纳米硅氧多层薄膜低温调控及其发光特性

为了研究硅量子点薄膜在太阳电池中的应用,本文采用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术,低温制备了镶嵌有纳米晶硅(nc-Si)的纳米硅氧多层(nc-SiOx/a-SiOx)薄膜样品。TEM图显示,通过调整nc-SiOx层的厚度,实现了薄膜多层结构的低温调控。利用拉曼散射光谱(Raman)、紫外可见透射光谱以及稳/瞬态光致发光(PL)谱等检测手段对薄膜的微观结构、能带特征以及发光特性进行了分析。光吸收谱分析表明,nc-Si粒子尺寸及其a-SiOx边界层共同影响薄膜的光学带隙。稳/瞬态PL谱分析表明,多层结构发光表现为一个固定于1.19eV附近的发光峰和一个随nc-SiOx层厚度增加而发生红移的发光峰,其中固定发光峰归因于非晶SiOx网络中缺陷发光,发光衰减寿命约在4.6μs,峰位可调的发光峰为nc-Si量子限制效应-缺陷态复合发光,对应两个发光衰减过程,其中慢发光衰减寿命随nc-SiOx层厚度增加由9.9μs增加到16.5μs,快发光衰减过程基本保持不变。低温PL谱的温度依赖特性进一步表明,薄膜样品的发光主要表现为nc-Si的量子限制效应发光。     

磁控溅射MoS2薄膜的结构和微观摩擦磨损特性

利用磁控溅射法制取了ＭｏＳ２薄膜,通过Ｘ光电子能谱、Ｘ射线衍射和ＡＦＭ／ＦＦＭ方法对薄膜的表面形貌、成分、化学价态、结构和微观摩擦磨损性能进行了研究。实验结果表明：ＭｏＳ２薄膜表面呈蠕虫状,微观结构为（１００）面平行于基面的非晶态,表面膜由ＭｏＳ２和少量的ＭｏＯ３组成。在微观摩擦磨损过程中,ＭｏＳ２薄膜的摩擦系数较大,且而磨性能高;微摩擦过程中没有磨合阶段,不存在摩擦机理的转变。     

应用L-MBE方法制备ZnO薄膜的结构和光学特性

用激光分子束外延(Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy,L-MBE)设备在p型Si(111)衬底上制备了不同衬底温度和不同氧压的ZnO薄膜,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)分别对薄膜的结构和形貌进行了分析,用He-Cd激光(325nm)激发的光致发光测试系统对薄膜进行了荧光光谱分析。研究发现,在衬底温度为400℃,氧压1Pa左右所制备的ZnO薄膜表面比较均匀致密,晶粒生长较充分,有较高的结晶质量和发光强度。ZnO薄膜的近带边发射与薄膜的结晶质量和化学配比均有关系。     

基体偏压对磁控溅射制备CrAlN纳米多层薄膜微观结构和力学性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术在不同基体偏压(-60,-70,-80,-90 V)下制备了CrAlN纳米多层薄膜,研究了基体偏压对薄膜微观结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着基体偏压绝对值增大,CrAlN纳米多层薄膜中的氮含量增加,物相组成不变,择优取向由CrN(111)晶面转变为CrN(200)晶面,薄膜表面孔隙减少,组织致密性得...     

纳米复合陶瓷微观结构的有限元模拟

基于对纳米复合陶瓷微观结构的观察和分析,建立了微观结构的模型,利用MonteCarlo方法和Dirichlet镶嵌法,对纳米复合陶瓷微观结构进行了计算机仿真模拟并对产生的结果进行统计分析,讨论了第二相颗粒几何特性对纳米复合陶瓷微观结构的影响。     

