高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘

为了测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘,考察了萃取条件、弗罗里硅土净化条件和色谱分离条件,建立了测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的高效液相色谱-荧光检测法,并采用该方法和国标法测定了肯塔基参考卷烟3R4F和国内参比烤烟以及国内50个牌号卷烟样品烟气中的苯并[a]芘。结果表明:①用环己烷超声萃取40 min效果较好;②用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse PAH作色谱柱,乙腈和水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速2.0 mL/min,30 min内苯并[a]芘色谱峰可以和杂质峰有效分开;③该法的平均回收率在98.13%～101.36%之间,RSD在1.29%～4.32%之间;④该方法的测定结果与国标法较为一致,二者不存在显著性差异。该方法适合卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的检测。     

卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的测定方法研究

确立了一种简单、快速且精密度和准确度都较高的分析卷烟主流烟气苯并[a]芘的方法,并应用于不同牌号的市售卷烟样品的检测.该方法是用甲醇溶液提取主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘,提取液用SPE C18固相萃取小柱净化后,以环己烷洗脱后浓缩,在高效液相色谱上用Inertsil ODS-PC18柱分离,荧光检测器检测.     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘

为准确、快速地测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的含量,建立了液相色谱-大气压光电离-串联质谱测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的方法。方法对助剂流速、萃取溶剂、烟支数和色谱质谱测定的条件进行了优化,结果表明,当甲苯流速为80μL/min,环己烷作为萃取溶剂,Agilent PAH(100 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)作为色谱柱,95%的乙腈和5%的水为流动相,色谱柱温度为40℃,方法检出限为0.15 ng/m L,苯并[a]芘回收率100%~107%,相对标准偏差小于10%,分析时间为6 min,与现行的GC-MS测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的国家标准方法相比大大缩短了分析时间。该方法具有灵敏度高、分析时间短等优点,可以显著地提高分析的通量。     

卷烟烟气中稠环芳烃的分析研究

本项研究建立了一种测定卷烟烟气中稠环芳烃的分析方法--气质联用法。优化了方法的前处理过程、仪器分析条件,对分析方法的重复性、回收率、检测限进行了研究。确定了环己烷萃取卷烟烟气总粒相物中的稠环芳烃,萃取液经硅胶固相萃取柱净化,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量检测苯并[a]芘、苯并[a]蒽和Chrysene 3种稠环芳烃含量的分析方法。该检测方法设计合理,稳定性和重复性好、准确性和精确性高,具有较好的可操作性和推广性。本项目应用该方法对国内外较有代表性的81种卷烟样品中苯并[a]芘、苯并[a]蒽和Chrysene进行了系统的分析测定,研究了国内外混合型与烤烟型卷烟中苯并[a]芘等稠环芳烃含量分布的规律,讨论了卷烟烟气中苯并[a]芘、苯并[a]蒽和Chrysene之间的含量关系及其与总粒相物、焦油的关系。      

卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的HPLC测定

先用乙醇 +乙醚混合溶剂萃取卷烟烟气总粒相物 (TPM) ,再用中性氧化铝柱层析 ,然后 ,利用配有ODS -C18色谱柱的高效液相色谱仪 ,在以 90 %甲醇 + 10 %水为流动相 ,流速为 1mL min ,激发波长 2 86nm和发射波长 4 30nm的条件下测定了TPM中的苯并 [a]芘含量。苯并 [a]芘的回收率≥ 91.2 % ,方法的RSD <5 %。并采用该方法测定了 10种不同焦油量卷烟主流烟气中的苯并 [a]芘含量。结果表明 ,就所测定的卷烟而言 ,①在焦油量相近的情况下 ,混合型卷烟烟气中的苯并 [a]芘含量较烤烟型卷烟的低 8.2 9%～ 19.5 9% ;②无论是烤烟型还是混合型卷烟 ,随着卷烟焦油量的降低 ,虽然焦油中的苯并[a]芘总量明显降低 ,但单位量焦油中的苯并 [a]芘含量却明显增大。     

气质联用法测定卷烟侧流烟气中苯并[a]芘

建立了采用气相色谱/质谱联用法分析卷烟侧流烟气中苯并[a]芘的分析方法.该方法使用配有鱼尾罩的侧流吸烟机抽吸卷烟,鱼尾罩附着的苯并[a]芘采用甲醇洗脱,洗脱液中的甲醇在N2保护下加热至80℃挥发完,然后加入捕集了侧流烟气总粒相物的玻璃纤维滤片,采用环己烷超声萃取苯并[a]芘,萃取液苯并[a]芘浓度采用气相色谱/质谱联用...     

离子液体富集-GC/MS法测定卷烟主流烟气中的3种PAHs

为快速准确测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]蒽、■、苯并[a]芘(Bap),建立了离子液体富集-GC/MS法测定卷烟主流烟气中该3种多环芳烃(PAHs)的方法。优化了提取、富集和反萃取条件,并利用该法检测了28个卷烟样品。结果表明:①最佳条件为甲醇超声提取40 min、离子液体(1-己基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐)[C_6MIM][PF_6]用量800μL、水20 mL、离子液体富集时间2 min、环己烷反萃取时间5 min;②PAHs工作曲线的线性相关系数为0.9989-0.999 9,检出限为0.15-0.49μg/L,定量限为0.50-1.64μg/L,加标回收率为81.24%-113.40%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均≤5.0%;③测定结果与行业标准方法无显著性差异。该方法快速准确,显著降低了有机溶剂的消耗量,适合卷烟烟气总粒相物中苯并[a]蒽、■、苯并[a]芘的分析。     

石墨烯纳米材料对卷烟主流烟气苯并[a]芘和苯酚的降低作用研究

研究了石墨烯纳米材料对卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘和苯酚释放量的影响作用。将石墨烯纳米材料用作卷烟滤棒的添加剂制备了石墨烯纳米-醋酸纤维二元复合滤棒并制备卷烟制品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用法和高效液相色谱法,对添加石墨烯纳米材料前后卷烟样品主流烟气中苯并[a]芘和苯酚含量进行检测,结果表明:石墨烯纳米材料对苯并[a]芘和苯酚释放量具有明显的选择性降低作用且时效性较长;石墨烯纳米材料对苯并[a]芘的降低幅度可达31.3%,对苯酚的降低幅度可达32.8%;卷烟的物理指标不因石墨烯的添加发生明显变化,且能够保持卷烟原有的吸味风格。     

卷烟烟气焦油量与某些代表性致癌物含量的分析

测定了不同牌号卷烟烟气焦油量与烟气中的 3,4-苯并 [a]芘、N -亚硝胺等致癌物含量。结果发现 ,市售不同牌号卷烟烟气焦油量与致癌物含量各不相同 ,而对于某一特定牌号卷烟来说 ,焦油量降低后 ,焦油中 3,4-苯并 [a]芘含量相应降低 ;滤嘴对这些致癌物有较高的截留效果。     

PTV-GC/MS-SIM法检测卷烟烟气中的B[a]P

采用程序升温汽化(programmed temperature vaporization,PTV)大体积进样与气相色谱-质谱选择离子扫描模式(GC/MS-SIM)联用,检测了卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘(benzo[a]pyrene B[a]P),优化了PTV-GC/MS-SIM检测卷烟烟气B[a]P的参数。样品经反相C18固相萃取柱(solid-phase extraction,SPE)纯化后的洗脱液不再需要浓缩,直接应用PTV技术进样,提高了洗脱液的利用率,缩短了分析时间,提高了GC/MS-SIM检测卷烟烟气B[a]P的灵敏度。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the