混凝土填充圆形钢管柱的试验性能

对自密实混凝土和普通混凝土填充圆形钢管柱在集中荷载下的破坏形态进行了研究。对比了4种测量试件轴心变形的方法。采用17个试件试验来分析混凝土强度、有凹口的洞或孔、不同加载条件对柱的极限承载力以及荷载变形曲线的影响。讨论了这些短柱在约束条件下的性能。 对于全截面承载的构件,不同规格的应变仪能够记录钢管应变;有一定量程的电子位移传感器可以记录轴向位移。采用高强混凝土时,对于全截面承载试件,极限承载力显著增加,但是,破坏后的残余力几乎恒定。然而,一旦钢管带凹口,试件的轴向压缩刚度减少;在某些情况下,极限承载力也减低,钢管起到横向限制的作用而不是轴向的约束。对于没有凹口、用普通混凝土和自密实混凝土填充的圆形钢管柱,当试件全截面承载时,欧洲规范4预测出了合理的承载力。     

矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴压承载力

提出一种矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴压承载力计算的新方法。与已有的计算方法不同之处在于,所提出的方法考虑了矩形钢管截面长边、短边对核心混凝土约束作用大小不同的特点,应用基于混凝土真三轴受力试验的破坏准则确定管内核心混凝土的峰值强度;同时,考虑矩形钢管截面长边、短边的竖向强度的差异,分别计算矩形钢管长、短边的竖向强度。应用新方法对56根矩形钢管混凝土柱试件的轴压承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验结果比较表明,两者吻合良好。     

Mechanical performances of concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns with round ends under axial loading

An experimental study of 22 concrete-filled round-ended steel tubular (CFRT) stub columns under axial compression is conducted compared with 4 circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns. The influences of width–thickness ratio, concrete strength, steel yield strength and wall-thickness of steel tube on the ultimate bearing capacity of the CFRT columns are discussed. The 3D finite element (FE) model is also developed to analyze the behavior of the CFRT columns under axial compression. From the results, local buckling of the round-ended steel tube associated with shear failure of in-filled concrete could be observed. With the increasing width–thickness ratio, the corresponding load–strain curves have a shorter elastic–plastic stage. The parametric studies indicate that the concrete strength, tube thickness and width–thickness ratio of the steel tube also have a great effect on the ultimate bearing capacity. The numerical results also show that the confinement effect of the stub columns decreases with the increasing width–thickness ratio. A practical calculation formula for the bearing capacity of the CFRT stub columns is proposed, which is well in agreement with the experimental results.     

带约束拉杆方钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能试验研究

进行了10个带约束拉杆和5个不设约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土短柱轴心受压构件的试验研究。主要研究参数为约束拉杆直径和间距、钢管厚度、钢材强度等。试验研究表明,在轴心压力作用下,方形钢管混凝土短柱在设置了约束拉杆后,能有效改善横截面周边中部钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用,延迟或避免钢管在应力达到屈服强度前发生失稳性的局部屈曲而导致构件的过早破坏,从而使方形钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力和延性均有较大幅度的提高。同时,应用现有规范及规程有关方形钢管混凝土承载力计算公式,对带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土轴压试件承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验结果相比较为保守。     

Suggested empirical models for the axial capacity of circular CFT stub columns

In this paper, a total of 250 experimental tests of axially loaded circular concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) stub columns, published in the literature was summarized. The applicability of the current design codes such as ACI, Australian Standards, AISC, AIJ, Eurocode 4, DL/T and some available empirical models proposed by various researchers for calculating the axial capacity of circular CFT stub columns was examined using these experimental data. Based on the investigations, four new empirical models for predicting the axial capacity of circular CFT stub columns are proposed. The comparisons between the experimental results and the predictions of these models show that the proposed empirical models provide a direct, compact, and efficient representation of the ultimate strength of circular CFT stub columns made with not only normal strength but also high strength steel tubes and concrete. Finally, the limiting values of the maximum effective length, the compressive strength of concrete, the yield strength of steel tubes and the diameter-to-thickness for circular CFT stub columns with respect to the present empirical models are suggested. It is expected that engineers can easily use the present empirical models to estimate the axial capacities of circular CFT stub columns for engineering designs.     

