ZK60镁合金异步降温轧制显微组织与力学性能的演变（英文）

将异步降温轧制应用于制造沿轧制方向具有弱基面织构的细晶ZK60镁合金板。结果表明,多道次降温轧制可以显著改善显微结构的均匀性,细化晶粒尺寸。同时,在轧制过程中逐渐形成沿横向的纤维织构。重要的是,沿轧向的剪切变形使基面的c轴向轧向旋转,削弱沿此方向的基面织构。受这种显微结构变化的影响,由于连续的晶粒细化和柱面滑移的增加,沿横向的屈服强度持续增加,而由于应变硬化能力的下降,均匀伸长率下降。相反,沿轧向的基面织构的持续减弱大大抵消晶粒细化所带来的强化效果,从而导致屈服强度的轻微下降。     

Zr-4合金板材冷轧过程材料变形晶体塑性分析与织构演变

选取厚度为3.6mm具有典型双峰织构的Zr-4合金板材,利用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）技术对板材冷轧后的织构进行表征,利用粘塑性自洽（VPSC）模型对板材冷轧后的变形机理进行分析。VPSC模型预测了轧制道次数量、每道次压下量以及总变形量对冷轧织构以及变形机理的影响规律,结果表明Zr-4合金板材在冷轧后,织构保持典型的基面双峰织构;轧制道次数、单道次压下量对冷轧后的织构以及变形机理无明显影响;总变形量对冷轧后的织构有明显影响,随着轧制总变形量减小,大部分晶粒的c轴由法向（ND）向宽向（TD）转动;当变形量低于临近变形量39%时,法向科恩系数（Fn）随着变形量的增大而快速增大,柱面滑移开启快速降低,当变形量超过39%时,法向科恩系数（Fn）的增长趋于平缓,柱面滑移的开启趋于稳定。     

退火温度对轧制变形镁锂合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究冷轧(压下量75%)及150、200、250和300 ℃等温退火1 h后Mg-8Li-1Al-0.5Sn合金的组织演变、力学性能以及变形机理。结果发现,合金伸长率随退火温度升高先增加再降低。退火温度为200 ℃时,合金伸长率达到最佳,为40%,相较冷轧态,强度无弱化表现,为212 MPa,伸长率提高24.4%。合金塑性的提升主要是由于退火促进合金内α相由带条状向竹节状转变,缓解应力集中,同时促进β相发生静态再结晶和晶粒细化。此外,α相轧制织构在退火过程中发生角度偏转,保留了有利于滑移的{1010}晶面织构,也对合金伸长率的提升起到促进作用。     

形变细化晶粒和润滑轧制对Ni-9.3at.%W合金基带立方织构形成的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线四环衍射(XRD)技术、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术分析研究了形变细化晶粒、润滑轧制对Ni-9.3at.%W(Ni9.3W)合金基带立方织构形成的影响。结果表明,采用形变细化晶粒的方法能有效提高Ni9.3W合金基带的立方织构含量,并且随着初始形变量的增加,晶粒细化程度越大,立方织构含量越高,采用优化的形变细化晶粒工艺使得Ni9.3W合金基带立方织构含量提高了9.8%。另外,增加形变细化晶粒后的轧制总变形量,立方织构含量进一步提升了24.7%,根据以上结果,确定了初始坯锭制备阶段的参数。在此基础上,研究了轧制变形的润滑与非润滑对立方织构形成的影响,相比非润滑轧制而言,采用润滑轧制,轧制织构中获得了较多的S取向与Copper取向,经再结晶退火后,润滑轧制基带的立方织构含量比非润滑轧制基带的立方织构含量高9.6%,达到了86.7%(<15°),而且孪晶界数量、小角度晶界含量均要优于非润滑轧制,说明润滑轧制对立方织构形成有着积极的影响。     

Effect of Vanadium Nitride (VN) Particles on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded AZ31 Mg Alloy

The effect of vanadium nitride (VN) particles additives on microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded AZ31 Mg alloy was systematically investigated. The experimental results revealed that the addition of 0.5 wt% VN decreased the average grain size of AZ31 Mg alloy from 6.4 to 4.9 µm. With the increase in VN content, the refining effect would weaken because excessive VN particles would negatively affect the dynamic recrystallization process of the alloys. The scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy indicated that AlN, VN and Al-V-N particles with different morphologies were distributed in the streamline along the extrusion direction during the extrusion process. The mechanical properties of AZ31 Mg alloy vary with the addition of VN. The extruded AZ31 + 0.5 wt% VN Mg alloy possesses an excellent combination of high strength and ductility. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the extruded AZ31 + 0.5 wt% VN Mg alloy were increased without sacrificing ductility. This is mainly due to the grain refinement caused by double-heterogeneous nucleation particles. With a further increase in VN content, the presence of excessive VN particles increases the stress concentration, and the initiation source of microcracks in the alloy during alloy deformation makes the cracks more easily propagated and results in a decrease in the ductility of the extruded alloy.     