纳米结构碳基薄膜的制备及性能研究

利用单极脉冲等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术在单晶硅衬底上沉积含氢碳薄膜,用高分辨透射电子显微镜和激光拉曼光谱仪研究薄膜的微观结构,用X射线光电子能谱分析薄膜的化学键状态,并用纳米压痕仪测定薄膜的硬度和弹性模量,在CSM往复式摩擦磨损试验机上考察薄膜的摩擦学性能。结果表明:在单极脉冲等离子体增强化学气相沉积系统上成功制备出在非晶基体上镶嵌弯曲类富勒烯纳米结构的含氢碳薄膜,其独特的类富勒烯纳米结构赋予薄膜良好的力学性能,其弹性恢复系数和硬度分别高达86%和26.37 GPa;与非晶结构薄膜相比,制备的纳米结构含氢碳薄膜在室温环境下摩擦学性能更为优异,在机械摩擦表面具有广阔的应用前景。     

W掺杂对CrAlN薄膜微观结构及力学性能的影响

通过改变W靶电流,采用磁控溅射技术在M2工具钢表面制备不同W含量的CrAlWN薄膜,利用SEM、EDS、XRD、纳米压痕仪和摩擦磨损试验仪研究了不同W含量的CrAlWN梯度薄膜的微观结构、膜/基结合力、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:CrAlN和CrAlWN薄膜的表面呈颗粒状,W的掺杂未改变CrAlN薄膜原有的晶体结构;随着W的掺杂和含量提高,CrAlN薄膜的力学性能和摩擦性能均有显著提高。     

纳米晶精密电铸层微观结构的测试与研究

采用高速冲液电铸装置、高频脉冲电流等方法，制备出金属镍纳米晶粒电铸沉积层。运用TEM、SEM和XRD等现代分析手段对纳米晶沉积层微观结构进行了分析研究。结果表明，沉积电流密度对细化沉积层晶粒有着重要影响。随着沉积层晶粒细化，横断面上晶粒生长从树枝状晶向细小等轴～柱状晶方式转变，在(200)晶面存在着明显择优生长取向。分析了细化晶粒对沉积层内应力的影响。     

等离子喷涂纳米热障涂层的微观结构特性与性能

热障涂层（TBCs）是由抗高温氧化腐蚀的金属粘结底层和隔热的陶瓷面层构成的复合功能涂层，主要用来为在高温热气流条件下工作的涡轮发动机叶片、燃烧室等热端部件提供高温隔热保护，从而显著降低热端部件的基体温度。采用TBCs不仅能使高温部件材料承受更高的使用温度，进一步提高发动机的工作温度和性能，同时可使发动机寿命和可靠性显著提高，具有极其重大的军事和经济价值。     

Ta2O5/SiO2三维光子晶体的制作及光学性能

利用自我复制的方法制作了可见光谱区的三维光子晶体,用反射光谱研究了光子晶体的光学特性。采用平面波理论计算了光子晶体的光子禁带(PBG),实验结果与理论符合得较好。采用两步生长法将荧光染料(rhodamine 590)置于光子晶体内部,实验结果表明,染料的荧光光谱受到了光子晶体的强烈调制。     

锑掺杂纳米SnO2透明导电薄膜的制备与性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在Si片、已镀SiO2的钠钙硅玻璃和普通钠钙硅玻璃上镀Sb掺杂摩尔分数为8%的SnO2薄膜(ATO),在450℃热处理温度下对薄膜结构,电学、光学性能进行表征。结果表明:薄膜以四方金红石结构存在,结晶完全;方阻值随镀膜层数的增加而明显降低,12层时薄膜最低方阻值为129Ω/□,可见光平均透过率在75%以上。随着波长的增大,红外波段的反射率逐渐增大,从15%增加到55%左右。     

Tribological behavior and phase transformation of single-crystal silicon in air

The tribological behaviors and phase transformations of single-crystal silicon against Si₃N₄ with different sliding velocities and durations under low contact stress at room temperature were investigated. SEM and Raman analysis indicate that phase transformation was involved and characterized by plastically deformed area which consists of Si-III, Si-XII, and a-Si, especially in the early stage at the low sliding velocity. The plastically deformed layer was wiped off at high-velocity or long sliding duration. TEM analysis indicated that the wear debris consists of amorphous silicon.     

The charge storage characteristics of PZT nanocrystal thin film

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films have been extensively investigated for many applications: the nonvolatile memory devices based on their remarkable ferroelectric properties, the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based on their piezoelectricity as well in sensors as in actuators. In this paper, we inject charges into PZT thin films, and then the charge storage and transportation through PZT thin films were observed by electric force microscopy (EFM). Results were studied and charging mechanisms were proposed.     

