout. In this activity, one of the main operations is the rearrangement of single and composite parts of a scene. With current desktop virtual reality (VR) systems, the selection and manipulation of arbitrary objects in 3D is still difficult. In this work, we present new and efficient techniques that allow even novice users to perform meaningful rearrangement tasks with traditional input devices. The results of our work show that the presented techniques can be mastered quickly and enable users to perform complex tasks on composite objects. Moreover, the system is easy to learn, supports creativity, and is fun to use.     

A Simplified Model for Generating 3D Realistic Sound in the Multimedia and Virtual Reality Systems

It is a key feature to embed 3D realistic sound effect in the future multimedia and virtual reality systems.Recent research on acoustics and psychoacoustics reveals the important cues for sound localization and sound perception.One promising approach to generate 3D realistic sound effect uses two earphones by simulating the sound waveforms from sound source to eardrum.This paper summarizes two methods for generating 3D realistic sound and points out their inherent drawbacks.To overcome these drawbacks we propose a simplified model to generate 3D realistic sound at any positions in the horizontal plane based on the results of sound perception and localization.Experimental results show that the model is correct and efficient.     

基于Quest3D的采煤机虚拟培训系统设计

针对目前采煤机培训方式不能立体化多角度地展示采煤机操作过程的问题,设计了基于Quest3D的采煤机虚拟培训系统。该系统由下位机和上位机组成,二者通过RS232协议通信。下位机用来模拟采煤机的控制平台,以STC89C52单片机为核心的控制电路实现对外部操作信号的接收、处理和传输。上位机使用3DMax建模软件创建虚拟场景所需的模型,通过Quest3D三维引擎开发平台完成虚拟场景搭建,并依据下位机的命令对模型进行控制。该系统实现了采煤机虚拟培训功能,缩短了培训周期,降低了培训成本。     

Product information visualization and augmentation in collaborative design

In this paper, a collaborative system for product information visualization and augmentation is presented. The developed system allows the users, who can be remotely distributed, to view a product model, which is a geometric representation of the product, from different perspectives. They can choose to view design and product history, such as previous modification processes and feature information of the product independently. The product models displayed to the users are immediately updated after any design modifications have been made to the CAD model. Product features being discussed can be highlighted to draw the users’ attention. In addition, modifications can be displayed dynamically for the users to evaluate the design effect. The product history document module in the system provides a user-friendly interface for retrieving design records. After a specific record has been chosen, the related product model is displayed, and it can be aligned with the current product model for the ease of comparison and evaluation. The feature information of the product is displayed using virtual “floating” annotations linked to the related features. A user interface to enter annotations is provided, and the annotations entered by different users can be shared in real time. A cluster-based greedy algorithm is implemented to avoid overlapping annotations in the field of view.     

三维动漫制作与虚拟现实结合技术研究

基于为高校三维动漫教学提供良好的教学技术和实验平台,研究了三维动漫制作与虚拟现实技术相结合的方法,采用三维计算机图形技术CG(Computer Graphics)、影像技术和运动捕捉系统,实现高质量高效率的三维动漫制作。介绍了将动漫技术、虚拟现实VR(Virtual Reality)设备和网络技术相整合的交互动漫虚拟环境建设方案。     

计算机虚拟现实技术在公路设计中的应用

利用计算机进行交通虚拟现实是当今研究交通问题的一种重要手段。交通虚拟现实技术是在经验研究和数学方法的基础上,利用现代系统工程和计算机虚拟现实技术成果发展起来的新的交通研究方法。由于虚拟现实技术可有效地体现交通系统中交通运行的复杂过程,可按试验要求实现交通状况的再现,大大降低了现场调查的工作量,现己成为分析各种交通流、检验各种拟定交通设施、交通控制方案的有力工具。     

基于Internet的可视化协同设计系统的研究与应用

协同虚拟环境是计算机支持的协同工作与虚拟现实相结合的产物,它使协同工作的人们能以最自然的方式进行合作成为了可能。利用现有普通的Internet软硬件条件,提出了一个运行于Internet上的基于协同虚拟环境的技术方案,结合了VRML与JAVA各自的技术特点,构建了以虚拟现实为交互手段的协同工作系统,来支持人们跨Internet的、基于图解思考的可视化协同分析与设计工作。     