Improving significantly the failure strain and work hardening response of LPSO-strengthened Mg-Y-Zn-Al alloy via hot extrusion speed control

The effect of hot extrusion speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of MgY_1.06Zn_0.76Al_0.42 (at%) alloy strengthened by the novel long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase was systematically investigated. Increase in the speed of extrusion accelerated dynamic recrystallization of α-Mg via particle-stimulated nucleation and grain growth in the alloy. The intensive recrystallization and grain growth events weakened the conventional basal texture and Hall-Petch strengthening in the alloy which led to significant improvement in its failure strain from 4.9% to 19.6%. The critical strengthening contribution from LPSO phase known for attributing high strength to the alloy was observed to be greatly undermined by the parallel competition from texture weakening and the adverse Hall-Petch effect when the alloy was extruded at higher speed. Absence of work hardening interestingly observed in the alloy extruded at lower speed was discussed in terms of its ultra-fine grained microstructure which promoted the condition of steady-state defect density in the alloy; where dislocation annihilation balances out the generation of new dislocations during plastic deformation. One approach to improve work hardening response of the alloy to prevent unstable deformation and abrupt failure in service is to increase the grain diameter in the alloy by judiciously increasing the extrusion speed.     

多道次轧制不同变形量对铜镍合金管材组织和性能的影响

采用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）技术对冷轧后铜镍合金管材的组织进行分析。通过对第二道次冷轧不同变形量（3.19%、9.57%、19.37%、23.97%、31.78%）的C71500铜镍合金在管材轧制后的显微硬度、抗拉伸性能、微观组织、织构及其含量变化的研究,揭示该合金织构的变化规律。通过对铜镍合金管材晶界、织构的变化及晶粒尺寸进行分析,揭示了变形量与变形储存能的量化关系,这种关系可以通过小角度晶界的比例更直观地体现出来。随着加工率的增加,铜镍合金的屈服强度、抗拉伸强度和维氏显微硬度均呈现上升的趋势,而合金的塑性则呈现下降的趋势。研究结果为合理选择变形量以及形成特殊晶界的热力学提供依据,同时为后续铜镍合金管材的变形加工提供理论依据。     

Effects of die angle on microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing

1　INTRODUCTIONMagnesiumalloysarethelightestmetallicstruc turalmaterialsandhencetheyprovidegreatpotentialintheweightsavingofautomotiveandaerospacecomponents ,materialhandlingequipment ,portabletoolsandevensportinggoods[1,2 ] .Duetotheirhexago nalclose packed (HCP)crystalstructure ,magnesiumalloysperform poorformabilityandlimitedductilityatroomtemperature ,thustheirproductsaremainlyfabricatedbycasting ,inparticular ,die casting ,andtheapplicationsofwroughtmagnesiumalloysarelim ited .Nowit…     

轧制工艺对N36锆合金带材微观结构的影响

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等方法,对不同轧制工艺制备的N36锆合金带材中的第二相、晶粒尺寸和微观织构进行了研究。结果表明,锆合金带材中织构主要以{0001}$\bar{1}2\bar{1}0$和{0001}$01\bar{1}0$两类基面织构为主,第二相粒子主要为HCP型Zr(Nb, Fe)₂粒子。在热轧总变形量一致的情况下,热轧工艺道次变形量的变化对最终带材的晶粒尺寸和微观织构影响不大,但是对第二相粒子的尺寸有很大影响。热轧过程第一道次变形量越大,最终带材中第二相粒子尺寸越小。在热轧过程中,换向轧制会影响最终带材的织构组成,也会促进锆晶粒的[0001]轴平行于带材的ND方向;同时在带材的轧面(RD-TD 面)上,晶粒的取向性减弱,晶粒取向更加随机。终轧过程中的变形量增大,会使最终带材的晶粒尺寸减小,再结晶程度提高,使得最终带材中{0001}$\bar{1}2\bar{1}0$织构增强,而{0001}$01\bar{1}0$织构减弱。     

AZ31镁合金挤出板降温热轧的组织和织构的演变

研究AZ31镁合金挤出板坯在降温热轧过程中的组织和织构的演变规律.结果表明:退火前滑移和孪生是主要的变形机制和取向硬化机制;退火后长条晶的滑移和细小等轴晶晶界扩散迁移的共同作用成为主要的变形机制;随着压下量的增大,析出物开始破碎和分散,压下量在70%～80%之间时,基面织构组分的取向密度存在突变最大值,形成硬取向较强的{0001}基面织构,软化退火能大幅减弱硬取向;通过一道67%大压下量和一次软化退火可顺利地将AZ31镁合金轧制成厚0.5 mm的薄板.     