Al、Sn掺杂对于ZnO薄膜微结构及光学特性的影响

采用真空电子束蒸发金属薄膜及后续热氧化技术在石英衬底上分别制备出了ZnO、Al∶ZnO以及Sn∶ZnO薄膜。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD),紫外-可见分光光度计和原子力显微镜(AFM)等分析仪器对比研究了Al、Sn掺杂对ZnO薄膜结晶质量、光学性质及表面形貌的影响。测试结果表明,Al、Sn掺杂可以使薄膜结晶质量得到提高,薄膜应力部分释放,薄膜表面的粗糙度也相应增加,掺杂对薄膜光学带隙的影响在一定程度取决于金属薄膜的氧化程度,氧化充分可以使光学带隙变宽,反之则变窄。     

镀金属膜长周期光纤光栅的传感特性

本文基于耦合模理论, 建立了严格的四层金属膜理论模型, 探讨了镀金属膜长周期光纤光栅(Long-period fiber grating, LPFG)的温度、 应变及折射率特性, 以及镀膜参数对镀金属膜长周期光纤光栅光谱特性的影响.仿真结果表明, 长周期光纤光栅表面最优的金属膜厚度将引起表现等离子共振(Surface-plasmon resonance, SPR)特性, 这一特性将使得LPFG 对稳定及折射率都有较高的敏感性, 而对应变影响较小. 理论分析表明, 银膜厚度在0.8-1.2 nm 范围内时, 折射率敏感度达到最大值为42.402 6, 敏感度增加4.5%. 仿真结果为镀膜长周期光纤光栅的设计及参数优化提供了理论指导.     

Transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication film thickness in sliding and rolling line contacts

The contact behavior between cam and follower is greatly influenced by the kinematics and dynamics of the whole valve train system. This is the reason that both shape and thickness of the fluid film in the contact gap are mainly determined by applied loads and relative contact speeds as well as the curvatures of contacting elements. Most of the studies about lubricant film behavior between cam and follower have been performed without a consideration of transient effects in the contact gap. For the computational difficulties of transient effects, most contact conditions such as relative contacting speeds have been regarded as quasi-steady state during the whole operating cycle. In this work, in order to obtain stable convergence, a multigrid multi-level method is used for the computation of load capacity in the lubricant film. Nonlinear valve spring dynamics are also considered in the same way as Hanachi’s. From the computational results, transient EHL film thicknesses under the conditions of different contact geometries are computed for a pushrod type valve train system during an engine cycle. Several results show the squeeze film effect, which is generally not found with conventional EHL computations of the cam and follower contact. The results are also compared with those by the Dowson-Hamrock (D-H) formula, which does not consider the dynamic film effect. Without the dynamic film effect as in D-H’s formula, the minimum film thickness is highly dependent on the entraining lubricant velocity, whereas the minimum film thickness including the squeeze film effect is dependent on the applied load.     

Q460c钢激光相变硬化处理的组织和硬度

本文对Q460c钢板进行了激光淬火处理,研究了不同工艺参数对处理层的组织、形态及硬度等的影响。结果表明,激光相变硬化处理可明显细化Q460c钢的表层组织,且提高其表面硬度。随着激光功率的增加,淬硬层深逐渐变大,但当功率过大(P=1200W)时,发生微熔现象,表层晶粒粗大且合金元素烧损,硬度明显降低。当功率过低(P=700W和900W)时,表面相当于高温回火处理,硬度略有降低。     

Comparison of convergent beam electron diffraction and geometric phase analysis for strain measurement in a strained silicon device

Convergent beam electron diffraction and geometric phase analysis were used to measure strain in the gate channel of a p-type strained silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. These measurements were made on exactly the same transmission electron microscopy specimen allowing for direct comparison of the relative advantages of each technique. The trends in the strain values show good agreement in both the [110] and [001] directions, but the absolute strain values are offset from each other. This difference in the absolute strain measured using the two techniques is attributed to the way the reference strain is defined for each.