Behavior of thin walled steel tube confined concrete stub columns subjected to axial local compression

The behavior of thin walled steel tube confined concrete (STCC) stub columns subjected to axial local compression was experimentally investigated in this paper. A total of 46 specimens, including 36 STCC specimens and 10 plain concrete specimens, were tested. The main parameters varied in the tests are: (1) sectional types: circular and square; (2) local compression area ratio (concrete cross-sectional area to local compression area): from 1 to 25; (3) steel tube width (or diameter)-to-wall thickness ratio, B(or D)/t, from 52.1 to 104.7. It was found that the ultimate bearing strength of the composite sections decreases with increase local compression area ratio. The confinement action of the steel tube to core concrete and the ultimate strength of the locally loaded STCC specimens decrease with increase in steel tube width (or diameter)-to-thickness ratio. It was also found that, generally, circular steel tubes have higher confinement to their concrete core than those of the tubes with square sections when the composite members are subjected to axially local compression.     

CFRP-钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能

对8根碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）短柱和4根CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）短柱进行了轴压试验,分析了CFRP约束效应系数、钢管截面形式以及钢管受力性能对CFRP-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）轴压短柱力学性能的影响。结果表明:CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力提高率随着约束效应系数的增加呈指数形式增长;在柱核心混凝土截面面积相同时,CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力比CFRP-方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-STCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力高50%以上;在弹性工作阶段,CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）柱的弹性模量高于CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的弹性模量;CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的极限承载力高于CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土柱的极限承载力;CFRP与钢管黏结良好时,CFRP与钢管能够协同工作。     

不同圆心角圆端形钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能

为研究圆心角60°和120°圆端形钢管混凝土短柱轴压力学性能,对4个圆端形钢管混凝土短柱进行轴压试验,探究不同圆心角和宽厚比对其极限承载力的影响。基于试验结果,应用有限元软件ABAQUS进行三维实体建模,对圆端形钢管混凝土短柱进行参数分析,研究了钢材强度、混凝土强度、宽厚比、高宽比、尺寸效应等对极限承载力的影响。基于参数分析,建立圆心角为60°和120°圆端形钢管混凝土短柱极限承载力实用计算公式。结果表明:破坏形态均为局部屈曲破坏,且平直段区域均出现局部屈曲现象; 随圆心角增大,构件极限承载力增大; 随宽厚比增大,极限承载力呈现下降趋势; 当圆弧段圆心角从60°增大至120°时,强度指标降低,表明整体约束效应减弱; 圆端形钢管混凝土轴压短柱的整体约束效应随圆心角增大而减小; 随着钢材强度、混凝土强度的增大和构件宽厚比的减小,极限承载力逐渐增大; 不同圆心角的尺寸效应对其极限承载力与初始刚度的影响类似,随着构件尺寸增大,极限承载力与初始刚度均呈现增大的趋势。     

圆钢管约束超高性能混凝土短柱轴压受力性能研究

为研究钢管约束超高性能混凝土（UHPC）短柱的套箍效应和轴压承载力,进行了12根钢管约束超高性能混凝土短柱的轴压试验,分析其破坏模式、变形及受力全过程。试验结果表明：钢管约束超高性能混凝土轴压短柱破坏模式与套箍系数相关,随着套箍系数的增大,轴压短柱分别出现剪切破坏、混合破坏和腰鼓破坏;套箍系数较小（0.43~0.52）的短柱,其破坏全过程中弹塑性段较短,表现出较明显的脆性破坏,当套箍系数较大（1.21~1.80）时,短柱破坏时的塑性明显增强。基于试验验证的有限元模型,参数分析表明,钢管套箍效应产生的承载力提高系数介于1.2~1.4之间;在0.43≤ξ≤1.08范围内,承载力提高系数随套箍系数增大而增大,建议径厚比的取值范围为12.0~23.0。通过对现有钢管约束混凝土承载力计算方法分析,提出了钢管约束超高性能混凝土轴压短柱承载力计算方法,其计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

Eccentric load behavior of L-shaped CFT stub columns with binding bars

This paper is concerned with the eccentric load behavior of L-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns with binding bars. Eight specimens with binding bars and one without binding bars were tested to examine the effects of horizontal spacing and diameter of binding bars, load eccentricity ratio, and load angle on the failure modes, bearing capacity and ductility of L-shaped CFT stub columns. Experimental results demonstrate that the local buckling of the steel tube can be postponed by setting binding bars, and the bearing capacity and curvature ductility of the L-shaped CFT stub columns are at most 1.04 and 3.31 times those without binding bars, respectively, and the plane section assumption can also be satisfied. Based on a modified stress–strain relationship of confined concrete, the fiber element analysis is applied to predict the bearing capacity of the specimens, and the predicted results agree well with the experimental ones. Then the parametric studies using the proposed theoretical model are carried out to further study the fundamental behavior of eccentrically loaded L-shaped CFT stub columns with various steel yield strengths, sectional steel ratios, cube strengths of concrete, confinement coefficients of binding bars, sectional aspect ratios and load angles. Finally, simplified interaction formulas are put forward to predict the M_x/M_x′–M_y/M_y′ curves for the L-shaped CFT stub columns with or without binding bars subjected to biaxial eccentric load, and the theoretical results predicted by the simplified formulas agree well with those predicted by the fiber element analysis program.     