Improving single pass reduction during cold rolling by controlling initial texture of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet

The AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets obtained by multi-pass hot rolling were applied to cold rolling and the maximum single pass cold rolling reduction prior to failure of AZ31 magnesium alloy was enhanced to 41%. Larger single pass rolling reduction led to weaker texture during the multi-pass hot rolling procedure. The sheet obtained showed weak basal texture, while the value was only 1/3–1/2 that of general as-rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheets. It was beneficial for the enhancement of further cold rolling formability despite of the coarser grain size. The deformation mechanism for the formation of texture in AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was also analyzed in detail.     

Evolution of microstructure and texture of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape pressing of extruded perform

The micro orientation theological behavior of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape forming of tensile specimens via close-die pressing of extruded preformed and the effect of the press deformation rate on the microstructure characteristics were characterized with electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD) orientation imaging microscopy and metallography. The results indicate that the intensity distribution of basal {0001}<10(1)0 > texture on the cross-section of the extruded perform is uniform and parallel to the extrusion direction. Subjected to pressing in extrusion direction, deformation shear stress leads to grain rotation and basal texture {0001}<10(1)0> deviation from the extrusion direction, spreading in the direction perpendicular to pressing direction. The texture intensity increases with the press deformation rate and reaches its peak value at 50%, which is considerably lower than the value reached in extrusion deformation. Then, the texture intensity decreases with the press deformation rate reversely.     

静态退火对Mg-Gd-Y-Zr挤压合金的微结构与织构影响

本文研究了Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr挤压合金在静态退火过程中的微结构与织构的演变。采用金相显微术、扫描电子显微术、透射电子电子显微术、差热分析仪、XRD织构测试仪及EBSD分析技术表征了合金的晶粒长大、析出相沉淀及织构改变。结果表明,退火初期的晶粒尺寸下降是由再结晶引起的;晶间不均匀变形诱发了晶间的局部析出,继而抑制了再结晶过程。织构分析表明,热挤压产生了常见的基面纤维织构和不常见的柱面纤维织构,即c轴平行于挤压方向;在静态再结晶过程中,新晶粒形核会弱化柱面纤维,而晶粒长大过程会强化柱面纤维。晶界与亚晶界上的大量析出相抑制了织构改变。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Hot-Rolled Mg-2Ag Alloy Prepared with Multi-pass Rolling

A conventional multi-pass rolling is designed to form different microstructures in a Mg-2Ag alloy. The relationship between microstructure and mechanical property is investigated. The result shows that twin-induced nucleation plays a prominent role for the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior of the rolled Mg-2Ag alloys. The DRXed grains distributed around elongated grains have random orientations but gradually turn to the concentrated orientation with strong basal texture when the rolling pass increases. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of rolled Mg-2Ag alloy gradually increase with increasing rolling pass. The elongation of rolled sample is gradually improved when the rolling pass increases from one to three, while a significant drop of elongation shows in the four-pass rolling sample. The strong basal texture, refined grains, high-density dislocations, and Ag segregation along grain boundaries are suggested to play a prominent role for enhancing the strength of Mg-Ag alloys, while the low-density dislocations, homogeneously fine-grained microstructure, and weak texture are critical for improving the ductility.     

冷轧过程中NiPt5合金的结构演变及磁性能

NiPt合金溅射靶材是半导体工业制备NiPtSi接触层的重要原材料。本文对NiPt5合金在冷轧过程中的结构演变及磁性能进行研究。结果表明:NiPt5合金在冷轧过程中微观结构的演变经历位错缠结、位错壁、含小角晶界的拉长亚晶粒、新晶界形成4个阶段。晶粒细化主要是位错的聚集、湮灭和重排所导致。NiPt5的矫顽力随着轧制变形量的增加而增加,这归因于冷轧诱导的缺陷及内应力对畴壁移动的阻碍。剩磁与NiPt5合金择优取向密切相关,(200)织构导致剩磁升高。Ni合金较高的磁各向异性使á200?取向的织构对提高靶材质量十分有利。     

Evolution of Microstructure,Residual Stress,and Tensile Properties of Mg–Zn–Y–La–Zr Magnesium Alloy Processed by Extrusion