Enhancing empathy instruction using a collaborative virtual learning environment for children with autistic spectrum conditions

Empathy is an essential part of normal social function that people with autism spectrum conditions (ASCs) lack. This study uses the intervention of enhancing empathy via 3D animated scenarios of empathy in a virtual learning environment to help those deficient in empathy. Specifically, this study explores the understanding of empathy, perspective-taking and the performance of understanding of empathy via a collaborative virtual learning environment (CVLE) - empathy system. The study, which used CVLE - 3D empathy systems and three participants diagnosed with ASCs, conducted multiple baseline research for evidence of improved understanding of empathy via system usage. This experimental study lasted 5 months and the experimental results indicate that using the CVLE 3D empathy system had significant and positive effects on participant use of empathy, both within the CVLE 3D empathy system and in terms of maintaining learning in understanding empathy.     

基于虚拟展厅的学生作品展示系统设计与实现

在分析学生图像作品与动画作品展示方式的基础上,基于虚拟现实技术与Unity3D开发工具,设计并完成了一个基于虚拟展厅的学生作品展示系统。重点论述了利用3ds Max进行虚拟展厅的模型制作和利用Photoshop进行虚拟展厅的贴图制作,利用Unity3D平台完成虚拟展厅的第一人称自由浏览的交互式开发,并对整个开发流程与关键技术进行了探讨。     

Creating shared design thinking process for collaborative design

Shared understanding about both the design content and the design process has significant meaning for collaborative design, which influences the quality of final products. Existing approaches have difficulties in supporting designers to structure and share their design thinking while they are performing practical tasks. In this paper we propose Shared Design Thinking Process Model (S-DTPM) to support collaborative design, which is based on co-evolutionary design theory and existing design rationale frameworks. Two principles for S-DTPM have been considered. The elements and representation schema of S-DTPM have been discussed in detail. Based on S-DTPM, a prototype system has been developed for supporting collaborative thinking and capturing shared design rationale. An example, collaborative design is taken to validate the proposed model. S-DTPM can help designers to create shared understanding about the design as well as record shared design thinking process for future use such as design review, design change and redesign.     

基于3D GIS无人直升机地面站系统软件设计与实现

为了实现无人直升机地面站系统的空间数据处理、三维可视化和导航的功能,提出了基于3D GIS无人直升机地面站系统软件设计及其实现的方法.首先对无人直升机的整体系统框架进行说明,然后对地面站系统的软件框架设计和各个功能模块做了详细的分析,在此基础上重点分析了利用World Wind Java软件开发包来实现3D GIS导航的过程.整个地面站软件系统使用Java语言编写,嵌入3DGIS.最后以实例证明了该地面站系统软件的可行性,并且具有良好的可移植性和可扩充性.     

对基于虚拟现实训练系统的低成本3D声音系统评估

在基于PC的虚拟训练系统中,3D的声音仿真能够大幅度的提高VR系统的能力.然而,现实的3D仿真非常昂贵,而且计算混响,阻塞和延时效果需要配置具有强大运算能力的系统.因此,必须提供一个低成本的方案,使其能在更广的范围内得到应用.对一个低成本3D声音仿真系统的评测进行了重点阐述.实验设置基于常规的立体声耳机和一个可跟踪的头戴式设备,实验中使用不同信号在虚拟训练环境中来定位声音,最后从精度和速度来表述实验结果.     

Web3D技术及新一代标准X3D

阐述了实现Web3D的关键技术及应用前景,VRML97失败的原因,新一代标准X3D的特点和关键技术。     

A desktop virtual reality-based interactive modular fixture configuration design system

Modular fixture configuration design is a complicated task requiring strong professional background and practical experience. However, automated or semi-automated computer aided modular fixture systems based on CAD packages still are not well accepted by the manufacturing industry due to the lack of intuitive interaction and immediate feedback compared with traditional models such as paper and physical models. In this paper, a novel Virtual Reality-based system for interactive modular fixture configuration design is presented. We use a multi-view based modular fixture assembly model to assist information representation and management. In addition, the suggested strategy is compatible with the principles of virtual environment and it is easy to reutilize the element model. Based on geometric constraints, we propose a precise 3D manipulation approach to improve intuitive interaction and accurate 3D positioning of fixture components in virtual space. Thus, the modular fixture configuration design task can precisely be performed in virtual space.