带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力计算

在试验的基础上,分析了带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱的受力机理,将带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱划分成一个方形和两个带约束拉杆的矩形钢管混凝土短柱,提出了轴压下带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱的承载力计算公式,并结合试验数据确定了计算公式中的参数。用建议计算公式对有关试件进行计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

冻融循环-酸雨锈蚀交替作用后圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱力学性能分析

基于材料强度折减及钢管壁厚折减的方法,对冻融循环-酸雨锈蚀交替作用后圆钢管混凝土轴压力学性能采用有限元法进行了研究。基于合理的有限元分析模型,对冻融循环-酸雨锈蚀交替作用后圆钢管混凝土柱的破坏模态、轴向荷载-位移关系、钢管与混凝土相互作用进行了分析,研究了含钢率、截面尺寸、钢管屈服强度、混凝土轴心抗压强度以及冻融循环-酸雨交替次数对试件轴压极限承载力的影响。结果表明:有限元模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了模型的有效性; 冻融循环-酸雨锈蚀交替作用后轴压圆钢管混凝土短柱的破坏模态与普通试件相似,轴向荷载-位移曲线变化趋势一致,试件均为塑性破坏; 圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱随冻融循环-酸雨锈蚀交替次数的增加,材料性能劣化严重,外钢管对核心混凝土约束作用减弱,试件极限承载力明显下降。     

带预应力约束拉杆R-CFT短柱轴压性能试验研究

为了解约束拉杆预拉力对矩形钢管混凝土短柱受力性能的影响,进行了3个带预应力约束拉杆短柱轴压试验和另外2个对比试验,对比试验试件中1个不带约束拉杆,1个带普通约束拉杆。预应力约束拉杆和普通约束拉杆均由M20高强度螺栓组成,作为普通约束拉杆的高强度螺栓,在构件受轴向压力前与钢管壁焊接成一体;作为预应力约束拉杆的高强度螺栓,在构件受轴向压力前通过扭紧螺帽产生预拉力,然后与钢管壁焊接成一体,由拉杆预拉力对钢管壁和核心混凝土进行预压。试验结果表明,设置约束拉杆后,构件的承载力提高,轴向变形能力增强;与普通约束拉杆相比,预应力约束拉杆能减小构件最大荷载时的变形,但对构件承载能力和后期变形能力影响不大;减小预应力约束拉杆的横向间距,可有效减小构件最大荷载时的轴向变形,提高构件前期刚度,但对构件承载力影响不明显;在截面宽度和拉杆数量不变的情况下,随着截面长宽比的增加,构件后期变形能力减小。     

Mechanical behavior of stirrup-confined circular concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns under axial loading

通过井字形拉筋、米字形拉筋和圆环箍筋等3组拉筋约束形式带拉筋圆钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能对比试验,研究不同拉筋约束形式、拉筋体积配箍率对圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力和延性等的影响;采用合理的混凝土三轴受力本构模型和钢材本构模型,应用ABAQUS非线性有限元分析软件对带拉筋圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱进行三维有限元分析,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合较好;在此基础上,分析了带拉筋圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱中钢管、拉筋或箍筋、核心混凝土之间的组合作用。结果表明：井字形拉筋圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力最高,延性最好,钢管、拉筋和核心混凝土之间的组合作用最强;提高体积配箍率可以有效提高圆钢管混凝土短柱的轴压承载力和延性。     

带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱偏压试验研究

在钢板中部设置具有约束钢板外凸变形作用的水平拉杆,是改善异形钢管混凝土柱力学性能的有效方法。通过8个带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土偏压短柱试件的试验研究,分析了不同约束拉杆设置、偏心率以及荷载角下带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱的偏压性能。试验结果表明：约束拉杆延迟了钢管局部屈曲的发生,有助于L形钢管混凝土偏压短柱的承载力和延性的提高;临近或达到极限承载力后近力侧拉杆和钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用明显;偏心受压下该柱的截面应变符合平截面假定。基于带约束拉杆L形钢管内核心混凝土的等效单轴本构关系,利用纤维模型法对试件偏压极限承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。利用该数值方法对带约束拉杆L形钢管混凝土短柱的偏压性能进行参数研究。分析结果表明：钢材屈服强度、含钢率越大,N/N_u-M/M_u相关曲线向内收拢;混凝土强度和拉杆约束系数越大,N/N_u-M/M_u相关曲线向外凸出。图12表4参11     