The microstructure, texture, residual stress, and tensile properties of Mg–6 Zn–2 Y–1 La–0.5 Zr(wt%) magnesium alloy were investigated before and after extrusion process, which performed at 300 °C and 400 °C. The microstructural characterizations indicated that the as-cast alloy was comprised of α-Mg, Mg–Zn, Mg–Zn–La, and Mg–Zn–Y phases. During homogenization at 400 °C for 24 h, most of the secondary phases exhibited partial dissolution. Extrusion process led to a remarkable grain refi nement due to dynamic recrystallization(DRX). The degree of DRX and the DRXed grain size increased with increasing extrusion temperature. The homogenized alloy did not show a preferential crystallographic orientation, whereas the extruded alloys showed strong basal texture. The extrusion process led to a signifi cant improvement on the compressive residual stress and mechanical properties. The alloy extruded at 300 °C exhibited the highest basal texture intensity, the compressive residual stress and hardness, and yield and tensile strengths among the studied alloys.     

Microstructure and temperature monitoring during the hot rolling of AZ31

This study details the microstructural evolution during hot rolling of AZ31 alloy sheet using a pilot-scale rolling mill. The aim is to understand the deformation mechanisms leading to grain refinement under industrial processing conditions and to design and optimize the hot rolling schedule for AZ31 in order to produce sheet with a fine and homogeneous microstructure. The study examined three different hot rolling temperatures, 350, 400, and 450°C, and two rolling speeds, 20 and 50 rpm. A total thickness reduction of 67% was obtained using multiple passes, with reductions of either 15% or 30% per pass. It was found that the microstructure of the AZ31 alloy was sensitive to the rolling temperature, the reduction (i.e., strain) per pass and the rolling speed (i.e., strain rate). The results show that the large cast grain structure is broken down by segmentation of the cast grain through localized deformation in twin bands, where dynamic recrystallization occurs in these bands as well as at the grain boundaries (necklacing).     

Effect of plane strain on microstructures and texture, through the reduction ratio of AZ31 Mg alloy

Structural evolution of warm-rolled AZ31 alloy sheets was investigated with respect to various reduction ratios. In order to examine the effect of rolling pass on deformation of the sheet, one-pass rolling was applied to the AZ31 alloys for various 6/1/2011reduction ratios. When the applied reduction ratio was ∼85% of the initial thickness, significant grain refinement and texture development were achieved with dynamic recrystallization. Moreover, with the increase of the rolling reduction ratio from 30% to 85%, the warm rolled sheets exhibit plane strain mode displaying uniform 〈0 0 0 1〉//ND basal textures throughout the whole sheet thickness. The two-dimensional finite element method simulation showed that the current lubrication rolling results in a uniform plane strain deformation through the whole warm rolled sheet.     

热挤压态FGH95合金的动态再结晶机制研究

针对热挤压态FGH95合金进行变形温度为1050~1120 ℃、变形量为50%和70%、应变速率为10?4~1 s?1的热压缩试验,研究该合金动态再结晶（DRX）的组织演变和形核机制。结果表明:提高变形温度和降低应变速率可以促进小角度晶界向大角度晶界迁移,有利于动态再结晶晶粒的长大;变形温度和变形量对热挤压态FGH95合金的动态再结晶机理的影响不明显,而应变速率对动态再结晶机制影响较大;随着应变速率的增加,热挤压态FGH95合金由不连续动态再结晶机制逐渐转变为连续动态再结晶机制;热挤压态FGH95合金的动态再结晶以不连续动态再结晶形核机制为主,以连续动态再结晶形核机制为辅;在1050 ℃、1 s?1变形条件下,热挤压态FGH95合金发生连续动态再结晶形核。     

Zr-Sn-Nb新型锆合金板材加工过程中不均匀组织与织构演变

利用XRD,SEM-ECC,TEM和EBSD技术,研究了Zr-Sn-Nb系新型锆合金板材加工过程的微观组织及织构演变.结果表明,β相淬火得到的随机织构经热轧后形成沿横向倾斜的基面织构,随后的加工过程均保留该织构;热轧及两次冷轧后的基面织构都为〈1010〉方向平行于轧向(〈1010〉//RD),而退火后转变为〈1210〉方向平行于轧向(〈1210〉//RD).淬火形成的网状魏氏组织经热轧转变为不均匀形变组织,两次冷轧使组织的不均匀性更显著,最终退火得到完全再结晶组织;轧制形成的难变形晶粒多为晶粒C轴平行于轧板法向(C//ND)的取向;最终退火板材的大晶粒多为〈1210〉//RD的基面织构,小晶粒则以〈1010〉//RD为主.结合锆合金的变形及再结晶机制对轧制时产生的不均匀组织及再结晶过程的织构转变进行了分析.