圆CFRP-钢复合管约束高强混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

为研究圆CFRP-钢复合管约束高强混凝土短柱轴压受力性能,进行了6个CFRP-钢复合管约束高强混凝土（CFRP-steel composite tubed high-strength concrete,C-STC）柱和2个CFRP约束高强混凝土（CFRP-confined high-strength concrete,CC）柱、1个钢管约束高强混凝土（steel tubed high-strength concrete,STC）柱对比试件的轴压试验研究,得到了试件轴向荷载-位移曲线和CFRP及钢管的应变。结果表明：C-STC柱在轴压荷载作用下发生剪切破坏;约束模式对其前期刚度影响较小,相同CFRP层数的C-STC柱和CC柱的荷载-位移曲线第二线性段斜率近似相等;随着CFRP层数增多,短柱承载力和变形能力均能得到提高;钢管应力分析表明,STC柱钢管在峰值荷载附近屈服,C-STC柱钢管约在荷载-位移曲线第二线性段起点处屈服,钢材强度得到充分发挥。结合试验结果对已有文献中约束混凝土强度计算模型进行验证,并给出了建议的C-STC柱承载力计算式。     

自密实钢管混凝土的研究与应用

采用自密实混凝土作为钢管核心混凝土．针对钢管混凝土的受力特点和施工工艺．进行自密实混凝土材料的选择和配合比优化。为了确保自密实钢管混凝土的顺利施工和硬化后良好的力学、变形性能，进行了自密实钢管混凝土与普通泵速铜管混凝土拱的现场模拟施工对比试验，以及钢管混凝土短柱的轴心受压对比试验。试验结果表明．自密实混凝土作为钢管核心混凝土，其施工性能明显优于普通泵送混凝土。在施工过程中不泌水、不离析。硬化的混凝土能在各截面上均匀分布；自密实钢管混凝土短柱的组合弹性模量、极限承载力和延性以及后期承载能力方面均与普通泵送混凝土短柱相似。在此基础上．成功地将自密实混凝土应用于莆田市一钢管混凝土拱桥工程，应用结果表明，采用自密实混凝土技术，钢管混凝土拱桥施工顺利、快捷。且更好地保证了工程质量，同时混凝土材料造价与普通泵送混凝土基本持平。     

圆钢管约束高强混凝土轴压短柱的试验研究与承载力分析

进行6组共18个圆钢管约束高强混凝土短柱在循环或单调轴压荷载作用下的试验研究。试验中的主要参数为混凝土强度(fcu=88.14～94.17)和钢管径厚比(D/t=21.62～43.01)。试验结果表明,圆钢管约束高强混凝土短柱的轴压承载力高于同条件的普通钢管混凝土构件,但两种构件的延性无显著差异;随钢管中纵向应力的降低,构件的轴压承载力提高。对构件的应力分析结果表明,圆钢管约束高强混凝土轴压短柱的峰值荷载点对应于钢管的屈服点。在应力分析结果的基础上建立圆钢管约束混凝土的轴压承载力公式,公式结果与试验结果吻合较好。基于试验结果对Mander约束混凝土模型进行修正,使模型适合于约束高强混凝土。     

方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力有限元分析

利用有限元软件ABAQUS对方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力进行非线性分析,建立了适用于有限元分析的钢管和再生混凝土本构关系模型;利用极限平衡法推导方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力计算公式函数类型;利用计算结果拟合出方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力的计算公式。研究结果表明:所提出的材料本构关系模型可以较好地满足对方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力进行模拟分析的要求,通过模拟获得的计算结果与相关试验结果差异较小,所建立的方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压承载力计算公式能够较准确地计算构件极限承载力。     

Behavior and strength of tubed RC stub columns under axial compression

This paper presents an experimental and analytical study on the behavior of axially compressed tubed RC stub columns. Forty specimens including twenty circular tubed RC (STRC) and twenty square tubed RC (STRC) stub columns were tested to investigate the failure mode and axial load strength of tubed RC columns subjected to axial compression. The effect of diameter/width to thickness ratio of the tubes and compressive strength of concrete were also studied. The effect of height to diameter/width ratio of the separated tube in tubed RC columns was studied to investigate the effect of bond and friction between tube and concrete on the behavior of tubed RC columns. Elastic–plastic analysis on the steel tube was employed to study the mechanism of tubed RC stub columns subjected to axial compression. Equations for the prediction of the ultimate axial load strength of tubed RC stub columns were proposed and the results from prediction were compared with the test results.